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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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what does Renaissance mean? |
Rebirth- a time of creativity and great change in many areas. Political, social, economic, and cultural. |
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Leonardo Da Vinci |
Inventor, artist, anatomy, architecture, and engineering. Created the Mona Lisa, The Last Supper and sketches of flying machines and underwater boats. |
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Humanism |
Intellectual movement. People studied Greece and Rome culture. They focused on things outside of religion. Believed in education. |
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Humanities |
Subjects including grammar, rhetoric (language), poetry, and history that had been taught in ancient Greece/Rome. |
What humanists studied |
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Petrarch |
Early renaissance humanist. |
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Baldassare Castiglione |
The book of the Courtier. Described manners, skills, learning and virtues that a member of the court should have. |
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Niccolò Machiavelli |
Wrote a guide for rulers called the prince on how to gain and maintain power. Stressed that the end justifies the means. Use whatever methods necessary to gain power. |
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Johann Gutenberg |
Created the first printing press. Printed the first Bible. Sparked the printing revolution |
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Where did the Renaissance start |
the prosperous town of Flanders |
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Vernacular |
everyday language of ordinary people |
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Erasmus |
Dutch Priest and humanist. Called for a translation of the bible to vernacular. People should be open minded and show good will towards others. |
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Thomas More |
Humanist. pressed for social reform. Wrote Utopia, about his perfect society. |
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What is humanism and how did this idea contribute to a new way of thinking? |
humanism focused on new ideas and not so much religion. |
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How did Renaissance art differ form medieval art. |
Ren art was 3 dimensional and had much more perspective (distant objects smaller) |
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Indulgences |
Money you pay so you or your family members can go to heaven or spend less time in purgatory. |
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Diet of worms |
the assembly of princes in the city of worms that told luther to give up his ideas. Charles I then declared Luther an outlaw (no one could give him food or shelter). |
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The peace of Augsberg |
Allowed each prince to decide which religion would be followed in his lands. |
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95 theses |
Martin Luthers 95 complaints about indulgences and the Catholic Church. |
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Who was Calvin? |
believed in predestination, the bible alone is the source of truth, people could interpret the bible themselves. |
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Why were the 95 theses wrote? |
Poor peasants could not get into heaven because of the indulgences. |
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How did pope leo respond to the 95 theses? |
He excommunicated Luther. |
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Nicolaus Copernicus |
Wrote on the revolutions of the heavenly spheres. He proposed a heliocentric or sun centered model of the universe. |
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Johannes Kepler |
Calculated the orbits of the planets revolving around the sun. His findings supported a Heliocentric universe. however not every planet moves in a perfect circle. |
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Galileo |
Made a telescope. Found that Jupiters moons revolve around it like we move around the sun. The church condemned him because his ideas contradicted christian teachings. |
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Renee Descartes |
emphasized human reasoning as the best road to understanding. I think therefore I am. Scientific method |
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Scientific Method |
Step by step process of discovery. scientists used reasoning to propose a logical hypothesis. |
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Isaac Newton |
the reason why planets move around the sun is due to gravity. Explained the law of gravity and other workings of the universe. Calculus was partially created by Newton. |
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Line of demarcation |
Division of the non-European world into two zones. Spain had one side Portugal had the other. Division of south america. |
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Treaty of Tordesillas |
Specific terms of the line of demarcation. |
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Vasco Nunez de Balboa |
First European to see the pacific ocean |
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Prince Henry |
Led the way in sponsoring exploration for Portugal. His navigators found and claimed land. Tried to convert africans to christianity. |
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Council of Indies |
supreme governing body of Spain's colonies in america. |
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Viceroys |
a ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign. |
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Christopher Columbus |
thought he went to southeast Asia but really ended up in the Americas. |
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Plantation |
large estates run by an owner or an owners overseer. Slaves usually worked on these. |
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Middle Passage |
Slaves were shipped out to various countries to be traded and sold. |
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Mutiny |
Rebellion against the slave ship captains |
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Slave trade |
10-12 millions slaves were traded. The major destinations they went to were south america the islands near north america |
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Mary Wollstonecraft |
A vindication of the rights of women. Women should get the same education as men. Relevant- she started the first femmenist movements that are still going strong today |
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Adam Smith |
The Wealth of Nations. Free market economy can work by itself. Free market is something we still use today. |
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John Locke |
Treaties of the Government. Thought Governments were supposed to protect natural rights. Some of his ideas about natural law are still used in the government today. |
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Voltaire |
candide. Uncovered government corruption |
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Baron |
Les latter parernes. System with only three powers. We still have a government with three branches |
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Rousseau |
The social contrast. Everyone is innocent but society turned them into bad people. Humans are naturally social beings. |
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Natural Rights |
The rights that are given to you at birth |
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Social contract |
An agreement by which they give up their freedom for an organized society. |
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Laissez faire |
a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering. |
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