History Chpt 1 Section: 1-3

Front 1

Environment

Back 1

all of the surrounding and conditions that affect lving things, such as water, soil, and air

Front 2

Orbit

Back 2

the path followed by an object in space as it moves around another; such as Earth as it moves around the sun

Front 3

Revolution

Back 3

one complete orbit of the Earth around the sun, the Earth completes one revolution every 365.25 days or one year

Front 4

Axis

Back 4

an imaginary line line around which a planet turns; the Earth turns around an axis between its North and South poles

Front 5

Rotation

Back 5

the spinning motion of Earth, like a top on its axis; Earth takes about 24 hours they rotate one time

Front 6

Equator

Back 6

an imaginary line that circle the globe at its widest point (halfway between the North and South poles), dividing the Earth into two halves, called hemisphere; used as reference point from from which north and south latitudes are measured

Front 7

Tropic of Cancer

Back 7

(23.5 degrees North) the northern of tropics, or the band of Earth that recieves the most direct light and heat energy from the sun; such a region of both sides of the Equator

Front 8

Tropic of Capricorn

Back 8

(23.5 degrees South) the location boundary of the tropics

Front 9

Arctic Circle

Back 9

(66 degrees North) line of latitude around the Earth near the North pole

Front 10

Antarctic Circle

Back 10

(66 degrees South) line of latitude around the Earth near the South pole

Front 11

Latitude

Back 11

an imaginary line, also called a parrell, that circles the Earth parrellel to the Equator; used to measure distance north or south of the Equator

Front 12

Low latitudes

Back 12

the region between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

Front 13

Middle Latitudes

Back 13

the region between the Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle

Front 14

Geography

Back 14

the study of the Earth's surface and the proccesses that shape it, the connections between places, and the relationships between people and their enviroment

Front 15

Parrellel

Back 15

in geography, any of the the imaginary lines that circle the Earth parrelel to the Equator; also called latitude lines

Front 16

Degree

Back 16

a unit of measure used to determine absolute location; on globes and maps, latitude and longitude are measured in degress

Front 17

Longitude

Back 17

an imaginary line, also called meridian, that runs north and south from one pole to another; used to measure a distance east and west of the Prime Meridian in degrees

Front 18

Meridian

Back 18

an imaginary line that circle the gobe from north and south and runs through both the North and South poles; the lines of longitude on maps and globes are meridians

Front 19

Prime Meridian

Back 19

an imaginary line of longitudem ir meridian, that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole through Greenwhich, England; it is designed zero(0) degrees longitude and is used a refrence point from which east and west lines of longitude are measured

Front 20

Globe

Back 20

a round model of Earth that shows the continents and oceans in their true shapes

Front 21

Scale

Back 21

the size of an area on a map as compared with the area's actual size

Front 22

Distortion

Back 22

a misrepresentation of the true shape; each map projection used by a cartographer produces some distrotion

Front 23

Projection

Back 23

a representation of the Earth's rounded surface on a flat piece of paper

Front 24

Compass Rose

Back 24

a map feature that usually shows the four cardinal directions

Front 25

Cardinal Direction

Back 25

one of the four compass points: north, south, east, and west

Front 26

Key

Back 26

the section of a map that explains the symbols for the map features; also called legend

Front 27

Grid

Back 27

a system used on maps to help locate places; some are based on longitude and latitude, while others are composed of leatters and numbers