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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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On what date did Columbus catch sight of land?
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October 12, 1492
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Ferdinand Magellan
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Sailed around southern end of South America into waters of the Pacific. Was killed by the locals in Phillipines.
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Hernando Cortes
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First to land in Mexico. Captured Montezuma.
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Fransisco Pizarro
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Conquered the Inca Empire
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Bartholomiew Dias
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Portuguese explorer who sought to spread Christianity.
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Prince Henry
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Son of Portugal's king, supported exploration, founded a school, died before his father.
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Vasco da Gama
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Reached Calicut, India
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Treaty of Tordesillos
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Said that Spain and Portugal would honor the territorial line.
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Mestizo
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Large population of Native American and Spanish.
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Alfonoso de Albuquerque
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Convinced Portuguese to conquer Malacca.
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Atahualpa
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Incan king, strangled by Spanish after being captured.
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Encomienda
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System where Native Americans worked for Spaniards.
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What did Columbus call the Native Americans?
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Los indios
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On what date did Columbus catch sight of American land?
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October 12, 1492
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What was the name of the group Columbus saw first in the Bahamas?
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Taino
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What did Columbus name America?
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San Salvador (Holy Savior)
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What are colonies?
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Lands that are controlled by another nation.
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What did Pedro Alvares Cabral do?
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Landed and claimed modern day Brazil.
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Who was Amerigo Vespucci?
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An Italian in the service of Portugal who also landed in South America.
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What did Vaso Nunez de Balboa do?
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Marched through Panama.
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How many men of Magellan's crew returned and when?
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18 men in 1522.
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Who were the first European settlers in the Americas?
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The Spanish
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What was the Aztec Capital?
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Tenochtitlan
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Who was Montezuma II?
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Aztec Emperor
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When did Cortes conquer the Aztecs?
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1521
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Who was Cortes' translator?
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Malinche
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What was the Incan capital?
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Cuzco
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What were Spanish settlers to the Americas called?
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Peninsulares
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What did Brazil do?
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Stayed out of Spanish control.
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Juan Ponce de Leon
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Claimed Florida for Spain.
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Pedro de Peralta
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Governor of Santa Fe; built Santa Fe.
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What does Santa Fe mean?
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Holy Faith
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What was the main reason for European exploration?
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The desire for new sources of wealth.
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Who controlled the trade of goods from east to west?
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The Muslims and Italians
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What was a caravel?
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An advanced ship with triangular sails that could sail effectively against the winds.
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What was an astrolabe?
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A brass circle which could tell a captain how close he was to the Equator.
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Who first established trade posts and where?
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Portugal along the west coast of Africa.
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Who explored Africa?
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Dras
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What are the Moluccas also known as?
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The Spice Islands
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What are the Netherlands also known as?
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The Dutch Republic
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Giovanni da Verrazzano
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Found New York Harbor
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Jacques Cartier
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Reached gulf off of Canada and named St. Lawrence River.
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Samuel de Champlain
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Claimed Quebec and founded New France.
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What was Jamestown?
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First English settlement and Canada and in North America.
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What was the French and Indian War, when did it start and end, and what is it also called?
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War fought by the French and English for land; 1754-1763; Seven Years' War.
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What was the Columbian Exchange?
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The global transfer of foods, plants, and animals during the colonization of the Americas.
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What was the Commercial Revolution?
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New trade practices and buisness in Europe.
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Capitalism
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An economic system based on private ownership and the investment of wealth for profit.
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Joint-Stock Company
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Involved a number of people pooling their wealth for a common purpose.
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Mercantilism
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Theory that held that a country's power depended mainly on its wealth.
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Favorable Balance of Trade
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When a nation sells more goods than it buys.
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