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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hippocrates
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Founder of modern medicine
Realised brain is reposincible for actions/health Most powerful and deadly diseases in brain People become mad/insane when brain isn't healthy Theory of humours Excess of bile caused mental illnes Imbalance of phlegm could cause mental illness Body could have defense against illness |
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Galen
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Theory of humours updated. Excess of blood would cause excess happiness (like mania
Excess of yellow bile would cause excess anger Excess of black bile would cause excess sadness Excess of plegm would make someone sluggish and unemotional Would prescribe drugs. |
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Malleus Maleficarum
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Written by priests Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger. Renaissance-era
Approved my Pope Innocent VIII If someone sees something that isn't really there, it's because the devil made them see it. Deserve what they get, they're collaborating with the Devil, they're witches Should be tortured until they confess, then put on the rack, then burned at the stake |
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1800s
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People were kept in large groups in rooms chained to the walls. Used spinning chair, tranquillising chair
Used bloodletting Used water cures Charles Dickens had some input on how mental health worked |
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1900s
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1940s – some mentally ill people kept in straitjackets, naked in big rooms
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Philippe Pinel (1745 – 1826)
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Director of Bicetre insane asylum in 1793, a hospital for men. Became director of La Salpetriere, which housed 8,000 mentally ill women
People are either sane or insane, there are no diagnoses or differentiations Patient had a delusion that someone else's head was put onto his body. Looked for how to better treat mentally ill, found possibilities in the writings of Joseph Daquin. Stops bloodletting Stopped sexual abuse of women. Releases prisoners from chains. Took case histories, recording patients' symptoms Avoids using drugs. Works with moral therapy (give patients a job, talk to them |
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Joseph Daquin
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Believed that people shouldn't be locked away.
They did well if they could go outside some. |
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Benjamin Rush
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US doctor
Also believed deranged patients should be treated with respect and kindness. Believed that unresponsive patients may have to be confined Believed in bloodletting Thought there was mental illness because there was too much blood in the brain. |
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Dorthea Dix
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American woman, not MD
Went to teach Sunday school in jail, found mental patients Found there was no heat, was told mentally ill people didn't need it, were chained to walls Found KY conditions to be good Talks to congress Gets funding to make, build, and staff 32 mental hospitals |
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Emil Kraepelin
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Made DSM
Classification by symptoms |
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Lightner Witmer
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Opened world's first psychological clinic at the University of Pennsylvania in 1896
Created the psychological clinic World's first journal devoted to clinical psychology |
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Jean-Martin Charcot
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Director of Le Salpertriere after Pinel
Monitored patients while alive, then looked at brains after death Discovered nervous system damage that led to polio, MS, Charcot's disease (ALS) Looked for diagnoses for hysteria, now conversion disorder (symptoms: loss of sensation or feeling, paralysis, only counts if as a result of psychological effects) Looked at women who had it, often sexually abused Bitten by mad dog |
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Abraham Maslow
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Goal: to free people from all form of external control
People are basically good Thought there was such a things as a healthy subconscious Rather than wanting to do bad and sometimes doing good, we want to do good and sometimes do bad Hey, Freud, how do you draw conclusions about healthy people by studying sick people People get mentally ill because of a lack of love and respect People are perpetually wanting things Actualisation needs: water>food>safety>love and belongingness>esteem needs >intellectual needs>self-actualisation Love and respect are psychological vitamins Self-actualisation – people are doing what they love |
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Sigmund Freud
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Id, ego, superego; Believes all human beings are essentially evil
Reaction formation (defense mechanism where you defend against anxiety by doing what you don't want to) People get mentally ill from the repression of memories of sexually traumatic events that actually happened |
