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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who married Scheherezade?
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the sultan Schariar
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Arabian Nights is also known as
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Thousand and One Nights
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Where does the phrase "Open Sesame" appear?
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in "The History of Ali Baba" of Arabian Nights
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Where did Muslim civilization begin?
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Arabia
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The peninsula Arabia lays south of what?
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Fertile Crescent
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What were the nomadic herders of Arabia called?
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Arabs, or Bedouins
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Who ruled a bedouin tribe?
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a sheik
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What was the port on the Red Sea called?
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Jiddah
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What does the word "Islam" mean?
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submission to the will of God
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Where and when was Muhammad born?
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Mecca, about 570
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How old was he when he was orphaned, and with whom did he spend his childhood?
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6; grandfather and uncle
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True or false: Muhammad was illiterate.
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TRUE
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Most pre-Muhammad Arabs were ---, or believers in many gods.
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polytheists
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Muhammad was a believer in the sect called the ---.
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Hanif
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Who did the Hanif believe they descended from?
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Abraham, leader of the Hebrews
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Who ordered Muhammad to preach, according to tradition, and what is God referred to as?
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archangel Gabriel; Allah
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How old was he?
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40
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True or false: Mecca's rulers accepted Muhammad almost immediately.
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FALSE
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Mecca's merchants profited from the pilgrims who came to the ---. What is it called, and what did it hold?
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Ka'ba; statues of many gods
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The rulers persecuted Muhammad because he threatened
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pilgrimage and merchant's livelihood
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Where did Muhammad's followers go when they were persecuted in Mecca?
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Medina
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What was Muhammad's migration to Medina called?
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hijra ("migration")
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Muhammad returned to Mecca as the leader of what?
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an army
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Muhammad destroyed the ---.
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idols in the Ka'ba
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Most of Arabia had accepted Islam because
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The fall of Mecca led people to believe that he was a powerful prophet; he converted many bedouins
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When did Muhammad die?
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632
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What is a central belief of Islam?
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there is no god but God and Muhammad is his prophet
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What is the holy book of Islam called? What does it mean?
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Qur'an; "recital"
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The Qur'an presents God's ordinances and teaching as revealed to
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Muhammad
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True or false: Islam accepts Jesus as a prophet.
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TRUE
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True or false: Muhammad disrespected Christians and Jews, and did not accept the Bible or Torah as God's revelations.
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FALSE
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What is the common language for Muslims in religion, law, and literature?
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Arabic
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What are the five important obligations called?
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The Pillars of Faith
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What does pillar 1 say to accept?
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There is no god but God and Muhammad is his prophet
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What does pillar 2 command?
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Worship 5 times a day facing Mecca, the holy city of Islam
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What is pillar 3?
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Give alms (money or food) to the needy
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What does pillar 4 command?
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Fast (go without food or drink) from first light to sunset during the 9th month, Ramadan.
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Why is Ramadan sacred?
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It was the month in which Muhammad received God's revelations through Gabriel
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What does pillar 5 say?
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If possible, make a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in your life
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Islam requires and emphasizes the virtues of
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temperance, humility, justice, generosity, tolerance, obedience to the law, and courage
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Muslims are not allowed to drink --- or eat ---.
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alcoholic beverages; pork
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How many wives was a Muslim allowed to have (assuming he was fair to them)?
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Up to 4
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Could Muslims own slaves?
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Yes, assuming they treated them humanely
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Muhammad freed his slave --- who was from ---.
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Balal; Ethiopia
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Balal became a ---, or the person who recited the call to worship
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mu'zzin
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What is the struggle to defend the faith called?
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jihad
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Anybody who died in jihad received
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God's blessing and salvation in heaven
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What is a Muslim place of worship?
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a mosque
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Images and statues are forbidden from being inside
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mosques
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Who guides an Islamic service?
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any man who is learned in Islamic faith and law
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What day mentioned in the book are Muslims called to pray at noon?
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Friday
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Women are required to pray at
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home, or in a special section of the mosque
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Who was called to be Muhammad's successor, and what was his relation to Muhammad?
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Abu Bakr; father-in-law
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What is the Arabic term for "successor to the prophet?"
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caliph
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Who was caliph after Abu Bakr?
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Umar
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Abu Bakr and Umar made policies aimed towards
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conquering land ruled by non-Muslims
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When did many conquests occur?
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600s
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What did conquered peoples have to do?
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either convert or pay annual tribute
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True or false: Those who kept their religion and paid taxes still could not hold government office.
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TRUE
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Name places where Islam spread.
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Arabia, Palestine, Syria, Armenia, Mesopotamia, Persia, parts of India, and all of North Africa
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What was the European invading tribe that converted to Islam?
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Berbers
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Who was the general of the Berbers who led a conquest against the Visigoths in Spain?
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Tariq
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What is the rock called that guards the strait between Africa and Europe?
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Jabal Tariq (Mountain of Tariq) or Gibraltar
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Muslims crossed what mountain range to enter into France?
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Pyrenes
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What were Muslims of Spain called?
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Moors
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Who defeated the Moors in the town of Tours?
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Franks
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How long was Spain under Moors' rule?
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over 700 years
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What American author traveled through Spain in the 1800s?
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Washington Irving
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What book did he write about Islamic Spain?
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The Alhambra
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Where did he visit in province of --- in southern Spain?
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the palace of the Moorish kings of Granada
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NOT A QUESTION: Study chart on page 208 to learn about the world's religions.
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NOT A QUESTION: Study chart on page 208 to learn about the world's religions.
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Who believes that the only intermediary between believers and God was the Qur'an?
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Sunnis
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Who believes that a person, not the Qur'an, was the intermediary between God and believers, and that religious leaders should be political as well?
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Shi'is
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What was this person called, and what authority did he have?
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imam; spiritual and secular authority
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Can the Qur'an contain errors?
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No, it is the word of God directly given to Muhammad
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What are Muslim mystics called?
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sufis
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What did the sufis claim?
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they could talk to God directly because of an inner knowledge
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What was the one reality for the sufi?
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that one reality is God, and faith in God is the only mark of a person's quality
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Two of the most imporant Islamic cities were
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Baghdad and Cordova
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What is Muslim territory organized into?
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provinces
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The Muslim epire split because of a disagreement over
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succession of caliph rule
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What were the divisions of the empire called, and where were they located?
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caliphates; Baghdad, Cairo, Cordova
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The demands of trade increased
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manufacturing
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Name 5 goods the empire produced.
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silk, cotton, linen textiles, tapestries, carpets
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Name 3 things in great demand. Name 5 materials used in metal-made products.
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jewelry, perfumes, spices; gold, silver, steel, brass, copper
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Where were world-famous swords made?
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Damascus, Syria and Toledo, Spain
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Where were many artisans from who produced leather goods?
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Tangier in North Africa and Cordova in Spain
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