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37 Cards in this Set
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Hypnosis |
Post-Mesmerism Named after Greek god Hypnos Coined by James Braid Very influential to French school of neuropsychiatry |
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Hysteria |
Derived from Greek hystera= "uterus" Thought to be uniquely female disorder Used as an insult |
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Briquet Syndrome |
Constellation of Somatic Symptoms Sometimes see conversion symptoms It's now called Somatasymptom Disorder |
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Jean-Martin Charcot |
Founder of modern neurology Scientific study of hysteria Treatment with hypnosis and pressure on ovaries Thought to link nervous system to these symptoms, also thought genetic Only observed the women |
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Pierre Janet |
Student of Charcot, later took over as director Further study of hysteria Linked hysteria to traumatic memories |
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Studies on Hysteria |
book by Freud and Breuer linked trauma to hysteria, and said if we recover the trauma, the patient will recover Included basics of psychoanalysis repressed material must be made conscious and dealt with rationally Anna O case |
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Treatment of Hysteria |
1. neurological interest in hypnosis (Charcot, Nancy School, Janet) 2. alleviated by pressing on the ovaries (Charcot) 3. Gynecological treatments- cause of distress was seen as reproductive system, so would remove part or all of reproductive system |
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Sociopolitical Context during the time of hysteria |
1. rise of neurology, looking for naturalistic explanation (v. supernatural) 2. Oppressed role of women in Victorian society (women were expected to be fragile dainty and subservient) use this to think of why/how prevalent hysteria was at this time (including acting out, or a way to express sexual aspects) |
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Briquet's to ______ (1) Hysteria to ____ (2) Hysterical personality______ (3) |
1. somatoform--> Somatic Symptom Disorder 2. conversion disorder 3. Histrionic personality |
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Freud |
founder of psychoanalysis-clinical, not academic theory- not just looking at biological factors as causing problems proposed unconscious motives for behavior studied with Charcot, Nancy clinic, and hypnosis |
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Josef Breuer |
austrian physician Anna O friend of Freud, Studies on Hysteria |
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Anna O |
first psychoanalytic case presented with Hysteria treated by Breuer Importance of repressed traumas Cathartic Method/"Talking Cure" |
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Fanny Moser (Frau Emmy Von N) |
first application of cathartic method and hypnosis hypnosis not enough Major contribution: learned to listen to clients (free association)- just say whats on your mind, no editing |
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Ilona Weiss (Fraulein Elisabeth Von R) |
Couldn't be hypnotized; realized hypnosis not always possible or necessary Became aware of resistance (not wanting to reveal whatever is going on unconsciously) Identified that an unacceptable desire could be the source of the symptoms (not just trauma) |
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Freud's Seduction Theory |
Linked precocious sexual experience to symptoms Not well received abandoned in 1897- believed they were fantasies of the patient |
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The Interpretation of Dreams |
Explained a lot of psychoanalysis ideas: -dreams are meaningful, individualized symbols, disguise wishes, etc. Didn't take off at first |
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Wednesday Psychological Society |
Started in 1902, grew- renamed Vienna Psychoanalytic Society |
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The Ego and the ID |
1923, book by Freud One of most important pieces |
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Psychoanalysis Post WW1 |
flourished in Europe and Argentina, especially among Jewish population Rejected by France |
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Psychoanalysis Post WW2 |
Medicalization of psychoanalysis Became fashionable Psychoanalytic Golden Era |
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Freuds theory |
Evolved over time unconscious processes Id Ego Superego Drives: sex (Eros) and aggression (Thanatos) role of childhood and early experiences can cause pathology Treatment: make the unconscious conscious (not so easy- resistance, transference, counter transference) |
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What comes after Freud? |
Neo-Freudians- moved analysis into new, sociopolitical arenas: Adler (inferiority/superficial) Jung (sexuality/occult) Horney Fromm |
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Adler |
significant contributions: inferiority complex compensation importance of birth order social activism |
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Carl Jung |
contributions: word association tests collective unconscious archetypes persona 4 functions: thinking v. feeling, intuition v. sensing Big 5 Personality tests (introversion and extroversion) |
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Karen Horney |
German psychianalyst First femonists analyst Criticized Freud's view of women created womb envy |
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Anna Freud |
Freud's daughter Began using psychoanalysis with children |
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Erik Erikson |
8 stages of development- at each a crisis must be negotiated |
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Object Relations |
emphasis on social contexts heavy emphasis on interpersonal relationships Melanie Klein |
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Melanie Klien |
Object relations worked with young children pre-oedipal experiences and development differed from Anna Freud |
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Anna Freud v. Klein |
Freud: treatment should be modified, long prep period to build alliance, thought therapist will serve as ego-ideal, need to strengthen superego Klien: transitional analysis with children, no immediate interpretation; no alliance needed |
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Kernberg |
psychoanalyst treatment of borderline PD |
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Self Psychology |
4th branch, focus on the self, especially concerned with narcissism Heinz Kohut |
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Ralph Greenson |
American psychoanalysis Treated Marilyn Monroe |
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Jacques Lacan |
French analyst Advocated a return to Freud notoriouly difficult to read his work |
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Harry Stack Sullivan |
studied schizophrenia |
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Margaret Mahler |
child analyst, stages of separation- individuation |
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Winnicott |
True self/false self Transitional object (charlie brown blanket) |
