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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Christian humanism
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Encourages human freedom and individualism.
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Desiderius Erasmus
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Dutch Renaissance scholar and Roman Catholic theologian who sought to revive classical texts.
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Thomas More
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Best known as the author of "Utopia."
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Absenteeism
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Being repeatedly absent for your duty.
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Benefice
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An endowed church office giving income to its holder.
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Martin Luther
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German monk who started the Protestant Reformation.
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Indulgences
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Payment for the pardon of temporal punishment due for sin.
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Leo X
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Pope who excommunicated Martin Luther.
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Diet of Worms
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Meeting of the assembly of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms, Ger., where Martin Luther defended the Reformation.
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Peasants' War
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Peasant uprising in Germany inspired by the Reformation.
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HRE Charles V
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Holy Roman emperor who summoned the Diet of Worms and the Council of Trent.
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Francis I
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Holy Roman emperor (1745–65).
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Hapsburg-Valois Wars
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Series of violent wars for control of Italy.
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Schmalkaldic League
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Defensive alliance of Protestant states of the Holy Roman Empire.
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Peace of Augsburg
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Temporary settlement within the Holy Roman Empire of the religious conflict arising from the Reformation.
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Ulrich Zwingli
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Swiss religious reformer who believed in absolute authority of the Bible.
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Anabaptists
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A member of a radical movement of the Reformation that believed in the separation of church from state.
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Henry VIII
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King of England (1509–1547).
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Thomas Cromwell
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English politician who proposed the legislation that established the monarch as head of the church.
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Edward VI
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King of England and Ireland. The son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour.
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Mary Tudor
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Queen of England and Ireland whose persecution of Protestants earned her the nickname “Bloody Mary.”
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John Calvin
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Geneva-based leader of the Protestant Reformation.
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Predestination
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Predetermined fate.
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The Geneva Consistory
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An assembly of cardinals presided over by the pope for papal acts, such as the canonization of a saint.
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None
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None
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Catholic/Counter Reformation
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A reform movement within the Roman Catholic Church that arose in response to the Protestant Reformation.
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Saint Teresa of Avila
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Spanish Carmelite nun, mystic, and saint.
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Oratory of Divine Love
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The Oratory of Divine Love is an apostolate encouraged by the Confraternity of Penitents.
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Ignatius Loyola
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Spanish ecclesiastic who founded the Jesuits and was a leader of the Counter Reformation.
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Pope Paul III
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Pope who initiated the Catholic Reformation and accepted the Jesuit order into the Church.
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Council of Trent
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19th ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic church.
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Catherine de' Medici
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Queen of France as the wife of Henry II.
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Politiques
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A head of state who puts politics before their religion.
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St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
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Murder of French Huguenots in Paris by Catholics.
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Henry IV
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Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany who continually struggled for power with Pope Gregory VII.
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Edict of Nantes
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Law by Henry IV of France to grant religious liberty and full civil rights to the Protestant Huguenots.
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Philip II
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King of Spain and Portugal.
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Duke of Alva
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Spanish general and administrator.
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Elizabeth I
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The daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn.
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The Spanish Armada
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Spanish-controlled fleet which sailed against England in 1588.
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