Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Charles I
|
King James I's son, signed the Petition of Right, married to Henrietta.
|
|
|
Long Parliament
|
English parliament elected in 1640 that convened on and off for 20 years.
|
|
|
Petition of Right
|
Petition stating four ancient liberties presented to Parliament by Charles I.
|
|
|
Cavaliers
|
Those who supported the king in the English Civil War
|
|
|
Roundheads
|
Those who supported Parliament in the English Civil War.
|
|
|
Oliver Cromwell
|
Puritan leader, organised his troops into a powerful army called the New Model Army.
|
|
|
New Model Army
|
Cromwell's army, defeated Charles in 1645.
|
|
|
Rump Parliament
|
Cromwell-controlled Parliament, abolsihed Monarchy and House of Lords.
|
|
|
Commonwealth
|
Republic
|
|
|
Constitution
|
Document outlining the basic laws and principals that govern a nation.
|
|
|
Navigation Act of 1651
|
Requires all goods shipped to England from other countries be carried by English ships or by ships of the producing country.
|
|
|
Restoration
|
Charles II's reign, monarchy restored.
|
|
|
Tories
|
Political Party that supported the monarchy in the 1600s.
|
|
|
Whigs
|
Political Party in England that rebelled against the monarchy, wanted a strong parliament, and opposed having a Catholic ruler.
|
|
|
James II
|
Charles II's brother, believed in absolute royal rule.
|
|
|
William III and Mary II
|
Joint rulers of England following James II.
|
|
|
Glorious Revolution
|
Bloodless transfer of power in the English monarchy.
|
|
|
Thomas Hobbes
|
Wrote Leviathan
|
|
|
John Locke
|
Wrote Two Treatises of Government
|
|
|
English Bill of Rights
|
Declared that Parliament would decide who ruled the country.
|
|
|
Toleration Act
|
Granted some religious freedoms to Dissenters.
|
|
|
cabinet
|
Head of government departments.
|
|
|
limited constitutional monarchy
|
Monarch remains head of state.
|
|
|
John Cabot
|
Explored the coasts of Newfoundland, Nova Soctia and possibly New England.
|
|
|
sea dogs
|
English seas captains
|
|
|
Sir Francis Drake
|
English captain, sailed west from England across the Atlantic Ocean.
|
|
|
Henry Hudson
|
One of the first to search for the Nortwest Passage.
|
|
|
rationalism
|
Truth can be determined soley by logical thinking.
|
|
|
philosophes
|
Thinkers of the Enlightenment
|
|
|
Denis Diderot
|
Editor of the Encyclopedia.
|
|
|
Baron de Montesquieu
|
The Spirit of the Laws.
|
|
|
Voltaire
|
Philosophical Letters, Candide
|
|
|
popular sovereignty
|
Gov't created/controlled by the people.
|
|
|
enlighted despotism
|
Absolute monarch rules, but according to the principles of the Enlightenment.
|
|
|
Mary Wollstonecraft
|
Early spokesperson for women's rights.
|
|
|
King George III
|
First Hanoverian monarch to be born in England.
|
|
|
Lord North
|
King George III's prime minister
|
|
|
Patriots
|
Wanted independence from Britian
|
|
|
Loyalists
|
Opposed independence.
|
|
|
George Washington
|
Commander of American forces during the Revoltionary War.
|
|
|
Articles of Confederation
|
Ratified in 1781, it set up a central gov't w/ a one-house Congress and each state had a single vote. Weak central government.
|
|
|
federal system of government
|
Power is divided between a central, or federal, gov't and individual states.
|
|
|
Executive branch
|
Headed by president
|
|
|
legislative
|
headed by Congress
|
|
|
judicial
|
consisting of federal courts
|
|
|
Bill of Rights
|
10 ammendments, added in 1791, that guaranteed freedom.
|
