History Final Exam

Front 1

Molly Maguires

Back 1

-associate on behalf of the irish workers
-involvement with labor union in west virginia
-would come in and negociate with bosses of irish coal minors if the bosses didn't fix the problem they would hurt him

Front 2

James McParlan

Back 2

- noted for success against the Maguires
- was a Pinkerton agent

Front 3

Knights of Labor

Back 3

-led by Uriah Stephen
-welcomed skilled and unkilled labor except for those of chinese decent
-typical work week: 60-65 hrs
-called "end to child labor", and labor of bureau statistics
-equal pay for equal work

Front 4

Marshall Plan (1948-1952)

Back 4

-Spin off of Truman Doctrine
-Wanted 2 extend the aid given 2 Greece and Turkey 2 the rest of Europe)
-The U.S gave $13 bill. to Europe, but Europe had to record were all the money was being spent. 17 European nations agreed. Most of the $ went to Great Britian, France, and Germany. France really needed the money so they purged all the communist out of the gov't.

Front 5

William Levitt
Levittowns

Back 5

-Built inexpensive houses that were built in factories and put 2gether at the site.
-Houes: living room, kitchen, 2 bedrooms, and atic for $8000
-AKA- Levittowns

Front 6

Interstate Highway Act (1956)

Back 6

-Largest project in history
-Highways used 4 evacuations
-Used 2 link suburbs 2 the city.
- Gov't funded 90% of the project. The other 10% came from gas, car, etc. taxes

Front 7

Brown vs. Board of Education

Back 7

-Integrated schools

Front 8

Emmet Till

Back 8

-14 yrs. old from chicago with integrated schools. He had a white girlfriend
-He went 2 Money, Mississippi 4 the summer. He was dared 2 talk 2 a white girl. He was later kidnapped and beaten 2 death.
-Body found in Tallahatchie river.
-They recognized the body because of this ring with his initials on it.
-His body was flown back 2 Chicago and Till had an open casket funeral.
-The guys were arrested and let go

Front 9

The Beats

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-Teens who rejected the cookie cutter image of main stream society. They used drugs and had open sex.

Front 10

Paul Nitze

Back 10

-Stated that if Europe didnt recieve $8 bill., then they will collapse and they will fall n2 communism.

Front 11

Walter Rauchenbush

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-wrote "applied christianity"
-argued that poverty wasnt a punishment, he said the wealthy werent a sign of a blessing
-church neds to open its mind
- church should open kindergarten and help pregnant women

Front 12

Applied Christianity

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-written by Walter Rauchenbush
-argued poverty wasnt a punishment. said being wealthy wasnt a sign of a blessing
-the church should help with single mothers and open a kindegarden center

Front 13

WCTU

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-womens christian temperest union
-tried to get rid of alcohol in society
-leader Francis Willard

Front 14

Frances Willard

Back 14

-leader of WCTU

Front 15

Carry A. Nation

Back 15

-lead "the flying cross of jesus"
-visited saloons armed with hatches
-destroyed the place to stop the selling of alcohol

Front 16

Flying Cross of Jesus

Back 16

-Carry A. Nation

Front 17

17th Amendment

Back 17

direct election of senators

Front 18

Uptain St. Clair

Back 18

-wrote "The Jungle"

Front 19

The Jungle

Back 19

-written by Uptain St. Clair
-talked about unsanitary conditions at the meat packing industry

Front 20

Willaim H. Seward

Back 20

-Sewards Folly
-bought Alaska

Front 21

Sewards Folly

Back 21

-Alaska
-also known as "sewards ice box"
-press said Alaska was just an icebox

Front 22

Queen Lilioukalani

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-owned Hawaii and America wanted it
-she was overthrown by America

Front 23

Sanford B. Dole

Back 23

-becomes the new president of Hawaii after Queen Lilioukalani is overthrown

Front 24

Valeriano Weyler

Back 24

-aka The Butcher
-sent by Spain to Cuba to control the rebellion
-he sets up concentration camps
-newspapers pick up the stories

Front 25

Yellow Journalism

Back 25

-support for the war
-accused by critics of sensationalizing the news in order to drive up circulation, although the newspapers did serious reporting as well

Front 26

Joseph Pulitzer

Back 26

-editor of the newspaper
-start up support for the war
- in charge of New York World Paper

Front 27

William Randolph Hearst

Back 27

-editor for newspaper
-helps start support for war too
- New York Journal

Front 28

DeLome Letter

Back 28

-written by Enrique Dupuy de Lôme
-critical of McKinely

Front 29

USS Maine

Back 29

-explosion of this ship started the war
-spain was blamed for explosion
-McKinely gets a declaration of war from congress from May 1898-Sept 1898

Front 30

Treaty of Paris 1898

Back 30

-ends war with spain
-US gains control of cuba

Front 31

Wilsons 14 Points

Back 31

-became the basis for the terms of the German surrender
-point 14: formation of hte League of Nations

Front 32

Warren G. Harding

Back 32

-most corrupt administration in history
-he never campaigned
-rumor that he was half black, the KKK rose again
-everyone is doing well in US ecept for farmers, farmers have too much land

Front 33

Great Depression

Back 33

-began with stock market crash
-Oct 1929
Facors that led to it: consumer buying power weak, most of investment went into building industrial plants, high tariff, unchecked speculation
-unemployment rate: 25%

Front 34

New Deal

Back 34

- created by FDR
-goal of giving work (relief) to the unemployed, reform of business and financial practices, and recovery of the economy during The Great Depression

Front 35

Bonus Army

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-bonus average $500-1000
-not to receive money till 1945
- march to Washington to present case
-hoover sends in army to get rid of bonus army

Front 36

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Back 36

-wins election of 1932
-brings the New Deal
-creates brain trust (policies to deal with great depression)
-passes federal emergency bank relief act
-social security act was his cornerstone

Front 37

Federal Emergency Bank Relief Act

Back 37

-passed by FDR
- March 1933
- gives people trust in bank

Front 38

FDIC

Back 38

-Federal deposit insurance company
-protect money up to a certain amount

Front 39

Cold War

Back 39

-state of conflict, tension and competition that existed between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR)
-rivalry between the two superpowers was expressed through military coalitions, propaganda, espionage, weapons development, industrial advances, and competitive technological development, e.g., the space race

Front 40

Project Paper Clip

Back 40

-US and Russia interested in getting scientist that worked with hitler to help US with our missle program
-765 german scientist brought in from 1945-1955
-many were Nazi's charged with crimes

Front 41

Dean Atchington

Back 41

-served as sec of state
-shaped Us diplomacy with his outlook
-educated at Harvard & Yale
-power only thing that could garuantee US survival

Front 42

George Kennan

Back 42

-diplomat, expert at Russian history
-sent the long telegram

Front 43

Long Telegram

Back 43

-gives perception about soviet union, tries to suggest that stalin was trying to portray the west as evil
-said unlike nazis, soviet union had no time limit
-says we need to try to contain communism

Front 44

Article X

Back 44

-when the long telegram was leaked to the press it became known as this

Front 45

Clark M. Clifford

Back 45

-takes Kennen's ideas
-hawk: agressive, favored war

Front 46

Truman Doctrine

Back 46

-stated that the U.S. would support the Kingdom of Greece and Turkey economically and militarily to prevent their falling under Soviet control
-

Front 47

Apples in a Barrel Speech

Back 47

-written by Acheson
-Acheson argues that Americans need to take immediate action
-if greece and turkey die all of europe will die
-two parts of america: "free people", people who depend on terror

Front 48

Nato

Back 48

National Atlantic Trade Organization

Front 49

Congress of Racial Equality

Back 49

-CORE
-Organized sit-ins

Front 50

-Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
-Ella Baker

Back 50

-SNCC
-Mainly consists of young people (because of Ella Baker)
-Really wanted 2 desegregate Albany

Front 51

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

Back 51

-SCLC
-Paid bail 4 people arrested in sit-ins

Front 52

Albany Movement

Back 52

-SNCC waned 2 desegragate Albany.
-Called MLK and his wingman Ralph David Albernathy
-Police knew King wanted 2 fill up the jails
-Police arrest people and send them away 2 jail.
-Only King and Albernathy were in Albany jail.
-Rumors are that Pritchett paid their bail in the middle of the night, and sent them out of town.

Front 53

Laurie Pritchett

Back 53

-police chief in Albany

Front 54

Social Gospel

Back 54

-movement is a Protestant Christian intellectual movement that was most prominent in the late 19th century and early 20th century. The movement applied Christian ethics to social problems, especially poverty, inequality, liquor, crime, racial tensions, slums, bad hygiene, child labor, weak labor unions, poor schools, and the danger of war
- one of the leaders was Walter Rauschenbusch

Front 55

John F. Kennedy

Back 55

-Ran 4 election of 1960 against Nixon(Eishenhower's VP) after only 1 yr. in Senate
-Young and wanted 2 change society

Front 56

Robert Kennedy

Back 56

-JFK's brother.
-Attourney General

Front 57

Dean Rusk

Back 57

-Sec. of State in JFK administration

Front 58

Robert McNamara

Back 58

-Sec. of Defense in JFK administration
-Reorganized Ford and made it the powerhouse it is 2day

Front 59

Gideon vs. Wainwright (1963)

Back 59

-All felony defendants get representation even if they cant pay 4 it
-Passed by JFK

Front 60

Escobedo vs. Illinois

Back 60

-people arrested can talk 2 atterney b4 they answer police Q's
-Passed by JFK

Front 61

Miranda vs. Arizona

Back 61

-Miranda Rights passed....(You have the right 2 reamain silent...)
-Passed by JFK

Front 62

Nikita Khrushchev

Back 62

Leader of Soviet Union

Front 63

Cuban Missle Crisis (1962)

Back 63

-Result of Cold War
-Khrushchev sends missles 2 Cuba.
-U.S. finds out about it. Hawks= go 2 war; Doves= make a blockade 4 the weapons.
-U.S. "quarenteened" Cuba- instead of calling it a blockade.

Front 64

Lyndon B. Johnson

Back 64

-Became pres. when JFK was assasinated
-Responsible 4 civil rights act and voting act.
-Gifted with compromise

Front 65

Great Society

Back 65

-Johnson's program-waged a war with poverty
-Wanted $10 bill 2 end poverty
-Formed Job Core for inner city use
-Formed Head Start Program
-Formed College Work Study
-Formed VISTA- Volenteers in Service to America
-Offered grants to businesses that would hire unemployed people.

Front 66

Barry Goldwater

Back 66

-Ran 4 election of 1964.
-Didn't care about poverty.
-Spoke against social security
-Johnson won the election by a landslide.

Front 67

Michael Harrington

Back 67

-Wrote "The other American"- about 40-50 bill. Americans are in poverty
-Said poverty was transgenerational (passed down)

Front 68

Civil Rights Act (1964)

Back 68

-Prohibited segregation in public places of accomidation. (schools)
-There was still poll discrimination

Front 69

Voting Rights Act (19650

Back 69

-Did away with poll taxes and literacty tests.
-Congress threatened 2 take away the states representation if they dont obey.

Front 70

Court Packing Plan

Back 70

-also known as Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937
- was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt. The bill intended to overhaul and modernize the entirety of the federal courts
- one provision allowed for the president to appoint a justice to the U.S. Supreme Court
- trying to "pack the court"

Front 71

History of Standard Oil

Back 71

-a predominant American integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company
-one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations until it was broken up by the United States Supreme Court in 1911.[3] John D. Rockefeller was a founder, chairman and major shareholder, and the company made him a billionaire and eventually the richest man in modern history.
-began as an Ohio partnership

Front 72

Referendum

Back 72

people either accept or reject a law

Front 73

Recall

Back 73

-procedure by which voters can remove an elected official from office

Front 74

Direct Primary

Back 74

is an election in which voters in a jurisdiction select candidates for a subsequent election

Front 75

Initiative

Back 75

-people initiate laws

Front 76

Muckrakers

Back 76

is a journalist, author or filmmaker who investigates and exposes political and/or social corruption

Front 77

Ida M. Tarbell

Back 77

-an American teacher, author and journalist. She was known as one of the leading "muckrakers" of her day
- best known for her book The History of the Standard Oil Company

Front 78

History of Standard Oil

Back 78

-written by Ida M. Tarbell
-credited for the breaking up of standard oil