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16 Cards in this Set
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1. Discuss the causes of the Great Crash. |
1. Productive capacity of the automobile and appliance industries grew faster than the effective demand for the products they produced 2.Production faltered, and in 1927, a mild recession occurred. 3.The sale of durable goods declined, and construction of houses and buildings fell slightly Individuals with ready cash invested heavily in the stock market. 4.all stocks listed on the New York 5. Stock Exchange rose early 1929 6. Corporations used their cash reserves to lend money to brokers who in turn lent it to investors on margin; in 1929 7.A slowing of economic activity in 1929 prior to the crash 8.A huge drop in stock prices in the fall of 1929. 9.Excessive optimism and speculation late in the 1920's.. 10. It is hard to evaluate the worth of new industries. 11.There were a number of new less sophisticated investors. 12.The phenomenon of purchasing stock on margin. Borrowing money to buy stock.
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2. Evaluate the causes of the Great Depression. |
1. Overproduction and under consumption 2. Crisis in farming caused price of crops goes down 3. Rising gap between rich/poor 4. Stock market Stock market crashes |
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3. Describe the social effects of the Great Depression on the population.
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1. The psychological effect of unemployment. 2. The deportation of a number of Mexicans. 3. Decline in healthcare 4. Homelessness. Soaring high school dropout rates. 5. Organized protests. 6. The Bonus Army Protest. A number of veterans marched through Washington and camped out. They tried to pressure congress to give them their pension early. Hoover sent the army to get rid of the Bonus army 7. MEXICAN WORKERS WERE DEPORTED 8. AFRICAN-AMERICAN WORKERS WERE FIRED 9. MANY MIDDLE CLASS PEOPLE LOST HOMES AND OTHERS RODE THE RAISE LOOKING FOR WORK 10. EVEN THE WEALTHY WERE AFFECTED
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4. Name the most prominent victim of the Great Depression.
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Herbert Hoover
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5. Describe Hoover's response to the Great Depression
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1. Promoting voluntary action. 2. He did push through some government majors. 3. He favored direct relief (oppossed government financial relief) 4. Opposed to large work projects. (Hoover dam)
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6. Name FDR’s first effort to deal with the economic crisis
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1.Within the next ten days, Roosevelt won his first great New Deal victory by saving the nation’s banks. 2. On March 5, he issued a decree closing the banks and called Congress back into session. 3. His aides presented new banking legislation to Congress on March 9; both houses passed it within hours, and FDR signed it that evening. 4.The measure provided for government supervision and aid to the banks. Strong ones would be reopened with federal support, weak ones closed. 5.Government loans would bolster those in difficulty.
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7. Describe the legislation passed in the first Hundred Days |
1. New Deal victory by saving the nation’s banks 2. The measure provided for government supervision and aid to the banks. 3. Strong ones would be reopened with federal support, weak ones closed. 4. Government loans would bolster those in difficulty.
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8. Explain the provisions and problems of the National Recovery Act.
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1. The NRA hoped to achieve both goals by permitting companies in each major industry to cooperate in writing codes of fair competition that would set realistic limits on production, allocate percentages to individual producers, and set firm guidelines for prices 2. The codes were too detailed to enforce easily. 3. Written by the largest companies, the rules favored big business over smaller competitors 4. DECLARED UNCONSTITUTIONAL 5. BUREAUCRATIC MESS 6. SECTION 7a WAS TO PROTECT LABOR 7. VOLUNTARY
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9. Explain the implementation and problems of the Agricultural Adjustment Act.
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1. a farm recovery 2. The general method was to take acreage out of production. 3.To Plow under the crops.Destroy the crops/kill live stock.In the second year it was taking acreage out of production. 4. PROBLEMS 5. The payments were used to increase efficiency. 6. Tenant farmers were kicked out without any payment. 7. Farmers took the worst land out of production. 8. There was some rise in income for farmers, but it came from the subsidies. 9. Larger farms benefited the most.It was also held unconstitutional. |
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10. Discuss the political opposition to the New Deal.
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1. a lot of conservation opposition, the depression continued also left-wing opposition. 2. Push for more dramatic reform Father Charles Coughlin- Boston based radio program with 40 million Listeners 3. Focused Plan - if you over 60 year, you can get 200 , just to get the USA prime 4. Heuy Long- Louisiana senate, shared of worth policy (take money from the rich and give it to the poor) 5. FRANCIS TOWNSHEND Townsend Plan, a popular proposal for state-funded old-age pensions
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11. Identify the true originator of Social Security and identify the most important aspects of the program. |
1. Francis Towsand 2. Old age penchants funded by tax on employers and a tax on employees. 3. Unemployment compensation. 4. Funded by a tax on employers. 5. Direct grants of money for welfare payments.
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12. Name the one of the most successful and enduring of the New Deal programs.
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SOCIAL SECURITY ADMIN
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13. Describe the state of unions and labor during the 1930s.
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1. In the early 1930s, as the nation slid toward the depths of depression, the future of organized labor seemed bleak. ... 2. The tremendous gains labor unions experienced in the 1930s resulted, in part, from the pro-union stance of the Roosevelt administration and from legislation enacted by Congress during the early New Deal. 3.WHILE UNION MEMBERSHIP GREW A LITTLE STILL ONLY 28% JOINED UNONS |
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14. Describe the impact of the New Deal on American minorities. |
1. Already poor before depression.- 2. African American unemployment = 50% (should be 25%)- 3. Mexicans immigrates returned to Mexico. 4. DID RECEIVE SOME BENEFITS BUT FDR HAD MIXED LEGACY ON CIVIL RIGHTS |
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15. Explain what FDR’s court-packing scheme was and why it failed. |
1. The plan failed for two reasons. ... President Roosevelt's planned to "pack" the Supreme Court because the Supreme Court kept striking down New Deal legislation. 2. WANTS TO APPOINT NEW JUSTICE TO SIT WITH ANY JUSTICE AGE 70 3. LIBERALS AND CONSERVATIVES COMPLAINED 4. ULTIMATELY FDR WAS ABLE TO APPOINT SEVERAL JUSTICES5. IT HURT FDR’S RELATIONSHIP WITH CONGRESS |
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16. Explain why the Democrats suffered in the 1938 elections.
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1. The court packing Scheme- bad presidentIn 1937 there was a depression 2. Huge Drop Industry in additional workers lost their jobs 3. When 1940 hit , the increase World- Wide intension (WW2) in Europeno Limitation |
