History Chapter 5 And 8 Study Guide

Front 1

Describe how the geography of Nubia led it to grow into the kingdom of Kush.

Back 1

The Kushite started out as farmers, but with natural resources, they became wealthy and so the farmlands grew into villages. In these villages, the wealthy farmers rose to the top and eventually 1 became king.

Front 2

Describe the relationship between Kush and Egypt. How did it start out? Why did Egypt attack? What was the effect of Egypt conquering Kush?

Back 2

Kush and Egypt were neighbors. Sometimes they lived in peace and helped each other. However, as Kush grew wealthy from trade, its army grew stronger and Egyptian rulers feared an attack from Kush. Thutmose I sent an army to take control of Kush. His army conquered all of Nubia north of the 5th cataract. After his victory, he destroyed the Kushite palace. Kush remained an Egyptian territory for about 450 years. During this time, Kush adopted the Egyptian way of life.

Front 3

Describe how it became possible for Kush to conquer Egypt. In what ways did the Egyptian culture affect the new Kushite Dynasty? Why do you think that the Egyptian culture affected the Kushites, even though the Egyptians were conquered by the Kushites?

Back 3

By around 850 BC, Kush had regained its former strength. As Kush was growing stronger, Egypt was growing weaker. Their weakness led Egypt open to attack. In the 700s Kashta took advantage of Egypt's weakness and attacked Egypt. By around 751 BC he had conquered Upper Egypt. His son Piankhi continued to attack Egypt and his army captured many cities. By 716, he was in charge of all of Egypt. When Shabanka declared himself pharaoh, the 25th dynasty began. Shabanka and later rulers tried to restore Egyptian culture. For example, Shabanka was buried in a pyramid and built new temples to the Egyptian gods while restoring the old ones. They also worked to preserve Egyptian writings.

Front 4

Why did Meroe become an ideal place for the new capital of the Kushite kingdom?

Back 4

Meroe was an ideal location on the east bank of the Nile. Gold, ebony, and iron ore deposits could be found nearby. Meroe was also the center of a large trade network.

Front 5

What were the factors that led to the decline and defeat of Kush?

Back 5

A series of problems withing Kush weakened its economic power. One possible reason could be that the farmers allowed their cattle to overgraze the land. When the cows ate all the grass, there was nothing to hold the soil down and it blew away. Without soil, the farmers couldn't grow enough crops. Another reason could be that the iron makers used up the forests near Meroe. As wood became scarce, furnaces shut down and Kush could no longer produce enough weapons or trade goods. Therefore, Kush's military and economic power declined. Another reason is that foreign merchants set up trade routes that went around Kush.

Front 6

Back 6

Front 7

Mark the order for the following events:
___. Babylonian captivity
___. The Hebrews get back to Canaan
___. The call of Abraham
___. Pharaoh making the Hebrews slaves in Egypt
___. The Hebrews go up to Egypt
___. The rise of Saul, David, and Solomon

Back 7

6.
4.
1.
3.
2.
5.

Front 8

List a cause for the following events:
The call of Abraham
The Hebrews go up to Egypt
Pharaoh making the Hebrews slaves in Egypt
The Hebrews get back to Canaan
The Babylonian captivity

Back 8

The call of Abraham-God wanted someone who could be the father of Israel
The Hebrews go up to Egypt-There is a famine in Canaan
Pharaoh making the Hebrews slaves in Egypt-He thinks that the Hebrews are too powerful and might revolt
The Hebrews get back to Canaan-God works through Moses to initiate the Exodus
The Babylonian Captivity-The Hebrews were disobeying God

Front 9

Who were Saul, David, and Solomon? How were they alike? How were they different?

Back 9

Saul was the first King of Israel. He had success as a military commander, but was never a strong king. He never won support from the people
As a young man, David slew Goliath. This brought him to the attention of Saul, who he later became friends with. Saul began to dislike David and outlawed him. David lived in the desert gathering support from the people for many years. He used this support to become king. He was well loved by the Israelites.
Solomon was David's son. He took the throne in 965 BC and was a strong king. He expanded the kingdom and made nearby kingdoms his allies. Trade with these allies made Israel rich. With those riches, Solomon built a temple to God in Jerusalem.

Front 10

Back 10

Front 11

How did Masada affect the Jewish people and lead to a greater focus on the writings of the Jewish faith?

Back 11

Masada affected where the Jewish people lived. Since the Romans burned the temple where they sacrificed, there was a greater emphasis on the local synagogues, the Hebrew Bible, and commentaries.

Front 12

Why were the Dead Sea Scrolls important?

Back 12

The Dead Sea Scrolls allowed scholars to verify and support the Old Testament.

Front 13

What is the difference between Orthodox, Reform, and Conservative Jews?

Back 13

Orthodox Jews followed the mosaic law strictly
Reform Jews didn't follow as many laws
Conservative Jews fell in between

Front 14

Back 14