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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Harry Jaffa
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Goldwater speechwriter, author of the line "Extremism in pursuit of virtue..."
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John Birch Society
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Founded in 1938 by Robert Welch. Named after a missionary that was killed in China, the first victim of the cold war. Believed that the U.S. Gov was infiltrated with commies including Eisenhower. Rapidly expanding with 25,000 members, 2 congressmen. Buckley targeted them and got them out of the conservative movement thus making it safe for the mainstream.
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Great Society
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Johnson programs to fight the war on poverty. Included creation of the Job-Corps, Community Action grants, medicare, medicaid, elementary and secondary education act (1st time federal $ funneled in this way to schools), Clean air and water acts, product safety, National Endowement for the Arts, even tax cuts. These programs were paid for with continued growth. Collapses extremely quickly, people saw it as unrestrained. The continuation of the civil rights act became contentious as it moved to the north and attacked de facto segregation.
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Tom Hayden
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Founder of SDS and principle author of the Port Huron Statement. Hayden was raised in a working class family. Influenced by Beats, existentialism. Goes to UMichigan, which was a hotbed of leftism b/c of the huge, unanswerable school bureaucracy.
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Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
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Founded by Hayden, other student radicals in earl 1960s. Came out of the Student League for Industrial Democracy at UMich. 3 original chapters-Yale, Columbia, UMich. orginally interested in different things than the democrats or the socialists. See socialism as a Eurpoean term--search for a new word. Dislike of big, centralized organizations.
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Greensboro Sit-In
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At a lunch counter in Greensboro, Texas in Feb 1960. Starts movement in the south. Student Non-Violent Organizing Committee Founded.
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Mario Savio
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Leader of the free-speech movement at Berkley. Stood on top of a police car at the sit in after police arrested a member of CORE. Also worked in Mississippi during a "freedom summer." He and a black friend had been attacked in Missippi, charged never pressed. Savio was somewhat discredited by the counter-culturists. The free speech movement occurred during 1964.
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Clark Kerr
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President of the University of California during the 1960s, the free speech movement. Was a quintessential liberal.
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SPIDER
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Sex, Politics, International Communism, Dope, Extremism, Rock n' Roll. Counter-culture movement.
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Selma March
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The first march was called "Bloody Sunday" b/c marchers were brutally attacked by police. They then do a second march which MLK doesn't actually authorize b/c there was a federal injunction against in, SNCC doesn't participate. This was the zenith of religious participation in civil rights protests.
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Stokely Carmichael
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Leader of SNCC who starts kicking whites out b/c he believes they are co-opting the movement from blacks. Also takes "non-violence" out of the charter.
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Watts Riot
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August 1965. After buildup of racial tensions in this suburb of LA b/c of police brutality against blacks. Occurred 5 days after the passage of the Voting Rights Act. 34 ppl were killed. Showed that civil rights movement needed to address the north, not only south, and that blacks needed de facto integration and economic rights.
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George Lincoln Rockwell
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Leader of the American Nazi Party and honored guests at a Black Nationalist Part event b/c both believe in separation. Rockwell calls Elijah Muhammad "the Hitler for his people."
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Yippies
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Abi Hoffman, Jerry Rubin. Counter-culture. Use television to show spectacle and extremism.
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C. Wright Mills
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Sociologist who has a lot of influence over the New Left. Studies of power in his book the "Power Elite." Also advocates participation rather than passive intellectualism. He believed that there exists a power elite, pluralism is a myth, regular people don't have their own say.
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Tom Jones
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Leader of the protests at Cornell in 1965. At this protest, blacks seized the student hall and brought guns in to defend themselves. The schools gave in to the demands from the students for an autonomous Afro-American cultural center, amnesty for demonstrators. Tom Jones had threatened death if demands were not met. Faculty doesn't approve of the school's decision, and some resign b/c of it.
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Allan Bloom
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Author of "The Closing of the American Mind" a huge intellectual bestseller. This was an indictment of students of the present day, all students are relativists. Cornell important in his development. Student of Strauss, proponent of the "Great Books" way of education. Criticized the devaluation of these books in "Closing of the American Mind." Sees threat of conditions like Nazism, in which Nazi students took over universities.
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Leo Strauss
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Born in 1898 in Germany. Comes to the U.S. in 1938. Teaches at UChicago, has a following of students. Strauss, and his follower Bloom, love the modern world (Unlike Weaver) although he does not conciously talk about the modern world. Is concerned with classical philosophy. Beleived this philosophy should be looked at through the lense of the ancients. Elitist, anti-democratic message. Is possible to have an authoritative regime that is better than a democracy. Words liek good, evil, virtue, vice should be used in education. Belief that democracy contains within it the seeds of its own destruction, loves the idea of philospher-kings. Doesn't believe in religion (thinks it is a "noble lie") but believes it to be useful. A lot of Straussians go in to foreign policy because it is most secretive, least answerable, elite aspect of American politics. Historicism is the enemy of Straussianism b/c Strauss believes everything was already thought of in ancient times. Tradition, common sense, and religion keep democracy in check.
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A. Wolstetter
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Professor at UChicago. Wanted to change the frame of the debate on nuclear disarmament. Since no one will actually blow up the world, we should be more aggressive. In favor of protracted wars b/c the west could outlast anyone. Model for Dr. Strangelove. "Mutually Assured Destruction" (MAD)
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Nathan Glazer
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Believes that behind the Left-Wing is anti-Semitism. Leads Jewish professors to rediscover judaism.
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Saul Bellows
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Novelist. Colleague and friend of Bloom. Wrote "Mr. Sandler's Planet" about Jewish fears of Blacks in cities. This was disastrous for liberalism.
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The Silent Majority
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White ethnics and working class who are angry at the New Left. Anger attributed to busing, radicalism, expanding state and welfare. Neocons see themselves as the spokespeople for the silent majority.
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George Wallace
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Old-school populist Democrat and segregationist. Governor of Alabama. Ran for president numerous times, as a dem in '64, '72 and '76 and independent in '68. Got a lot of the vote in '68-white working class people who didn't want busing.
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Vatican II
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Series of reforms in the 1960s that were upsetting to white ethnics
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Edward Banfield
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Author of the Heavenly City, which said that urban problems were not getting worse but that talking about crisis might cause them to be. Believed there was a lower class that would always be lower class and that couldn't be helped out by the government. Controversial ideas like taking away minimum wage, lower school leaving age to 14, pay "problem families" to send children to nurseries. Book was a bestseller, and a hit among conservatives.
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James Q. Wilson
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Looks at the city through a working class lense, writings on crime that believe solving surface problems, like graffiti, is a way to reduce crime not by addressing the root issues of poverty and racism
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Neocon
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Term invented by Michael Harrington. "Renegade socialist." At first, the neocons don't like this term, then they embrace it. Neocons are not just new conservatives. They don't agree with traditionalists b/c they like the modern age and they don't agree with libertarians b/c they still see the need for the state, accept welfare state as a given. However, they believe the government, through welfare, corrupts the virtue of its recipients. Belief that government does have a role to play in shaping virtue.This allows them to see eye-to eye w/ the religious right. "Law of Unintended Consequences."
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Coalition for Democratic Majority
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Founded by neocons--Jean Kirkpatrick and Henry M. Jackson (Scoop Jackson). Want to call the democratic party back to vital centrism. they are liberal but they take a hard line on the USSR. Don't believe in rollback, but believe in aggression. See a distinction between authoritarian (more likely to be flexible) and totalitarian (communists)
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Rippon Society
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Founded in the 1960s, against Goldwater. Moderate Republicans.
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Betty Friedan
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"The Feminine Mystique" Founded NOW in 1966.
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John Ashbrooke
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Congressman from Ohio who made a primary challenge to Nixon in 1972 from the Far Right.
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Murray Rothbard
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Libertarian economist, who had been an active member of the New Right but ends up forming a coalition with anti-war leftists. Blames Buckley for taking over the Right and making it into something that is un-American, European stress on aristocracy. "anarcho-capitalist"
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Karl Hesse
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Another libertarian turned New Left activist. Goldwater speechwriter. Founded Left and Right: A Journal of Libertarian Thought with Rothbard.
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Paul Weyrich
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Founded the Heritage Society. Also helped put together the moral majority, which was important b/c he was a Catholic. Most important theortician of New Right.
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Arthur Laffer
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Economist at USC. Home of supply-side economics. Belief that if you tax investment and savings you will get less in return. Byproduct of Sayles Law-supply creates its own demand.
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Rusas John Rush Doony
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Launched the Christian home schooling program, which taught a Christian history of the U.S. There is no separation between church and state. Took a providential view of the U.S., this is god's country and Americans are agents of god.
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Francis Schaffer
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Follower of Doony. Sets up shop in Switzerland which becomes sort of like a madrasa for the new generation of the religious right
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Francis Fukuyama
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"The End of History?" published in neocon magazine. Said conservatives were right all along, we confronted communists and we won, now there is nothing to challenge the west, there will be no more large wars. This article caused a roar, gave conservatives the credit for winning the cold war.
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Democratic Leadership Committee
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Founded in 1984 in response to the landslide election. Felt the party had to be remade as more centrist. Al Gore and Bill Clinton were the spokesmen for this movement. Adopted 2 conservative principles: hostility to the government and belief in the free market. They created a surplus, ended welfare, cut federal employees
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Marvin Olasky
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Wrote the Tragedy of American Compassion. This is where the idea of compassionate conservative comes from. The idea that conservatives actually have more heary than liberals, they just believe the government is the wrong vehicle for getting this stuff done. When Bush creates the white house office of Faith Based Initiatives, Olasky gets a position there.
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Jeffrey Hart
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Conservative columnist. Attacks Bush as not really being a conservative. Because he has expanded the reach and size of government, says the Christian right isn't really "right" and says the Iraq War is utopian. Calls for a re-nationalization of politics
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Christopher DeMuth
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Head of the American Enterprise Institute. Helps Rippon Society come up with ideas of soft power (using the appeal of the American way of life), re-privatization
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Jack Kemp
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Congressman from Buffalo. Sponsored the Reagan tax cuts. Proponent of supply side enonomics. Kemp-Roth tax bill.
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George Gilder
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Wrote Wealth and Poverty--linked traditional moral values to supply side economics. Many disorders of family life caused by high taxes. "Moral decay came from a decline in popular belief in the capitalist idea."
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