History Final Study Guide

Front 1

The four major powers in the New World during the 1600's consisted of which four nations?

Back 1

Spain, France, Britain and Holland(Netherlands)

Front 2

A system in which the government takes control of the economy and regulates, taxes, or subsidizes key industries is known as:

Back 2

Merchantism

Front 3

What was the name of the Act that was nullified by the day it went into law due to colonial protests and boycotts?

Back 3

Stamp Act

Front 4

Who submitted the first draft of the Declaration of Independence?

Back 4

Thomas Jefferson

Front 5

Who was the Prussian military advisor hired to help train Washington's new Continental army?

Back 5

Fredrick Wilhelm, baron von Steuben

Front 6

This battle in Western North Carolina showed how divided the nation was over the American Revolution with 74 sets of brothers and 29 sets of fathers and sons fighting on both sides.

Back 6

Battle of king’s Mountain

Front 7

This early victory of the American Revolution saw Washington defeat a large force of Hessians when his army caught them by surprise, giving a morale boost to his soldiers as well as restoring faith in the American Revolution.

Back 7

Victory at Morristown

Front 8

While this battle was considered a British victory in North Carolina, it cost Cornwallis enough men that he was forced to retreat back into the port city of Wilmington.

Back 8

Battle of Guilford Courthouse

Front 9

The Great Compromise used elements of two different plans to help determine state representation in the post-revolutionary government. Which two plans was the compromise based on?

Back 9

Virginia plan- plan to scrap the articles of confederation and create a federal constitution.

New jersey – plan by William Paterson his plan called for a one house government but would give authority to levy taxes, regulate commerce, appoint a supreme court and to name a chief executive.

Front 10

What were the reasons that the Articles of Confederation (AOC) were deemed too weak to protect the new American nation?

Back 10

It provided a weak national government, gave congress no power to tax or trade among the states, provided for no common currency, gave each state in congress only one vote regardless of size , provided for no executive or judicial branches

Front 11

A collection of 85 essays published between 1787-1788 that pushed for ratification of the US constitution is known as the:

Back 11

Federalist papers

Front 12

An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations heavily influenced what man to publish reports calling for economic reform in the US?

Back 12

Alexander Hamilton

Front 13

The highest position a slave could normally hope to attain on a plantation as the manager of a small group of slaves:

Back 13

Driver

Front 14

African American religion encompassed aspects of what religions? ?

Back 14

African, Caribbean, and Christian

Front 15

This group supported slavery out of a sense of social superiority and feared economic competition if slaves were freed.

Back 15

Plain White Folk

Front 16

In what year was the importation of slaves banned?

Back 16

1808

Front 17

These two Christian denominations were the driving force behind camp meetings during the Second Great Awakening.

Back 17

Baptists and Methodists

Front 18

A philosophy that advocates personal spirituality, self-reliance, social reform and harmony with nature is:

Back 18

Transcendentalism

Front 19

What movement that was gaining momentum actually caused a divide among the abolition movement?

Back 19

The Anti- Slavery Movement

Front 20

Who was the first martyr of the abolition movement?

Back 20

Elijah P. Lovejoy

Front 21

This battle resulted in the capture of Santa Anna forcing Mexico to recognize Texas independence and recognize the Texas border as the Rio Grande River.

Back 21

The battle of San Jacinto

Front 22

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo brought an end to the Mexican American War. What did the treaty entail?

Back 22

Mexico cedes New Mexico and California, the US would pay 15 million in territorial compensation, and Mexico gave up all claims on Texas north of the Rio Grande

Front 23

President Polk was able to bait Mexico into starting a war with the United States by what act?

Back 23

Sending US army troops into disputed territory in hopes of being attacked.

Front 24

The first seven states to secede from the Union were in response to what?

Back 24

The election of President Lincoln

Front 25

What were the major steps of the Anaconda Plan?

Back 25

A blockade of all southern ports, the protection of Washington DC and putting pressure on Richmond, cutting the Confederacy in half by advancing down the Mississippi River

Front 26

These two victories that occurred at the same time set off massive celebrations in the North and signaled the beginning of the end for the Confederacy:

Back 26

Vicksburg and Gettysburg

Front 27

General Robert E. Lee surrendered to US General Grant at what place?

Back 27

Appomattox Court House

Front 28

General Sherman's capture of what Southern city restored Northern faith in the war and allowed Lincoln to win his reelection in 1864?

Back 28

Atlanta

Front 29

Which amendment officially ended slavery in the United States?

Back 29

13th amendment

Front 30

The Civil Rights Act of 1866 stated that anyone born in the United States was a United States citizen except for which group?

Back 30

Native Americans

Front 31

The Freedman's Bureau was established to assist newly freed slaves. What kinds of needs did The Freedman's Bureau help to provide?

Back 31

Help provide food and medical help, establish schools, and help establish labor contracts between former slaves and masters.

Front 32

What group of people were viewed as traitors in the South?

Back 32

Scalawags

Front 33

This group was primarily ex-Union soldiers who stayed in the South after the war to help rebuild economy, although they were seen as corrupt men looking for power by Southerners.

Back 33

Carpetbaggers

Front 34

This man was focused on the black community making friends among other races and believed becoming masters of their own industry was more effective than outright resistance towards whites.

Back 34

Booker T. Washington

Front 35

This man called for a policy of ceaseless agitation against the white community to bring about civil equality and the right to vote.

Back 35

W.E.B Du Bois

Front 36

This court case legitimized the racist practice of "separate but equal" facilities.

Back 36

Plessy v. Ferguson

Front 37

This man developed the Frontier thesis. This would guide students and scholars in their understanding of western life but focused only on the role of whites, neglecting African Americans, Asians, Indians, and Hispanics.

Back 37

Fredrick Jackson Turner

Front 38

What style took hold in art and literature during the Gilded Age?

Back 38

Realism

Front 39

This system was a system of rewarding supporters with political positions and contracts.

Back 39

Patronage

Front 40

Social Darwinism was a philosophy developed by whom?

Back 40

Herbert Spencer

Front 41

What were some problems in major cities during the Gilded Age?

Back 41

Diseases, over crowded, violent crime

Front 42

Which island was seized by the United States but allowed to have its independence?

Back 42

Cuba

Front 43

This man published The Influence of Sea Power.

Back 43

Alfred thayer mahan

Front 44

This president was known for his dollar diplomacy.

Back 44

William Howard Taft

Front 45

This Mexican bandit would launch attacks against the United States and be heavily pursued by General Pershing until US involvement in World War 1.

Back 45

Pancho villa

Front 46

This telegram urged Mexico to go to war with the United States and Germany would guarantee Mexico's right to reclaim its lost lands in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.

Back 46

Zimmerman telegram

Front 47

The sinking of this British ship by a German U-boat resulted in the death of 128 Americans. It also called many in the US to call for war.

Back 47

The Lusitania

Front 48

This treaty ended the Great War, made Germany assume the blame for war/cost of the war; disarmed, and humiliated Germany.

Back 48

Treaty of Versailles

Front 49

This amendment finally gave women the right to vote.

Back 49

19th amendment

Front 50

President Wilson wanted to establish a League of Nations in the aftermath of the Great War but American attitudes were against such a league. What was the major reason for not wanting to be a part of such a league?

Back 50

It would drag the United States into foreign wars

Front 51

This man promoted what came to be called "Negro Nationalism" and called for the African American community to separate rather than live amongst whites. He had dreams of building an all-black empire in Africa while leaving Europe and America to the whites.

Back 51

Marcus Garvey

Front 52

This man developed a moving assembly line which allowed for the production of an automobile every 96 minutes. His mass production techniques made owning an automobile possible for most Americans with his Model T.

Back 52

Henry Ford

Front 53

This trial was the most celebrated trial of the 1920's. These two anarchists would be arrested for a crime and sentenced to death even though the stolen money was never recovered. During the trial the judge was openly biased against the suspects and even today the trial is seen as an example of American injustice :

Back 53

Sacco and Vanzetti

Front 54

This trial started as a challenge against anti-evolution laws. While the court found the defendant guilty, both fundamentalists and pro-evolution groups would claim victory.

Back 54

The scopes trial