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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Saljuq Turks
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11th - 14th century, defeated Byzantines in Anatolia in 1071. First large scale conversion to Islam, migrated to Iran with hopes of improving their fortunes through alliance with Abbasids. After defeating Byzantines they restricted church activities in order to promote Islam.
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Chinggis Khan
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12th-13th century born in 1167, united Mongol Tribes. Central Asia, northern China, Persia. Broke up tribes and forced men to join new military units. Chose military positions based on loyalty. If people resisted, they slaughtered whole populations to make an example of them. If they surrendered, mongols were generous with new populations.
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Khubilai Khan
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1260-1294. Consolidated Mongol rule in China and established Yuan dynasty there. Promoted Buddhism and was kind to subjects.
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Tamerlane
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1336-1405, Persia. Attacked Golden Horde as well. Skilled conqueror, not governor.
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Pax Mongolica
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Mongol Empire (China, Eurasian Landmass, Europe). 13th and 14th centuries. Period of stability that unified and consolidated the empire. Increased communication and commerce. Silk Road trade route. Technological advancements, gunpowder and paper money.
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Axum
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African Kingdom centered in Ethiopia. 4th century CE. Center for Christianity. Resisted efforts of arab conquerors to convert to Islam.
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Delhi Sultanate
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Mahmud of Ganzi spearheaded Turks in Afghanistan to raid India. 11th-13th century. Eventually claimed authority over all of northern India. Attacks Hindus and Buddhists, encouraged conversion to Islam.
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Zheng He
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Muslim who was greatly trusted by emperor Zhu Di and lead 7 naval voyages from 1405-1433. Motivated by desire to display power and wealth and to build China's legitimacy, improve imperial control. Ended due to internal problems that outweighed the need for naval power.
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Bubonic Plague
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Mongols in China who spread it through Asia and to Europeans. 1347-1352. Comes from fleas. Attacks lymph nodes. Brought along by caravan routes through Mongol Empire.
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Fernando and Isabel
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1469 Spain. (15th and 16th century) forces expanded to Grenada and beyond Iberia and most of Italy. United two wealthiest and most powerful Iberian realms. Christians completed reconquista under them. They Sponsored Christopher Columbus' quest. They needed a route to the east that would bypass Ottoman Empire. They used their power to consolidate money and resources to fund the expeditions.
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Saljuq Turks
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11th - 14th century, defeated Byzantines in Anatolia in 1071. First large scale conversion to Islam, migrated to Iran with hopes of improving their fortunes through alliance with Abbasids. After defeating Byzantines they restricted church activities in order to promote Islam.
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Chinggis Khan
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12th-13th century born in 1167, united Mongol Tribes. Central Asia, northern China, Persia. Broke up tribes and forced men to join new military units. Chose military positions based on loyalty. If people resisted, they slaughtered whole populations to make an example of them. If they surrendered, mongols were generous with new populations.
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Khubilai Khan
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1260-1294. Consolidated Mongol rule in China and established Yuan dynasty there. Promoted Buddhism and was kind to subjects.
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Tamerlane
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1336-1405, Persia. Attacked Golden Horde as well. Skilled conqueror, not governor.
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Pax Mongolica
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Mongol Empire (China, Eurasian Landmass, Europe). 13th and 14th centuries. Period of stability that unified and consolidated the empire. Increased communication and commerce. Silk Road trade route. Technological advancements, gunpowder and paper money.
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Axum
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African Kingdom centered in Ethiopia. 4th century CE. Center for Christianity. Resisted efforts of arab conquerors to convert to Islam.
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Delhi Sultanate
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Mahmud of Ganzi spearheaded Turks in Afghanistan to raid India. 11th-13th century. Eventually claimed authority over all of northern India. Attacks Hindus and Buddhists, encouraged conversion to Islam.
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Zheng He
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Muslim who was greatly trusted by emperor Zhu Di and lead 7 naval voyages from 1405-1433. Motivated by desire to display power and wealth and to build China's legitimacy, improve imperial control. Ended due to internal problems that outweighed the need for naval power.
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Bubonic Plague
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Mongols in China who spread it through Asia and to Europeans. 1347-1352. Comes from fleas. Attacks lymph nodes. Brought along by caravan routes through Mongol Empire.
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Fernando and Isabel
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1469 Spain. (15th and 16th century) forces expanded to Grenada and beyond Iberia and most of Italy. United two wealthiest and most powerful Iberian realms. Christians completed reconquista under them. They Sponsored Christopher Columbus' quest. They needed a route to the east that would bypass Ottoman Empire. They used their power to consolidate money and resources to fund the expeditions.
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Saljuq Turks
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11th - 14th century, defeated Byzantines in Anatolia in 1071. First large scale conversion to Islam, migrated to Iran with hopes of improving their fortunes through alliance with Abbasids. After defeating Byzantines they restricted church activities in order to promote Islam.
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Chinggis Khan
|
12th-13th century born in 1167, united Mongol Tribes. Central Asia, northern China, Persia. Broke up tribes and forced men to join new military units. Chose military positions based on loyalty. If people resisted, they slaughtered whole populations to make an example of them. If they surrendered, mongols were generous with new populations.
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Khubilai Khan
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1260-1294. Consolidated Mongol rule in China and established Yuan dynasty there. Promoted Buddhism and was kind to subjects.
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Tamerlane
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1336-1405, Persia. Attacked Golden Horde as well. Skilled conqueror, not governor.
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Pax Mongolica
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Mongol Empire (China, Eurasian Landmass, Europe). 13th and 14th centuries. Period of stability that unified and consolidated the empire. Increased communication and commerce. Silk Road trade route. Technological advancements, gunpowder and paper money.
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Axum
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African Kingdom centered in Ethiopia. 4th century CE. Center for Christianity. Resisted efforts of arab conquerors to convert to Islam.
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Delhi Sultanate
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Mahmud of Ganzi spearheaded Turks in Afghanistan to raid India. 11th-13th century. Eventually claimed authority over all of northern India. Attacks Hindus and Buddhists, encouraged conversion to Islam.
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Zheng He
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Muslim who was greatly trusted by emperor Zhu Di and lead 7 naval voyages from 1405-1433. Motivated by desire to display power and wealth and to build China's legitimacy, improve imperial control. Ended due to internal problems that outweighed the need for naval power.
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Bubonic Plague
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Mongols in China who spread it through Asia and to Europeans. 1347-1352. Comes from fleas. Attacks lymph nodes. Brought along by caravan routes through Mongol Empire.
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Fernando and Isabel
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1469 Spain. (15th and 16th century) forces expanded to Grenada and beyond Iberia and most of Italy. United two wealthiest and most powerful Iberian realms. Christians completed reconquista under them. They Sponsored Christopher Columbus' quest. They needed a route to the east that would bypass Ottoman Empire. They used their power to consolidate money and resources to fund the expeditions.
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Olmecs
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Earlier Mesoamerican culture. 1200-1400 BCE. Built around 3 different Urban Centers: Tres Zapotes, La Venta, San Lorenzo. Domestication of vegetables. Large scale building projects of temples, pyramids, altars, irrigation. Territory was geographically diverse, incorporating lowlands and mountains. Able to control access to goods and materials and promoted trade between regions. Laid groundwork for future Mesoamerican cultures. Destroyed temples.
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Maya
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300-800 CE. Mesoamerica. Had large scale urban centers and powerful cities that controlled smaller cities. Ruler was also a theological leader. Impressive temples and decorations. Incredibly accurate calendar. Phonetic language. Accurate astronomy. Good math - came up with decimal and zero.
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Tenochtitlan
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Aztecs built capital here 1345. Eagle on cactus justified settlement. chinampas helped utilize marshy land. Easily defensible land
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Aztec Empire
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1300-1500. Linked toether by loose kinship networks (capulli) and loosely organized family ties. Used tribute from subject people, good trade relationships, just brutality helped them to rise to power. Human sacrifice to god Huitzliopochtli, Capulli replaced by social and administrative units.
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Inca Empire
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13th-16th century. Largest state built in South America. Incredible communication and adminstration. Taxes used to support rulers. Manipulated local organizations (ayllu). Every town had an ayllu and the Inca came in and took over this labor service and used it to build impressive terraces, irrigation systems, bridges, roads. Advanced engineering and math. Long distance trade under government control. Language of Quechua and Quipu record keeping system. Society built on the past. Centralized political power.
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Mexica
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Aztecs. 1300-1500.
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Gunpowder
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Chinese and Mongols. Developed in 9th-12th century by Chinese. Reached Europe by way of Mongols.
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Tribute Trade System
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Aztecs - used it for captured people. needed bodies to sacrifice. prisoners of war were used. Did not have elaborate bureaucracy or administration so used this to try to control empire. Main economic structure.
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Treasure Ship Voyages
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1405-1433. Sponsored by Ming government. Zheng He.
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Prince Henry the Navigator
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Prince of Portugal, 1394-1460. He was from Portugal and explored Atlantic Ocean. Early development of European exploration and maritime trade and spreading Christianity. Allowed free movement of Roman Catholic Christianity through Strait of Gibraltar.
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