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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Jedediah Smith |
discovered the South Pass, which was a plateau in Wyoming, in 1823; it offered a wagon route to the Oregon Country |
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James Beckwourth |
Black American who was a chief of the Crow Indian tribe; discovered the Beckwourth Pass , one of the main routes into California's Sacramento Valley |
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William Becknell |
"Father of the Santa Fe Trail" also known for his pioneering efforts |
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John McLoughlin |
"Father of the Oregon" for the help and protection he provided the early settlers; he supervised Fort Vancouver |
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Dr. Marcus Whitman and Rev. Henry Spaulding |
early settlers and missionaries in Oregon; their wives- Narissa Whitman and Elizabeth Spaulding were the first white women to journey west of the Rocky Mountains |
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Great Migration |
led by Marcus Whitman; a train of 120 wagon with 1000 pioneers led into Oregon; largest wagon train ever to go west |
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The Oregon Trail |
Families began to move westward in search of better health (due to fever epidemics in 1830's and 40's) ; they'd leave from Independence, Missouri |
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Prairie schooners |
covered wagons with white canvas tops |
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John C. Fremont |
he was one of the first white men to cross the Sierra Nevada in winter ; led the Bear Flag Revolt in 1846 which led to California becoming a part of America |
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Bear Flag Revolt |
John Fremont led Americans in a revolt against Mexicans for land in California ; made a flag with a grizzly bear and a single star that is today California's flag |
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John Sutter |
Owned the land in California where the first gold was found |
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James Marshall |
worked at the mill and discovered the gold |
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Gold rush |
fortune seekers from Europe, Latin America, Australia, and The Orient went to California in search of gold; most didn't find any but settled there |
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Stephen Austin |
"Father of Texas" ; renewed the Texas grant with the Mexican government; established law and order in TX |
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Santa Anna |
president of Mexico and declared himself the military dictator of all Mexico in 1834; led the Mexican troops at the Alamo |
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Sam Houston |
commander of the Texas militia ; first president of the Republic of Texas |
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Alamo |
Feb. 23- Mar. 6 1836; Santa Anna's army and a group of Americans battled at the Alamo(fortified mission) in the city of San Antonio ; all Americans died; there was a battle after at San Jacinto and Americans cried out "Remember the Alamo"; 783 Americans defeated 1500 Mexicans in 18 minutes |
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Texas |
added to the Union in 1845 (slave state) ; became known as the Lone Star Republic |
