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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a precedent?
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A tradition established by a former president that carries on to become guidlines for presidents from then on.
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Give some examples of some of some of important things established by George Washington.
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With the help of congress, Washington created departments within the executive branch, established the federal court system, and added the bill of rights to the Constitution.
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What was the president's cabinet?
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The cabinet, developed in the summer of 1789, was a group of three departments and two offices to help the president.
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Who was the first Secretary of State and what were they responsible for?
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The State Department was led by Thomas Jefferson, who handled relations with other countries.
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Who was the first Secretary of Treasury and what were they responsible for?
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The Department of the Treasury was led by Alexander Hamilton, who handled financial matters.
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Who was the first Secretary of Treasury and what were they responsible for?
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Henry Knox was the leader of the Department of War, who provided for the nation's defence.
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What were the two offices that worked beside the cabinet and who was in charge of each?
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Edmund Randolph was chosen to handle the government's legal affairs as attorney general. The office of postmaster general was assigned to Samuel Osgood.
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Under which act was the federal court system established and how many of each court were there?
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The Judiciary Act of 1789 established a federal court system in which 13 district courts and 3 circuit courts to serve the nation.
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Who John Jay and what was his significance in the Judiciary Act of 1789?
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John was nominated by Congress to lead the Supreme Court as cheif justice.
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What plan did Hamilton propose to pay off the national debt?
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He decided that the government should pay the citizens back their bonds at full value.
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Why did some dislike Hamilton's plan?
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They found that they were getting cheated out of their money because they sold their bonds for less than their original value in fear that they wouldn't get paid back in full.
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What plan did Hamilton propose to pay off the national debt?
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He decided that the government should pay the citizens back their bonds at full value.
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What does it mean for something to be unconstitutional? Give examples.
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Being unconstitutional means that it is inconsistant with the Constitution. For instance, it could violate the people's rights, or it could prohibit them from doing something they have been given the right to in the Constitution.
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What is a bond and how did the government use bonds during times of war?
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A bond is a paper note issued by the government promising to pay off a loan with interest. The government used bonds to borrow money from the citizens during the Revolutionary War.
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What is a tariff? How were tariffs used to benifit America's economy?
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A tariff is a tax on imports. The U.S. government used tariffs to discourage the purchases of foreign goods to strengthen the American economy.
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What is neutrality and how was it used by the U.S.?
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Neutrality is the act of not taking sides in a conflict. In the conflict between Britain and France, Washington decided to not help either side, not wanting to get on either nation's bad side.
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What is impressment and how did the British impress Americans?
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Impressment is the act of forcing ment into service. The Navy of Great Britain tried to increase its numbers by impressing American sailors.
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What caused the Whiskey Rebellion?
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The Whiskey Rebellion was caused by frustration due to a hefty tax on the production of whiskey.
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How did the farmers of west Pennsylvania react to this tax?
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The farmers led an armed protest that attacked tax collectors and burned down buildings.
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How did Washington react to the revolt? Why was this significant?
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Washington decided to send 1500 armed troops to march to where the revolt was and attempt to scare the protesters into paying their taxes. This was significant because it was the first large scale display of the power of the strong central government.
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What happened at the Battle of Fallen Timbers?
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The Battle of Fallen Timbers was where the Native Americans were defeated by an army under Anthony Wayne, a Revolutionary War general, after demanding that all settlers living north of the Ohio River leave their territory.
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What treaty was signed by the cheif of the Shawnee Tribe?
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The American army killed over 1,000 native americans, causing Blue Jacket to surrender the his land, via the Treaty of Greenville, in present day Ohio.
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What was Jay's Treaty?
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A treaty proposed to Britain by John Jay in which Britain agreed to withdraw from American soil. This did not restrain Britain from the impressment of captured sailors or the continuing of capturing more.
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What was given through Pickney's Treaty and why?
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Pickney's Treaty gave the U.S. full rights to navigation of the Mississippi River and trade in New Orleans.
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What is a partisan?
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A partisan is a person who favors one side of an issue over another. An example of this would be when Washington supported Hamiltons views on the new economy.
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What is an implied power and how did Federalists use these to their advantage?
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An implied power is one that is not forbidden by the Constitution, but not exactly stated as a power either. The Federalists believed that the implied powers of the Constitution allowed them to make policies that weren't "against" the Constitution.
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What is an alien, and what was the Alien Act?
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An alien is an immigrant living in a country in which he or she is not a citizen. The Alien Act allowed the president to imprison aliens or send dangerous aliens out of the country.
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What is sedition, and what was the Sedition Act?
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Activities that are aimed at weakening the government. The Sedition Act was put in place to stop the public for speaking out against the newly formed government.
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What does it mean to nullify something? What does this have to do with Thomas Jefferson?
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To nullify means to legally overturn. Thomas Jefferson wanted to end (nullify) the Sedition and Alien Acts, claiming them to be unconstitutional.
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What are state's rights?
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State's rights are rights and powers that the states have that are not given to the federal governmnet in the Constitution. Issues of state's rights became heavily disputed arguments with the separation between the Federalists and the Republicans.
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