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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Devine Right?
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The belief that one had a G-d given right to rule
Kings thought that if people disobeyed them they were disobeying G-d |
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What is a NationState?
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definite boundaries, unified rule, and permanent loyal armies
people had national identities ( cultures) |
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What was the "War of Roses"?
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between the Lancasters(red rose) and the Yorks(white rose)
Tudors Lancasters won (henry Tudor) |
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what did Henry VII do?
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* imposed heavy fines for having a private army
*efficient tax collecting system * opened his advisory councils to members of the middle class |
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What did Henry VIII do?
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* he was Henry VII's son
*married Cathrine of Aaragon *replaced Roman Catholic Church with Anglican church so he could increase wealth and control church *his military adventures didnt do much except waste $$$ |
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What did Elizabeth I do?
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*strengthened Church Of England and stopped the Catholics from killing her
*really good ruler--during her 45 years England had Peace, prosperity and prestige *supported exploration and the arts * was the "Virgin Queen" ( and the last of the Tudors) * she travled around and visited the public |
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Who was Sir Walter Raleigh and what did he do?
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he was an explorer hired by Elizibeth I
* he established colonies in North Carolina |
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Who was Sir Francis Drake and what did he do?
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Explorer hired by Elizabeth I
*sailed around the world to raid spanish ports and ships --he also tried to find new trading partners *was a pirate |
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Who was Henry IV and what did he do?
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* first king of the Bourbons
*he united France by ending religious wars between Catholics and Huguenots *Helped Peasants -lowered peasants' taxes -reduced power of nobles so they couldn't abuse peasants *improved textile industry |
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Who was Champlain and what did he do?
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explorer hired by Henry IV
*founded Quebec |
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Who was Louis XII and what did he do?
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*when his daddy died and he was appointed king he was too young to rule so his mommy appointed CARDINAL RICHELIEU as chief minester
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Who was Cardinal Richelieu and what did he do?
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*ruled for Louis XII because Louiz was too young to rule
*he appointed representative governers for each district ( called intendants) *took away privileges from Huguenots *promoted textile industry *increased french influence in European affairs by aiding protestant princess in the 30 years war |
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Who were intendants and what did they do?
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they were representative governers appointed by Richelieu to rule each French district
* they established armies, supervised tax collection, regulated businesses, and watched nobility for signs of rebellion |
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Who was Louis XIV and what did he do?
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* became king when 5 years old
* During his reign France became the greatest power in Europe *Called the "sun king" and the "grand monarch" *he made france the center of learning and the arts *built Versailles *spent more $$ then he had and left the other Bourbon kings to pay off his debts |
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Who was Jean Baptiste Colbert and what did he do?
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one of Louis’s most capable ministers, promoted the policy of mercantilism
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Who was Charles V and what did he do?
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• A member of the Habsburg family.
• Became holy roman emperor in 1519. • Opposed protestant reformation and said Martin Luther was an outlaw. |
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Who was Philip II and what did he do?
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*habsburg ruler
* wanted to extend influence of Catholicism into Europe * was "hands on " ruler -demanded written reports of all aspects of gov *used gold and silver from south america to imrpve army and navy *created the Spanish Armada |
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What was the Spanish Armada?
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created by Philip II
* fleet of ships sent to invade england *sent cause PHil wanted to take over england and make it Catholic ( he lost) |
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Who was Maria Theresa and what did she do?
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strong Habsburg Ruler
*had to fight to keep other monarchs from taking territory away from her * joined with Russia and Prussia to divide Poland * was ruler who promoted education for children |
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Who was Peter the Great and what did he do?
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* was a Romanov ruler
* set up schools for scientific research * disguised himself and spied on western Europe to gain info about their technologies and ways of life * brought teachers, engineers, & craftspeople from western Europe to Russia * forced peole to follow western Europe dress and rules or they were punished *won territory along baltic sea known as the "windows of the west" *put the Russian Orthodox Church under his control |
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Who was Catherine the Great and what did she do?
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*continued to westernize Russia
*gave upper class privileges and thus the lower class lost some *gained the land along the Black sea so that Russia could have a port open all year long |
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early efforts to limit the powers of absolute monarchs
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• Revolution; The use of violence or the threat of violence to bring about basic changes in the way a nation is governed.
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What did the Magna Carta do?
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set forth the rights of the barons, was eventually extended to the common people.
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What are the 2 parts of Parliament?
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• House of Lords- included nobles and the church leaders
• House of Commons- made up of wealthy merchants who were commoners. |
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Who was the king that made Parliament?
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Edward I
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What did the Petition of Right do?
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• Prohibited the ruler from imposing taxes without the consent of parliament.
• Said that no person could be sent to prison without having the charges against him or her made public. |
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Who were the Royalists and Cavaliers?
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those who fought for the king in the civil war?
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Who were the Roundheads?
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those who fought for parliament, wore their hair in short, bowl-shaped style. Many were puritans and followed the ideas of John Calvin
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Who was Oliver Cromwell?
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deeply religious Puritan who led the roundhouse forces.
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What was Commonwealth?
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made by oliver Cromwell
*Cromwell and parliament had equal power |