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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Renaissance
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rebirth of culture
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Medici Family
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powerful italian patronage, patron family of the arts in flourence
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Patronage
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rich middle and upperclass people pay for artisans to create there works
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Gutenberg
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invents the first movable type printing press, spread of ideas throughout the world
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Pope Leo X
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dissagrees with martin luther
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John Calvin
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creates calvinism, beleif in predestination
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Predestination
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john Calvin, god is the all powerful, all knowing
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Ninety-Five Theses
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Martin Luther made this...complaints on indulengences(paying money to forgive sins)
Simony (paying money for church relics or position) The clergy are not the only people who could convey the message of god |
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henry VIII
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english noble that broke away from the catholic church
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Columbus
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found the carabbain 1492
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voltair
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freedom of speech
pro science anti-religion "i may not agree with what you say, but i will die for your right to say it." |
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Hobbes
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believed in an enlightened despot
-an absolute monarch who believed the ideas os the enlightenment |
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Erasmus
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most important humanist of the renissance
(humanism-the beleif that humans are important and should sepnd their time living) |
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Ignatius of Loyola
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founder of the jesuits
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Council of Trent
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a meeting of all the high clergy or church officials, that dicide what to do about the refermation
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Phillip II
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spanish monarch during most importantmonarch in spanish history
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Cervantes
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DonQuixote (book)
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tutors
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believed in devine right
-reconized values and good relation with parlament -henry VIII consulted with parlament -Elizabeth I consulted and controled parlament |
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Romanov
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ruled russia for 300 years
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bacon
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english inventor of the scientific method
1.)observe 2.) hypothesis 3.) experement and record |
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galileo
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italian inventor of the telescope, punished for disagreement with the church
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Locke
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tabla rase-blank slate
natural rights-life liberty property |
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Montesquieu
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seperation of powers
executive legislative judicial -check and balences, not one person had all the power |
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Enlightenment
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period of time where thinkers in europe question the goverment
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Absolutism
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form of goverment with unlimited power held by one indevidual or group
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Divine Right
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belief that someone has absolute power because they were given the right by god
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kepler
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thery of eliptical orbit,
belief that the planets that orbit around the sun not in a circular pattern but an ovel, like egg-shaped, he came up with the ptolemaic system |
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dideot
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come up with the encyclopedia
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scientific revolution
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revolution in human understanding and knowledge about the physical universe
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Thirty Years War
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was political, religious, and civil
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Catherine or catherine the great
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queen of russia
-efficent, energetic, absolute monarch -reorganized the goverment, new laws, public education for boys and girls -encouraged westernization -got a warm weather port in the black sea -got half of poland -special privledges to boyers |
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estates general
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3 estates
-first estate (the clergy) -second estate (the nobles) -third estate (tnspeople and peasants) teh meeting , the first french parliament one vote for each estate, first and second usually agreed, and outvoted third estate |
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The great fear
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rebellion spreads
peasents destroy countryside only part of the revolution outside of paris |
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March of the women
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starving women march to versilles for food, causes louis XVI to move back to paris
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reign of terror
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period of time with the most beheading...many excutions
death of robespierre |
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bastille day
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french independence day
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Robespierre
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in charge of reign of terror
lawyer radical leader of the commitee of public safty |
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Napoleon
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took control of this revolutionary goveryment... the directory
ends french revolution |
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directory
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premoted middle class interests
fiancial crisis food shortages riots in paris rise of napoleon |
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committee of public safety
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robspeirres govererment that caused the reign of terror
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cromwell
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winner of the english civil war...leads roundheads supported by parlament
wins, exucates the king, becomes lord protector, rules under martial law(military dictatorship) |
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glorious revolution
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last part of the english civil war
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cavilers
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lead by charles I, supported by loyalists, english civel war
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roundheads
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supported by parlament, lead by cromwell, english civel war
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declaration of independence
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official declaration of war, july 4th
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declaration of the rights of man
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FRANCE...french righs, outlined basic freedoms
freedom, equality, brotherhood |
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Rousseau
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believed in social contract between people and their goverment,
believed making themselves unhappy with modernization |
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social contract
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principles of political right, rousseau
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impressionism
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this art movement focuses mainly on light and color
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realism
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art which mirriors what is acctually going on in the world, gritty, real
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symbolism
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this artistic movementbeleived in showing symbols of ideas rather than representation
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romanticism
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shows past nature in a glorified way
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problems with the industrial revolution
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womens lower pay, child labor, bad working conditions
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communism
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economic system, evenly shared wealth
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morse
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the telegraph (transmits electric beeps with morse code) revolutionized communication
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marx
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communism, class struggle
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watt
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steam engine
increased efficiancy |
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bentham
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utilitarianism: the greatest goof for the most people or greatest good over the least pain
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cortez
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spanish expoloer conqoured mexico
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third estate
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people that had the most to gain from the french revolution
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England or Great Britain
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emmeerges as a world power after the industrial revolution
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martin luther
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95 thesis protested catholic church
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columbus
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italian explorer discovered the caribbean for the europeans
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petition of right
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ENGLAND...early english document trying to get rights
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Marat
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french revolutionary leader
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totalitarianism
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dictatorship granting one person absolute power
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da vinci
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renassance man, painter, sculpter, write etc...
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treaty of westphalia
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ends 30 years war, grants religious tolleration
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brueghel
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flemish painter was the first to paint common people
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Louis XIV
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build palise of versilles
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Louis XVI
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king of france during the french revoluution
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peter I
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leader of russia, tried to modenerize it, changed the capitel
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james I
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sturet king of england, could not work well with parlament
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danton
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leader of the german grodinists
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marat
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french revlutionary leader
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Bill of rights
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USA...american statement of rights
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wright brothers
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developed flight
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einstein
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modern physicist, theroy of reletivity
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bell
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alexander grandbell, invented the telephone
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trevithick
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creator of an early train engine
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socialism
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high taxes!
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capitalism
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competition for wealth
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totalitarianism
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dictatorship granting one person absolute power
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italy
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where the renassance was born
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smith
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developes economic system of free market capitalism
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Louis XIII
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weak french leader aided by cardianl risheliou
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third estate
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people that had the most to gain from the french revolution
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