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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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what is the contitution
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document that runs our country
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what are natural rights
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protects individual rights
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individual
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inalienable rights
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rights that cant be taken
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constitution conventiom
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1787 phillidelphia
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articles of confederation
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america's first gov.
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limited government
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the government has only as much power as people give it
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federalism
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system of gov. where power is divided between a central/ national government and the state governments
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judicial review
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power of the supreme court to delcare a law of congress or act of the president "unconstitutional"
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checks and balances
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way the three branches keep eachother in line
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the constitution
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3 parts: preamble, articles, amendments
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seperation of powers
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idea that the executive legislative and judicial powers should be carried out by different people
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popular sovereignty
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the government recieves its power from the people
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habeas corpus
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the right to be imprisoned only being told the just cause and reason and protects against unlawful detention
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ex post facto
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a law which punishes someone for a crime after the crime when it is not illegal at the time
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due process clause
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standard set of procedures must be followed before any action is taken is taken to punish persons accused of breaking the law
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constitutional democracy
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citizens think critically about public issues and participate in public affairs
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bill of attainder
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punishment for a crime without trial to prove guilt- unconstitutional
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equal protection under the law
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no person can be treated unfairly or unreasonably under law
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us census
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counting of the people every 10 years (years ending in zero)
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preamble
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first part of the constitution amd states the purpose of constitution
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(2)Legislative Branch
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law-making branch and house of representatives and senate
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us representative
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representation based on population IL has 19 and 435 members 25 ears old us citizen for 7 years two year term
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proportional representation
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representation based on population favored by larger states
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legislative branch checks
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approve appointment of judges and override vetos
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speaker( of the house)
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leader of the house of representatives
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senate
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2 from each state currently 100 members 30 years old us citizen 9 years 6 year term
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quorum
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number of people needed to do buisness
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simple majority (half +1 ) vote
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co gress to declare war and senate approve a supreme court justice amd congress pass immigration law
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bill to law
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revenue (tax) ills must begin in the house
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3/5 compromise
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every 5 slaves is counted as 3 people and for purposes of representation and taxation
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impeachment
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to be charged with a crime (indictment)
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enumerated powers
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specific powers held only by national gov.
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elastic clause
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give congress greater power than given in constitution and allows gov. to meet changing needs without amendment
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concurrent powers
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powers held by both the congress amd the states
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necessary and proper clause
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allowed congress to make laws now specifically foundnin the constitution
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special session of congress
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called by president
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(3) Executive Branch
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enforces or carries out laws
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president
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chief executive officer and 35 years old natural born citizen resident of us 14 years
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electoral votes
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representatives + # of senators = # of votes per state
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cabinet
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president's official advisors
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vice president
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president-in-waiting and is in charge of the sentate
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veto
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president rejects bill passed by congress and executive check on legislature
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executive branch checks
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president appoints judges and veto bills
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(4) Judicial Branch
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interprets laws
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supreme court justice
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no requirements in constitution and confirmed bt senate
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judicial branch check
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judicial review ( over both of the other branches)
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chief justice
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presiding/ head officer of supreme court
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amendments
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last part of constitution
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bill of rights
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protected individual citizens from the power of the federal and states gov.
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federalists
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supported the constitution as it was originally written
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anti- federalist
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wanted bill of rights (Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry)
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positive rights
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require gov. to provide services for citizens
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negative rights
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limit the power of gov.
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(5) 1st amendment
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freedom of press
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2nd amendment
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right to bear arms
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4th amendment
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unreasonable search and seizure
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5th amendment
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right to prevent self -incrimination
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9th amendment
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protects rights beyond those listed in the constitution
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13th amendment
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1865 bolished slavery
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14th amendment
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civil rights amendment
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15th amendment
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direct election of senators
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16th amendment
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income tax amd replace revenues lost by reduced tariffs
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18th amendment
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prohibition of alcohol
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19th amendment
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1920 women right to vote
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21st amendment
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repealed 18th, only sell alcohol after noon
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22nd amendment
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establishment of a two- term limit for presidents
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24th amendment
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no poll tax
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26th amendment
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lowered voting age to 18
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denounce
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to strongly disagree with someone else's opinion
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Illinois state constitution
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4th constitution ratified in 1970
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IL state senate districts
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59 currently
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IL executive branch
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6 officers
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IL state rep districts
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currently 118 two for every state senator
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general assembly
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legislative branch
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IL governor
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cheif executive officer for state
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IL lieutenant governor
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governor in waiting
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IL secretary of state
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head tecord keeper
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IL attorney general
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head lawyer and represents the state
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IL comprtoller
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works wit treasurer
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IL treasurer
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works with comptroller
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IL bill of rights
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first article of state constitution
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