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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Horticulture
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Native Americans in the 15&16th century ate by planning crops such as: corn, squash and beans
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Hybridization
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A process of combining different things to create a new subject
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Maize
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Spanish for “corn”
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Mercantile Capitalism
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in the 16th century plantation systems limited markets for consumer goods
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Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca
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1 of 4 survivors of the 1527 Narvaez expedition, was in slavery for 6 years, refashioned into medicine men, escaped and went up the rio grande
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Esteban/Estevanico
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1 of 4 survivors that traveled with De Vaca across the Northern New Spain
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Encomendero
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governor
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Ecomienda
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the pueblo that was governed by encomendero
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Limpieza de sangre
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“pure blood” catholic Spanish, cleanliness of blood(non-jewish of muslim)-SPAIN
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Pope
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from San Juan- an organized movement to overthrow Spanish
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Reconquest of 1692
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Spanish came back and were able to reoccupy New Mexico with little opposition
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Repartimiento
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volunteer male Indians were assigned projects to help community
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King Phillips War
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Chief of Wampanoag AKA Metacom- conflict between the Native Americans and the English colonists; 3 Wampanoag were killed and 1 Indian, ended up getting hanged which resulting in the start of the world.
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Bacon’s Rebellion 1676
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Nathaniel Bacon was a Virginia settler who led his people against William Berkeley. Virginia shifted policies to supporting arm expansion
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Delaware
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created middle grounds, influenced relationships, and had a weak central power- founded in Scandinavians
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Metis
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mixed race decent- founded in French settlements-several families in 1 house-most Catholics
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Chattel Slavery
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claiming a person as “property”
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African Slave Trade
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began in the 15th century- Portugal imported Africans from Upper Guinea Coast(which started the slave trade- slavery linked continents together- 1492-1820;7.7 million Africans were transported to America
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“Factories”
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English term for the trading post originally established by Europeans- served as a market, warehouse, defense and support to the navigation or exploring.
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Middle Passage
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route from the Atlantic Ocean- apart of the triangular trade which millions of people from Africa to the New World
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Olaudah Equiano
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slaves were forced to eat and exercise-slaves who survived the passage normally died from disease(smallpox&measles)- if the slaves were incurable they would be thrown off the bus- only 5% made it to America
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British American Slavery
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1. Chesapeake- tobacco based plantations
2. Georgia/South Carolina- rice based plantations 3. New England/Middle Colonies- non-plantation slavery |
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French Louisiana slavery
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- Frontier Exchange Economy- constant movement of goods(food) –
- Indians: exchanged corns, beans and meat - Bambara slaves: exchanged rice from their own farms - Europeans: poultry, fruit and tools |
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1662
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Children inherited the status of their mothers
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1691
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law outlawed interracial marriage
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1723
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free blacks lost the right to vote
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Stono Rebellion
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September 9th, 1739- South Carolina slaves resisted, killed about 2 dozen white men and 200 slaves- result of the rebellion= fear of resistance-> brutal treating of slaves
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African Retentions
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18th century the majority of slaves were Africans
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Igbo(from the Bight of Biafra)
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short stature, less desirable because of looks-maintained title system- Igbo slaves “title” gave status of wealth
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Levi Jordan Planation(Brazoria, Texas)
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African practices and pre-emancipation from Congo. Items found: ritual kit, white chalk, animals paws, thermometer, coins, and iron kettles
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Kongo Cosmogram
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symbolizes Congo spirituality, evidence of African healing practicing and maintenance
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Los Indios Barbaros
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- semi nomadic Indians that were scattered
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Equestrians
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nomads whose 18th-19th century territory comprised of the Great Plains
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Treaty of Paris, 1763
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France gave Canada and east of Mississippi to British and France gave Spain to Louisiana
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republicanism
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ideology of governing a society or state as a republic, head of state is appointed by elections
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Sexual Morality
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end of the 18th century people had causal sex, court enforced sex laws, 53% of criminal prosecution from pre-marital sex
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Nonimportation associations(women’s participation)
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wouldn’t import British goods
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Lord Dunmore
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Freedom of slaves (proclamation) offered freedom of slaves who abandoned their patriot masters to join the British
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Thomas Paine
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wrote Common Sense(a 50 page book, sold 150,000 copies, used more common language)- attacked British government and monarchy, pushed democratic system
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Declaration of Independence
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July 4th, 1776; anti- slavery clause, power sense of govern if threatened has right to alter it, Thomas Jefferson wrote the original draft
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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lands will be divided into townships, of 6 miles square by lines running due north and south- occurring on Indian land- ordered in defined way- maintained/owning- very individualized&bounded
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NorthWest Ordinance of 1787
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divided into districts-established governor and government, had veto power and was able to select laws, 60,000+ population could be added to the states- slavery was prohibited- major achievement of confederation government
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Indian Intercourse Act 1790
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legal distinction of the law in the states VS Indians law- they were under their own law(Indians were), promoting private property
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Shay’s Rebellion
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expression of farmers decent- faced huge debt- didn’t pay taxes for Massachusetts- states closed courts in response to farmers- army sent out, 100 people got arrested- gov chose to protect that elite property
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3/5 compromise
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recognized blacks as 3/5 of a person when it came to population, allowed south to exercise greater power in national affairs
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Republican Motherhood
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20th century term for an attitude toward women’s roles emerging in the US. Reinforced the idea of a domestic women’s sphere separate from the public world of men, encouraged education of women
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Greensboro Female College(NC)
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in 1846 it was the first college to open its doors to females, in 1950’s it became coeducational
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New Orleans
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was a part of the Louisiana Purchase in 1803- US paid 15 million dollars for this territory from the New France. This territory contained 15 U.S states and 2 Canadian provinces
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Republican Agrarianism
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created by Thomas Jefferson, envisioned a world filled with small farms all supporting each other in a informal, semi-socialist setting. This would be supplemented by Republican legislation- VERY anti-federalist
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Empire of Liberty
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Developed by Thomas Jefferson to identify America’s world responsibility to spread freedom across the globe. Jefferson saw America’s mission as an example, expansion into the west and by intervention
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Meriwether Lewis & William Clark
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the famous expedition from 1804-1806- explore and map the newly acquired territory, by following the Missouri river northwest(see if it was connected to the Columbia river), which followed the Pacific Ocean. Second goal: to study plants, animal life, geography and other natural resources.
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Touissaint Charbonneau
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March 20th, 1767- August 12th, 1843; a French-Canadian explorer and trader and apart of the Lewis and Clark expedition. AKA the husband of Sacagawea
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Sacagawea(Shoshone)
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was a Lemhi Shoshone woman, who accompanied the Lewis and Clark expedition acting as their guide and interpreter as they traveled from North Dakota and to the Pacific Ocean
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