History Exam

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Employment opportunities for women increased during WWII because

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so many men had gone off to war

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The Great Depression came to an end in Texas because of

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thousands of jobs created by the defense industry in WWII

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The war with Japan ended after the United States

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dropped two atomic bombs on Japanese cities

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Oil prices rose sharply in the 1970's and the Texas oil business boomed, after

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OPEC banned oil shipments to the US in 1973 for political reasons

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President Lyndon Johnson decided not to run re-election in 1968 because

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increasing opposition to Vietnam war had sharply divided the country

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In 1957 the Soviet Union began the space race with the launch of

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Sputnik

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NASA based its astronauts in

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Houston

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Gilmer-Aikin Laws

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bill that provided for an elected board of education and the Texas Education Agency who would oversee Texas public education

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Oveta Culp Hobby

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the Houston commander of WAAC's (Women's Auxiliary Army Corps)

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Aerospace

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the industry that manufactured airplanes and missles during Cold War era which boosted the Texas economy

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Chexter W. Nimitz

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the Texan from Fredericksburg who commanded the Pacific Fleet in WWII

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Allan Shivers

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along with Texas Attorny General, Price Daniels, was governor who successfully defended Texas' ownership of its tidelands against U.S. in 1950 before the Supreme Court

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The Holocaust

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the Nazi effort to destroy Jews of Europe

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Audie Murphy

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the Texan from Hunt County who was the most decorated soilder of WWII

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GI Bill of Rights

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a program, also known as Servicemen's Readjustment Act, which provided unemployment payments, low-interest loans, and money for college for military veterans

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Doris Miller

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a sailor from Waco who recieved Navy Cross for bravery at Pearl Harbor

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Dwight D. Eisenhower

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the Texas commander from Denison who commanded all Allied forces in Europe

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Buddy Holly

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a 1950's rock 'n' roll star from Lubbock, Texas

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Victory Gardens

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Americans' efforts to raise extra food during WWII

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segregation

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the practice of seperating people by race which the U.S government ordered stopped in 1948

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Hector P. Garcia

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the founder of the American GI Forum to protect rights of Hispanics and help veterans with education and health care

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Brown vs. Board of Education 1954

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the lawsuit heard before the U.S. Supreme Court which ruled that separate facilities for different races were by definition unequal and therefore violated the U.S. Constitution

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Sweatt vs. Painter 1946

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the lawsuit heard before the U.S. Supreme Court which ruled that the University of Texas could not segregate its law school by race

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Delgado vs. Bastrop ISD 1948

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the lawsuit filed by GI Forum and LULAC which resulted in the U.S. Supreme Court ruling that segregation of Hispanic children in public schools was unconstitutional

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Nonviolent Resistance

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the practice Martin Luther King Jr. used to protest racial dicrimination

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James Farmer

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founder and later director of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE); organized freedom rides

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Tonkin Gulf Resolution

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act of Congress that gave authority for President Johnson to send troops into Combat in Vietnam

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Chicano Movement

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included actions by Hispanics in the 1960's for political change and an end to discrimination

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Barbara Jordan

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elected as state senator in 1966; 1972 was elected to U.S. House of Representatives being the first African American to represent Texas in U.S. Congress

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Civil Rights Act of 1964

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banned segregation in public places and barred employers, unions, or universities with federal government contracts from discriminating on basis of race, sex, religion, or national origin

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Henry B. Gonzalez

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the first Mexican American elected to Texas Senate in 1956; 1961 elected to U.S. House of Represintatives serving for 37 years

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Voting Rights Act

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gave federal government right to check ctate voting procedures to protect citizens' right to vote

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Lyndon B Johnson

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a Texan who became president after President John F. Kennedy's assassination

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Economic Oppurtunity Act

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a Great Society legislation that funded job training and community action programs

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Michael DeBakey

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the Houston surgeon who performed the first coronary arterial bypass operation in 1964

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Sit-Ins

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the 1960's protests that involved refusing to leave a location to end segregation and discrimination

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Denton Cooley

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the Houston Surgeon who performed the first human heart transplant in 1968

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John Tower

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the first Republican elected to the U.S. Senate from Texas since Reconstruction

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NASA

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the agency placed in charge of the U.S space program

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Sunbelt

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the name of the South and Southwest because it offered employment opportunities, a mild winter, climate, and an appealing standard of living

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FDR and the New Deal

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1.President during Great Depression
2.Economic Programs
3.Fought to put people back to work
4.Taught farmers about soil conservation to prevent another Dust Bowl
5.Criticized for power of federal government getting too large and individual liberty being threatened

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LBJ and Great Society

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1.President during Vietnam
2.Fought for equal rights, education, jobs, decent housing
3.Social Reform Program
4.Criticized for federal government spending too much money on social programs and having too much power over states