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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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citizen of Sparta, who conquered neighboring city-states
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Spartiate
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free non-citizens "dweller around" 7% of pop.
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Pereocei
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state owned slaves, greatly outnumbered citizens 90% of pop.
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Helot
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Spartan Government, Apella, Geroushia, and Five Ephors
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Military Oligarchy
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Assembly of Citizens- Sparta
males 30 yrs+ voted on major issues |
Apella
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Council of Elders -Sparta
Two Kings (60+) 28 members prepared laws, enforced them debated foreign and domestic policy |
Geroushia
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"watcher"
60+ yrs that held real power, decided on important issues, supervised activities |
Five Ephors
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brief, terse speech
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Laconic
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free resident aliens
-could not own land -paid taxes, defended polis |
Metics
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people divided into groups
for Cleisthenes gov't idea |
demes
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harsh, severe
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draconian
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wise lawgiver
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solon
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Assembly of Citizens
-male 18+ -met 40x a year -supreme legislative and judicial body |
Ecclesia
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Council of 500
-chosen by lot -prepared laws -supervised daily operation |
Boule
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sent 1 member into exile to avoid dominance by one person
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Ostracism
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generals of ancient Greece
-ten elected annually -based on ability |
Strategos
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women's quarters in well-to-do home
lived protected from outside world |
Gynaeceum
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teachers "knowers"
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Sophists
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form of recreation enjoyed by upper class Athenian men
drinking session following a banquet |
Symposium
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Greek alliance of polises
kept treasury of suplies |
Delian League
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southern part of Greek penisula location of sparta
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Peloponnesus
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region of Pelop
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laconia
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"cliff" northeast region of Pelop
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Attica
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sight of athenian victory in naval battle over Persians
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Mt Athos
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Athens caught Persia by surprise Miltiades beat Darius
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Marathon
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"hot Gates" battle of 300 leonidas vs Xeres Ephiates betrayed
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Thermopylae
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battle of:naval battle saller athens ships overcame large persians ships
also island where Athenians fled |
Salamis
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battle of : unified Greek armies to defeat Persia to end war
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Plataea
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where Delian League kept treasury small island
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Delos
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legendary lawgiver who wrote Spartan Constitution
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Lycurgus
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person who codified Athenian law
Harsh and severe |
Draco
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Archon who reformed Athens established bi-cameral gov't
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Solon
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tyrant
- gave loans and land to small farmers -new building projects -citizenship for non land owners |
Pisistratus
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divided people into Demes
established Boule, Ecclesia |
Cleisthenes
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conquered Asia Minor and Greek polises of Ionia
-Persian treated Greeks reasonably |
Cyrus II
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Decided to conquer Greece
began to fight 'persian war' |
Darius I
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Athenian general who attacked Persians before they could get attacked ( battle of Marathon)
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Miltiades
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runner in the battle of marathon who ran, "we conquer", gasped, died
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Pheidippides
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Son of Darius
in the battle of Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea |
Xeres
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general who led the battle of Thermopylae, chose 300 for the battle
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Leonidas
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Athenian Leader who evacuated the city during battle of Salamis
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Themistocles
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Greek Shepard who betrayed Greek army to the Persians
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Ephialtes
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General/statesman who helped rebuild Athens During golden age
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Pericles
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Metic who gave advice the women and was charged with impeity
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Aspasia
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For what reasons would the thirty year slave rebellion in Sparta be viewed as a turning point in Spartan history?
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afterwards they rewrote gov't into a military oligarchy with strict obedience
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At what age did
-boys leave their families for military -full time military -obligated to marry |
-7yrs
-20 yrs -30yrs |
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At what average age did Spartan girls marry
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19 yrs
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For what reasons were Spartan girls married at that age?
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for healthy babes
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In what ways were Spartan women more free than other women
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-they could shop in the marketplace
-own property -express opinions publicly |
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What were the goals of the legal code that was devised by Draco in the 7th century
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end private vengeance and blood feuds
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What was the value of Draco's legal code to the overall development of ATherns
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laws written so aristocrats didn't control them
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What reforms were instituted by Solon during his term as Archon in Athens
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-outlawed debt slavery
-placed limit on land -promoted trade and industry -opened citizenship to artisans and merchants -established bi-cameral legislature ---council of 400 ---assembly of citizens |
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What social practice was institued in Athens during Solon's tenure
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the seclusion of women
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why was the Council of 500 chosen by lot?
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everyone had the ability and the right to rule
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Why did they ostracize citizens once a year
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to avoid dominance by one person
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Why were Athenian juries so large?
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so they couldn't be influenced
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Why did ionian greeks regularly rebel against the Persians
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they didn't have freedom which is the one thing they wanted
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What were the results of the Persian Wars
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-increased greek uniqueness, -Athens became most powerful polis
-no oriental mysticism |
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What ways was the Delian league changed into a instrument of the Athenian Empire
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-used league to build Parthenon
-criminal cases had to be tried in Athens -all polises use Athens currency -sent Athenian troops to support revolts by commoners vs aristocrats on other polises |
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Spartans Virtues
spartan command |
endurance, cunning, devotion to Sparta, courage, strength
Return with your shield or on it |
