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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who worked at the Lowell Mills?
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boys and mostly girs starting at age 7
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What did the workers do at the Lowell Mills?
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produced their own products and magazines such as the Lowell Magazine
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Know that the Boston Association partners had something to do with chapter 18
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kk
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Who was the reformer in the area of prisons?
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Dorothea Dix
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Who were the reformers for the women's sufferage movement? (7)
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Anthony, Dix, Douglas, Emerson, Lyons, Mott, and Stanton
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Who was the reformer in the area of temperance?
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Neal Dow
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Who were the reformers in the abolitionist movement? (4)
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Douglas, Garrison, Grimke Sisters, Sojourner Truth/Baumfree
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Who did the abolitionist movement begin with?
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quakers
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Who are the abolitionists?
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-those who wanted to end slavery
-organized antislavery organizations -supported womens rights |
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Who was the reformer in the public education area?
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Horace Man - "Father of American Public Schools"
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Immigrants from Germany
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-came for religious freedom
-came with money to start a new life |
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Immigrants from Ireland
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-came from the lack of potatoes
-came poor -became the ghetto group in America |
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Who were transcendentalists?
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writers and thinkers who stressed emotions over reasons
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Who lead the transcendentalist movement?
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Henry David Thoreau and Ralph Waldo Emerson
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What was the only party in the election of 1824?
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Republican Party
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Who were the four candidates in the election of 1824?
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Clay, Crawford, Jackson, Quincy Adams
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Who should have won the election of 1824? Who did win?
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Jackson, but Adams won
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What was the "corrupt bargain" in the election of 1824?
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Clay told his part of the HOR to vote for Adams, then Adams made Clay his secretary of state for doing that
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What were the principles of the Jacksonian Government?
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-Direct Government=President directly responsible for people
-Rotation of Office=frequent replacement of government officials -Spoils System=practice of rewarding political supporters with government jobs |
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Did Jackson favor state banks or the national bank? Why?
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state bank because the national bank was unconstitutional and a monopoly of the rich
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Who was the president of the US Bank?
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Nicholas Biddle
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What were the selected state banks called?
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pet banks
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Who did Jackson tell to deposite money into the pet banks?
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Roger Taney
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What was the Tariff of 1828?
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tax on imported goods
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What did the south call the Tariff of 1828? and What did they argue against it?
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Tariff of Abomination
-states rights -right of nullification |
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What compromised ended the dispute over the Tariff of 1828?
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Tariff of 1833
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What was the Indian Removal Act?
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forced Indians to move west of the Mississippi on to Indian Reserves
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What was the path called that the Cherokees took when they were moved?
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Trail of Tears
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What was Jackson's Double Standard?
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-Defends power of fed. gov. in Nullification Crisis
-Defends states' rights in Cherokee case of Worchester vs. Georgia |
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What are the methods of fulfilling Manifest Destiny?
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colonization, war, purchase, annexation, and compromise
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Review Ch. 15 Notes
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done
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Read book for Ch. 21
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done
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Northern Advantages in the Civil War (7)
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1. Well established government
2. Most of the population of the US 3. Most of the natural resources 4. most of the wealth 5. most of the transportation 6. most of the mines 7. most of the skilled laborers |
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Southern Advantages in the Civil War (3)
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1. fight a defensive war on Southern territory
2. superior military leaders 3. slave labor that freed the Southern males for military duty |
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Northern War Plan
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Anaconda Plan
-naval blockade of Southern ports -seizing the Mississippi River -Capturing the Confederate Capitol=Richmond, Virginia |
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Southern War Plan
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-fight a defensive war
-send raiding parties into the North -capture Washington, D.C. |
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Monitor vs. Merrimac
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Objective: Southern attempt to break the Union blockade
Result: draw, however the Union effectively cut off all foreign aid to the Confederacy |
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Shiloh
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1861 to 1862
-North gains control of Tennessee -one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War |
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Antietam
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-right before the Emancipation Proclamation
-Union Victory |
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Vicksburg
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1863
Union gains control of the Mississippi |
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Gettysburg
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1863
-South is never again able to invade the North -French and English decide that the Southern cause is hopeless |
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Chattanooga
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1863
-Grant appointed commander of all Union forces -victory for north |
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What was Sherman's march from 1864 to 1865?
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Schorched Earth Policy and the Capture of Atlanta Georgia
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Where did the War end?
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Appomattox Courthouse
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Bull Run
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South humiliated North but failed to pursue fleeing Union army
-southern victory |
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Fredericksburg
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one of the Union's worst defeats
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During what battle did Stonewall Jackson die?
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Chancellorsville
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Copperheads
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Northern Democrates opposed to the war
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What is habeas corpus?
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the right to appear before a judge to face charges
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What right did Lincoln suspend?
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the right of habeas corpus
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What was another name for total war?
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scorched earth policy
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Emancipation Proclamation
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purpose was to freee slaves in states still in rebellion
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Reconstruction
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period after the civil war when the Southern states were rebuilt and reunited with the Union
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Lincoln's 10% Plan
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-restored South with few penalties
-amnesty to Confederates who swore loyalty to the Union -recognition of the Southern State Governments when established by 10% of voters -abolish slavery and denounce secession |
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Johnson's Reconstruction Plan
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-state must write a new state constitution, elect a new state gov., repeal its act of secession, and cancel its war debts
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Radical Reconstruction
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-restore Congressional power
-punish the Southern leaders -keep Southern democrates out of Congress -protect the rights of freedment -abolish the Black Codes |
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carpetbagger
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Northerners who moved south after the war for political gains, business opportunites, and to help the freedmen
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scalawag
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southerners who joined and supported carpetbagger activites
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Tenure of Office Act
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Prohibited Johnson from removing government officials without consent of Congress
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What did Edmond Ross do?
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voted in favor for Johnson not to be impeached and because of that vote, Johnson was not impeached
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Freedman's Bureau Bill
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provided food, clothing, jobs, and medical care for Freedmen
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black codes
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laws passed in 1855 and 1856 in the former Confederate states to limit the rights and freedoms of African Americans
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Ku Klux Klan
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Knights of the White Camelia
Purpose: -intimidate freedmen from voting with open violence -keeping freedmen in an inferior and economic position |
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Jim Crow laws
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laws enforcing segregation of blacks and whites in the South after the Civil War
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"grandfather clause"
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said taht taxes and tests did not apply to any man whose father or grandfather could vote on January 1,1867, since no blacks could vote that day, the law only applied to whites
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poll tax
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law that required citizens who wanted to vote to pay a tax and the tax was too high for blacks to pay, so they did not vote
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13th Amendment
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a change to the Constitution ratified in 1865, abolishing slavery in the US
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14th Amendment
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a change to the Constitution ratified int 1868, granting citizenship to anyone born in the US and guaranteeing all citizens equal protection of the law
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15th Amendment
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a change to the Constitution ratified in 1870, declaring that states cannot deny anyone the right to vote because of race or color, or because the person was once a slave
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President Hayes
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withdrew all troops in the South in 1877 ending the Reconstruction
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Essay: What were the ways in which the Southerners prevented the freedmen from expressing their rights?
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1. Poll tax - tax for those who wanted to vote, but was high enough where most blacks could not afford it
2. Literacy Test - some southern states required those who wanted to vote to take a literacy test to show that the person could read and write and the tests were made so that it was impossible for the African Americans to pass 3. "Grandfather Clause" - taxes adn test did not apply to any man whose father or grandfather could vote on January 1, 1867, and since no blacks could vote on that day, the grandfather clause only applied to whites |
