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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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New Universities
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Context: Pre-progressive era (1860-1900)
Detail: Only 2% of the population was able to access higher education (rich, white males) Colleges had a focus to instruction: a) morals- religious beliefs b) classical education- literature, language Created Land Grant College Act: states' members of congress who went to Washington were granted 30,000 acres of land states could use land to sell and make universities with results- 69 universities from 1862-1900 universities were free and public (middle class/women) unrelated to religion Significance: Inspired students to fix problems in society with education |
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Jane Adams
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Context: Pre-progressive era 1860-1900
Detail: Preprogressive woman in the 1860s Springfield, Illonis Rich background, family ties with Lincoln Inherited a lot of money after father died Dedicate life to helping poor people in cities 1889- bought mansion in Chicago called Hull House Turned Hull House into a settlement house (healthcare, refuge for abused women, educational facility, food for approx. 2,000 people a day) Suporter of immigrant African American labor rights 1931- Nobel Peace Prize Significance: Hero of America, feminist founder of Progressive era |
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Margaret Sanger
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Context: pre-progressive era 1860-1900
Detail: Born into immigrant family Mother died in late 40s Believed death was because of 18 pregnancys Went to college, became nurse Began to work in poor cities in Boston and New York Seperates sexual intercorse from pregnancy Author of "What Every Woman Should Know" Promoted condoms, advicote of birth control Informs public- pamphlets and lectures Left country in 1914 Significance: Hero for womens sexual rights |
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Muckrakers
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Context: Pre-progressive era 1860-1900
Detail: Name origionated from Teddy Roosevelt "Raking through much" Writers exposing America's problems Ida Tarbell- Investigative writer Explained history of American oil by interviewing former employees and family membors Frank Norris- Wrote book called "The Octopus" About Southern Pacific Railroad company running california Jacob Rills- Journalist from Holland Couldnt attain job- Described poverty in "How the Other Half Lives" Significance: Begging America to reform and ispired the progressives to reform the government |
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Trust Busting
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Context: Progressive era 1900-1914
Detail: Created under T. Roosevelt (1901-1908) Federal governments attmept to tame big buisness to protect the consumer Created by ICC (inerstate commerce commission) Regulates utilites: railroads, telephones Any company that violated the Sherman Anti-Trust Act would be prosecuted Busted 42 trusts (including: Northern Securites. JP Morgan, Amercan Tobacco) American Standard Oil Co because 24 individual companies Railroad comapny was broken up Significance: Kills off horizontal intregration, and allows ogolopy |
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The Jungle
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Context: Progressive Era 1900-1914
Detail: Upton Sinclair- idealist/ socialist Inspired consumer protection Meat packing factories (Chicago) Two immmigrant workers: Jursis and Ona Jursis- worked on killing floor, gets injured on job, ona must work Ona gets raped on job, ends up dying Jursis ends up as criminal because for robbery "Aimed for the Heart of the Country but hit the Stomach" Explained the chemicals and gross abuses of meat Government passed Meat Inspection Act: keep companies sanatary "Inspected meat" became advertisement Opened door to buisness/health issues: Pure food and drug act Significance: Inspection prohibited dangerous medicines and gave of power to doctors to regulate distribution Consumer protection |
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John Wesley Powell
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Context: Preprogressive Era 1860-1900/Progressive Era 1900-1914
Detail: Died in 1902 Officer of civil war 1861- amputated right arm from the Battle of Shilo Became Professor of Earth Science Took Students to Estes Parks (Colorado) 1860s- Explored Colorado River (last unexplored place in US) 1869- government/school donations allowed 4 boats and 10 men (brother Brady) Destroyed 25% of supplies in the first week Trip lasted 90 days 3 members left harsh conditions- killed by Native Americans Significance: Hero, explorer Retook trip and mapped grand canyone Founder of National Geographic Society: Geographic mapping of US Ethnographer- Wanted to learn about Native Americans Influenced Progressives Preached Conservation |
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Conservation
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Context: Progressive era 1900-1914
Detail: Conserve and regulate supplies/resources Gifford Pichot- Europ learned about sustainable yield: use resources wisely Significance: Roosevelt created National Forrest (2 million acres) in West because East was destroyed Utalized by people/buisnesses Preservation movement- national parks critical part of Roosevelt Admin |
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Federal Reserve System
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Context: Progressive Era 1900-1914
Detail: 1913- Attempt to regulate economy Led to 2 problems: a) money controlled by wall street banks- bankers controlled money in their interest b) Local bank anarchy- unstable because anyone could own bank, bank robbers Significance: Created district banks Designed to control all printing/circulation (interest rates) Creates baking regulations on loans |
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Disenfranchisement
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Context- Progressive Era (1900-1917)
Detail- Took away voting rights for African Americans in attempt to clean up government Found loopholes in 15th Ammendment Prohibited voting for: illiteracy property requirements poll taxes (require $) Problem: Eliminated votes from white people (1867) Grandfather clause- people could only vote if their relatives were able to vote before the Civil War Understanding clause- Subjective, demonstrate understanding of constitution (1905) Black voting less then 5% in southern states Significance- Created an organized impulse against racism and contributed to the progressive era |
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Homer Plessey
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Context- Progressive Era (1900-1917)
Detail- 1/8% African American Got arrested for purchasing a 1st class car ticket on the train and became Plessy vs. Furgison case (1896) Argued violated 14th Ammendment Supreme court: equal but people could be seperate Significance- Created universal segregation in schools, parks, transportation, grave yards, and hospitals |
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W.E. B. Du Bois
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Context- Preprogressive Era 1877-1900
Detail- (1868-1963) Earned Ph.D. from Harvord in history (1895) sociologist/historian accused of being communist moved to africa 1960 Rejected Washington's call for patience Demanded full racial equality, including the same educational oppertunities 2 experiences in racism: 1. high school dance 2. harvord Significance- New era of African-American activism (1905) held conference at Niagara Falls and formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People By 1914 NAACP had 6 thousand members in 50 branches |
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William Seward
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Context- Rise to World Power (1865-1919)
Detail- Founding father of republican party of U.S. Aberham Lincoln's secretary of state during Civil War Founder of GOP (1867) responsible for purchase of Alaska- last componet of America 7.2 million Thought U.S. would become one of the largest powers and thought all countries would become a part Significance- set motives for global imperialism |
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U.S.S. Maine
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Context- Rise to World Power (1865-1919)
Detail- Battle ship sent to Havana, Cuba to convince cubans that they were wrong after spanish embassador wrote a prive letter insulting pesident McKennely (Feb 15. 1898) 266 of 350 men were killed Many were convinced it was a sabatoge Significance- leads to spanish/american war |
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Brooker T. Washington
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Context- Preprogessive Era 1877-1900
Detail- Responds to racism in offensive manner to African Americans Born in 1856 as slave attended freedmans bureau school wanted to become educator founder of Tuskegee institue of Alabama kept institution going until it became a college praised hard work and patience in Atlanta speech (1895) became popular in white community significance- Contributes to activist presidency (involved gov) Orgion of regulatory state/welfare state |
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Platt Ammendment
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Context- Progressive era 1900-1914
Detail- added in cuba's constitution gives U.S. control of cuba without taking over "neo-colonism" 1. economic control- no foreign lonas without approval 2. foreign policy control 3. full military intervension 4. annex of guantimino Bay Significance-Cubans resented (fidel Castro) represented "anti-american" political views |
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Roosevelt Corollary
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Context- Progressive era 1900-1914
Detail- 1904 addition to monroe doctorine: u.s. would stop colonization of the new world no interference in west hemisphere but- full rights of military intervension significance- allows u.s. to control western hemisphere |
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Lusitania
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context- progressive era 1900-1914
detail- May 7, 1915 largest passanger ship across atlantic (NY to liverpool) sunk by germans in 15 minutes 1198/2000 people died (hyperthermia) significance- horrified americans and declared wy on germany |
