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92 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is an enlightened despot?
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Absolute ruler who uses enlightenment ideas to better society and gain power
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Describe what a constitutional government is?
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government ruled by laws
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who gives each ruler their divine power?
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pope
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who thought people were naturally greedy and bad?
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thomas hobbes
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what is divine right?
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the right that some1 is ordained by God to rule
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who believed in natural rights and that the government was responsible for upholding these rights?
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John Locke
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What is it called when someone gives up their freedom in exchange for the structure of society?
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Social contract
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What are the rights called that we are guaranteed by birth?
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natural rights.
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these are the people monarchs fear most?
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nobles
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these people are the most but aren't the biggest threat to the monarch?
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peasants
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which political party was the most conservative, liked the king and believed in the anglican church?
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tories
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which absolute ruler had a virgin contest to determine his bride?
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Ivan the terrible
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which absolute ruler was so fond of gold that he built a 10,000 room palace full of it?
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Louis XIV
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Which absolute ruler dressed like a peasant to get close to the peasants and observe them?
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Joseph II of austria
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Which absolute ruler had lover kill spouse?
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catherine the great
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Which absolute ruler lost Armada trying to attack England?
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Phillip of spain.
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Which absolute ruler was fond of arts and was disliked by his father?
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frederic the great
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which Absolute rurler was beheaded, ending his reign?
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Charles I
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What napoleon established to help fight off british
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continental system
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Which absolute ruler was 6'8" tall
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peter the great
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who were the bourgeousie?
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top of the 3rd estate, upper middle class
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what were the cahiers
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notebook of grievances made by each estate for Lous XVI
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who were responsible for the reign of terror?
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committee of public saffety
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First Prime minister of england
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robert walpole
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any girl prime ministers? and if so who?
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Margaret thatcher
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What napoleon did to other countries in europe?
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annexed
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Wore knee breeches and supported the Jacobins
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sans-culottes
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what is estates general
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all estates called to help king
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napoleons last major defeat
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Battle of Waterloo
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Constitution of 1795 established what?
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directory
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first physical action of revolution
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storming of the bastille
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who exiled napoleon and where was he exiled to?
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congress of vienna to Elba and St. Helena
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Jacobin leader
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Robespierre
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movement to cities and build up of them is called...
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urbanization
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people of this movement believed that salvation could be achieved by good deeds.
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social gospel
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these people believed nature is beautiful, that they should get in touch with emotions, and go away from the enlightenment.
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romantiscist
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movement to get women the right to vote
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women's suffrage
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what are the haves and have nots?
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haves-bourgeouisie
have nots-proletariat |
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list 3 events that led up to the industrial revolution
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agricultural revolution, population explosion, energy revolution
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idea that working class wouldd take over employers creating and equal society
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communism
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thinkers that believed little government intervention is okay as long as the most people were happy
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utilitarians
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marx believed this would have to be successful for communism to occur
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capitalism
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new form of government where all responsibility and wealth of society are spread evenly
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socialism
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what were 2 natural resources that allowed england to start revolution
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iron and coal
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what man believed population was outgrowing food and poor should have less babies
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thomas malthus
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artist tried to capture first glimps of what eye sees
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impressionist
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people tried to capture world as it was
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realists
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believed powers should be separated and there should be checks and balances
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Baron de montesquieu
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who thought people are good until corrupted by society
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jean jacque rousseau
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what are natural laws?
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laws that govern human nature
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what is a salon
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informal social gathering at which writers, artists, and philosphers exchanged ideas.
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what is baroque?
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classical style of art in greek and roman tradition, often huge colorful and full of excitement.
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what is rococo?
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art that was personal, refined, elegent, and charming.
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what is a constituional government?
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government whose power is defined and limited by law
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what is the prime minister?
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head of cabinet in a parliamentary government, usually thte leader of the largest party in the legislature.
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Who were the bourgeoisie?
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the middle class
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what was the tennis court oath?
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an oath saying that they would not disband until a constitution was formed for france.
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who were the emigres?
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the nobles and clergymen who fled the french revolution
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what is nationalism?
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feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country
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who was napoleon?
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military person from corsica who eventually rose to leader of france.
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what is a plebiscite?
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a ballot where voters either say yes or no to an issue.
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what was the napoleonic code?
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embodiment of principles like the equality of all citizens before the law, religious toleration, and advancement based on merit.
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what is a blockade?
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the shuhtting off of a port to keep people or supplies from going in or out.
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what is laissez faire?
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policy allow business tot operate with little or no government interference
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who are physiocrats?
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an enlightenment thinker who searched for natural laws to explain economics.
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what is a philosophe?
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enlightenment thinker who tried to apply the methods of science to improve society.
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what is guerilla warfare?
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fighting carried on through hit and run raids.
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what is abdicating?
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stepping down from a position of power.
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what is legitimacy?
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principle that removed monarchies.
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what is an enclosure?
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process of taking and fencing off public lands.
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what is a factory?
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place wwhere workerees and machines produced large amount of goods.
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what are natural and human resources?
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natural:supplies like wood, iron, and ore.
human:manpower for a workforce. |
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what is a turnpike?
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privately owned road that charges a fee to people who use it.
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what is child labor?
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having children work at a young age.
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what are unions?
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workers in a group to make sure they are treated fairly
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what are interchangeable parts?
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parts that could be used in place of one another
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what is the assembly line?
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where parts were added one at a time so it increased production rate and made it cheaper.
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what is the bessemer process?
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process used to make iron into more durrable, more harder and lighter steel.
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what is the horseless carriage?
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carriage driven by a gasoline powered combustion engine
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what are corporations?
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businesses that are owned by many investors who buy shares of stocks.
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what is a cartel?
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an association to fix prices, set production quotas, or divide up markets.
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What is social Darwinism?
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the idea of survival of the fittest applied to war and economic competition.
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who is otto von bismarck?
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prime minister of prussia that united german states under prussian rule.
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what is the chancellor?
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Bismarck was the chancellor that wanted to keep france week while he built strong links with Austria and Russia.
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Who is William I?
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King of Prussia that caused war with france.
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what is a kaiser?
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the leader or president of germany.
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Who is Giuseppe Mazzini?
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revolutionary devoted to the cause of italian unity.
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What is young italy?
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a secret society thats goals were to constitute Italy, one, free, independent, republican nation.
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Who is Camillo Cavour?
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The new prime ministor of sardinia, wanted to make economy better and add land to italy.
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Who is Giuseppe Garibaldi?
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person that wanted to create and italian republic, recruited 100 volunteers and conquered italy from the bottom, these were called the red shirts.
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Who is victtor Emmanuel II?
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The first king of Italy crowned in 1861.
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What is an anarchist?
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People who want to abolish all government.
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