History Ap Chapter 14 Flashcards

Front 1

Preston Brooks

Back 1

a Democratic Congressman from South Carolina. Brooks was cheered across the South, but the episode was used by Northerners to depict the Southerners as violent fanatics, thus pushing the nation a step closer to Civil War

Front 2

Squatter Sovereignty

Back 2

In the decades before the American Civil War, the term "popular sovereignty" was often used to suggest that residents of U.S. territories should be able to decide by voting whether or not slavery would be allowed in the territory. This concept was associated with such politicians as Lewis Cass and Stephen A. Douglas.

Front 3

Fugitive Slave Law

Back 3

passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850, as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slave holding interests and Northern Free-Soilers. This was one of the most controversial acts of the 1850 compromise and heightened Northern fears of a 'slave power conspiracy'. It declared that all runaway slaves be brought back to their masters

Front 4

Franklin Pierce

Back 4

was the 14th President of the United States (1853-1857) and is the only President from New Hampshire. Pierce was a Democrat and a "doughface" who served in the U.S. House of Representatives and Senate. Later, Pierce took part in the Mexican-American War and became a brigadier general

Front 5

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 5

created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opened new lands that would help the settlers settle in them, repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820, and allowed settlers in those territories to determine if they would allow slavery within their boundaries and to settle there. The initial purpose of the Kansas–Nebraska Act was to create opportunities for a Mideastern Transcontinental Railroad. The act was designed by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas.

Front 6

Know-Nothings

Back 6

a third party that was created on the basis to keep immigrants from obtaining positions and also to keep them separated from normal society, collapsed about as soon as they rose

Front 7

John Brown

Back 7

a revolutionary abolitionist in the United States, who advocated and practiced armed insurrection as a means to abolish slavery for good. He led the Pottawatomie Massacre during which five men were killed in 1856 in Bleeding Kansas

Front 8

James Buchanan

Back 8

was the 15th President of the United States (1857–1861). He is the only president from Pennsylvania,

Front 9

Dred Scott vs. Sanford

Back 9

was a ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court that people of African descent imported into the United States and held as slaves (or their descendants, whether or not they were slaves) were not protected by the Constitution and could never be U.S. citizens.

Front 10

Abe Lincoln

Back 10

was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination. As president, he led the country through a great constitutional, military and moral crisis—the American Civil War—preserving the Union while ending slavery and promoting economic modernization.

Front 11

John Breckinridge

Back 11

was an American lawyer and politician. He served as a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from Kentucky and was the 14th Vice President of the United States (1857-1861), to date the youngest vice president in U.S. history, inaugurated at age 36.

Front 12

John C Fremont

Back 12

was an American military officer, explorer, and the first candidate of the anti-slavery Republican Party for the office of President of the United States.

Front 13

Ostend Manifesto

Back 13

Stated that the US would take Cuba either by them giving it up or by the US using military force. It caused much controversy since northerners knew that if it was made a state than it would become a slave state, however, it did not pass

Front 14

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Back 14

an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War",

Front 15

Compromise of 1850

Back 15

was an intricate package of five bills, passed in September 1850, which defused a four-year confrontation between the slave states of the South and the free states of the North regarding the status of territories acquired during the Mexican-American War, made California free, left NM up to the people, and tightened the Fugitive Slave Law

Front 16

Freeport Doctrine

Back 16

was articulated by Stephen A. Douglas at the second of the Lincoln-Douglas debates on August 27, 1858, in Freeport, Illinois. Lincoln tried to force Douglas to choose between the principle of popular sovereignty proposed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the majority decision of the United States Supreme Court in the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford,

Front 17

Impending Crisis of the South

Back 17

It was focused on the economic standpoint and slavery standpoint of the country, as soon as Lincoln became president, the South feared that he would completely remove everything they stood for so they broke away and the Civil War began, increased sectionalism due to the economic differences along with slavery differences had created theSouthern secession crisis because no compromise between the North and South could be made.

Front 18

Lecompton Constitution

Back 18

The document was written in response to the anti-slavery position of the 1855 Topeka Constitution of James H. Lane and other free-state advocates.[1] The territorial legislature, consisting mostly of slave-owners, met at the designated capital of Lecompton in September 1857 to produce a rival document