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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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superpowers
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nations stronger than other powerful nations (soviet union and US)
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anti-ballistic missiles (ABMs)
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missiles that could shoot down other missiles from hostile countries. these were limited/ outlawed
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President Ronald Reagan
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launched a program to build a 'star wars' missile defense against nuclear attack. critics said it would violate the ABM but they still signed START to reduce arms
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detente
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or relaxation of tensions during the 1970s. the americans tried to restrain the soviets through agreements rather than military means, but it was ruined when the SU invaded afganistan
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Fidel Castro
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organized an armed rebellion against the corrupt cuban dictator who took over the gov, changing it to communism and severly limiting ppl's rights
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John F Kennedy
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us president who supported an invasion attempt by cuban exiles. the bay of pigs invasion failed, but the us imposed a trade embargo (blockade) on cuba
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ideology
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value sys/ beliefs. communists sought to spread theirs world wide
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nikita khrushchev
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took over after stalin's death, closing prison camps and easing censorship
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leonid brezhnev
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nikita's succesor. critics of him were arrested
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containment
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the us's strategy of keeping communism within its existing borders, and back any gov facing invasion
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recessions
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periods when the economy shrinks. very short and mild in the US because of its booming economy after WWII
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suburbanization
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ppl moving to the outskirts of cities b/c they were more affluent
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segregation
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forced seporation in ed and housing
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discrimination
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unequal treatment or barriors in jobs and voting
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dr martin luther king jr
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gifted preecher who led the civil rights movement
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konrad adenauer
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west germany's chancellor who rebuilt trade and cities, creating a booming industrial economy
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welfare state
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a country with a market economy but with increased gov responsibility for the social and economic needs of its ppl
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european community
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an organization dedicated to establishing free trade among member nations for all proucts
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gross domestic product (GDP)
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the total value of all goods and services produced in a nation within a year. this soared in japan because it rebuilt very efficiently and modernly
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collectivization
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the forced pooling of peasant land and labor in an attempt to increase productivity (Mao's communist china)
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great leap forward
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mao's program which urged ppl to make a superhuman effort to increase farm and industrial output. it failed b/c all the goods that were produced were low quality and ppl forgot to farm = starvation
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cultural revolution
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mao's program to purge china of bourgeois tendencies, and for the young to participate in the revolution, attacking bourgeois
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38th parallel
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line where the soviets and the us divided korea after WWII
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kim II sung
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dictator who ruled N korea
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syngman rhee
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noncommunist leader of S korea
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pusan perimeter
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the united nations finally stopped the N advance into S korea here
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demilitarized zone
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an area with no military forces near the 38th parallel
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guerrillas
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small groups of losely organized soldiers making surprise raids
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ho chi minh
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a nationalist and communist who had fought the japanese and then the french in french indochina
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dienbienphu
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battle where ho chi minh convinced the french to leave vietnam
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domino theory
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the view that a communist victory in S vietnam would cause noncommunist govs across SE asia to fall to communism
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viet cong
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the communist rebels trying to overthrow S vietnam's gov
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tet offensive
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N vietnam attacked S cities, marking a turning point in public opinion in the US
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khmer rouge
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a force of cambodian communist guerrillas who gained ground in cambodia and then finally overthrew the gov
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pol pot
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brutal dictator of cambodia who let the khmer rouge unleash a reign of terror
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mujahedin
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muslim religious warriors of afganistan
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mikhail gorbachev
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new leader of the soviet union who pulled his troops out of afganistan, eased censorship, and unrestricted the gov/economy. these reforms failed and he was forced to resign
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glasnost
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openness (ending censorship)
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perestroika
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restructuring the gov and economy
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lech walesa
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led the polish in rebellion against the soviet union
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solidarity
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polish independant labor union
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vaclav havel
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a dissident writer and human rights activist of czech was elected president
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nicolae ceausescu
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romania's longtime dictator who refused to resign. he was overthrown and executed
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