Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Name the three main themes |
1. Geography and climate as historical "actors" 2. Scarcity, lack of transportation, and lack of communication 3. The relationship between religion and the state in the western experience |
|
|
Mountains |
Hostile effect to permanent residence Food is difficult, (water is abundant) |
|
|
Highlands |
Water runoff goes through this Somewhat nomadic people |
|
|
Plains |
Good flat land Ideal farming land Most civilizations crop up around rivers Swamps bring disease Communication is easier here |
|
|
Coast |
Marine society needed wood Trade and conquest could fill sustenance |
|
|
Islands |
Isolation (can be behind or ahead tech) Sustained complexity |
|
|
Nomadism |
Nomad-Farmer Frontier Nomad more in highland region Climate puts pressure |
|
|
Nile River |
Predictable annual flooding |
|
|
What was the symbol of the Pharoah? |
Symbol was a crook and flail |
|
|
Egyptian Religion |
Elite Religion Priestly class Popular Amulates - Divine power channeled through |
|
|
Describe Ma'at |
Harmony, truth, justice |
|
|
Describe Hyksos |
"Foreign Rulers" |
|
|
Name some aspects of Sumerian Culture |
Women are not trusted partners Strict linguistic culture Saying ill to or against "Shamesh" is saying evil upon yourself |
|
|
Name some aspects of Messopotamia |
Unpredictable weather, and disasters Raging spring floods, frequent raids |
|
|
Ten Commandments |
Bible proverbs, favorite form of instruction in the ancient cultures stretching from Nile to China. |
|
|
Polytheistic/Paganism |
Individualistic |
|
|
Salvation Religions |
Judaism, Christianity, Zoroastrianism, Islam. |
|
|
Theory of Forms |
Plato This reality & higher reality of ideal forms The Archetype |
|
|
Tyranny |
Cruel or oppressive government rule |
|
|
Oligarchy |
Rule by few |
|
|
Perikles |
Led a revolution with the rowers Allowing most to participate in Senate |
|
|
Ancient Greek Sexuality |
Single Gender Theory |
|
|
Pederasty |
Relationship between grown man and child |
|
|
Peloponnesian War |
431-404 BC |
|
|
Thebes |
Conquers Messinia, frees the Helotes |
|
|
Macedonia |
Highland culture, considered barbaric Philip II, of Macedon Introduces stirrups for horse riding Philip killed by bodygaurd |
|
|
Who did Philip II leave to succeed his throne? |
Alexander (The Great) |
|
|
Who was Alexander a student of? |
Aristotle |
|
|
Describe Plato's Republic |
Talks about the different forms of government Aristocracy: Certain amount of people who are ruled by a philosopher King Timocracy: Rule by property owners Oligarchy: "Rule by few" |
|
|
(334 BC), Alexander invades _______ ushering in the ________ period. |
Persia, Ptolemic |
|
|
After defeating Egypt, Alexander declares himself this. |
Pharoah |
|
|
Septuagint |
Greek old testament |
|
|
Koine |
Greek language New Testament is written in this |
|
|
Archimedes |
Mathematician, inventor |
|
|
Herophilus of Chalcedon |
Studied human bodies |
|
|
Cynicism |
"Common sense" |
|
|
Stoics |
"Unaffected" |
|
|
Epicureanism |
Everything is made up of atoms, so when you die your body becomes part of the Earth again. |
|
|
Etruscans |
Non Indo-European |
|
|
What are some aspects of Carthaginian culture? |
Practiced child sacrifice |
|
|
Magna Graccia |
Southern half of Greece |
|
|
What resulted after Alexander the Great was killed? |
His empire began to collapse |
|
|
What foundation was laid down by the Macedonian empire Alexander created after it's downfall? |
The aspect of Greek culture Alexander created laid the foundation for early Roman life. |
|
|
Gauls |
Spoke Celtic and Germanic |
|
|
Describe one of the theories regarding the mythical founding of Rome. |
Rome was originally founded by Romulus and Raemus. |
|
|
Describe the other myth of the mythical founding of Rome. |
Rome was founded by Aeneas, who escaped Troy. |
|
|
Describe the myth of Lucretia and how it develops into the founding of Rome. |
Tarquin "The Proud" rapes Lucretia, she then kills herself. Due to pride Tarquin is overthrown, and the people found the Roman Republic. |
|
|
After Gaul invades and trashes Rome, what war ensues? |
The Samnite wars They came down from the highlands and began causing trouble. Samnites ally with Greece to take on Rome, it ends badly for them. By this time Rome controls most of Italy |
|
|
Which general did the Greeks appeal to help them? |
Pyhrrus Hailed from across the sea |
|
|
Describe the Poeni/Punic Wars. |
Hannibal treks elephants through Spain to Italy Ends up getting defeated 20 years later |
|
|
Who controlled Greece after Alexander died? |
Antigonids |
|
|
What part did Philip V of Macedon play in the Macedonian Wars? |
|
|
|
What were the Reforms of the Gracchi? |
Two brothers who tried to take away nobles land & redistribute it among the poor, to stabilize the economy. Both were eventually killed off. |
|
|
What did Gaius Marius and Sulla have in common? |
Both want to go to conquer Anatolia, results in civil war. Two armies descend on Rome. |
|
|
Pompeius Magnus |
Takes armies East and conquers middle East land. Senate refuses to ratify Magnus' land. |
|
|
Who did Pompeius Magnus go to for help conquering more land? |
Julius Caesar. He begins the Gallic Wars Caesar conquers so much land he takes Rome, ends up getting assassinated. |
|
|
What is Classical? |
The standard |
|
|
Who was Catiline? |
A figure who gathered support to overthrow Roman Senate. Cicero called out Catiline and had him killed |
|
|
Who was Octavian? |
Became a religious official, builds temples all over. Extremely rich Eventually becomes ruler of Rome |
|
|
Who did Emperor Octavian go to war with? |
Egypt Defeats Egypt (Marc Antony), and calls himself Augustus, Princepes, Imperator This period is called the Principate |
|
|
Who takes over the throne after Octavian dies? |
Tiberius |
|
|
Year of the four Emperors |
Gaius, Claudius, Nero, Galba |
|
|
Pax Romana |
Roman peace |
|
|
Diocletion |
Has a big problem with Christianity |
|
|
Hellenized Jews |
Jews spread about Those that spoke Greek |
|
|
Jesus of Nazareth |
Jesus |
|
|
James the Just |
Jesus' brother |
|
|
Paul of Tarsus |
Helenized Jew |
|
|
In Hoc Signo Vinces |
"In this sign you will conquer" |
|
|
Council of Nicaea (325 AD) |
Nicaean creed - said Jesus was 100% man and God |
|
|
Arians |
Believed Jesus was mostly man |
|
|
Orthodoxy |
Means "Right belief" |
|
|
Isapostolos |
Christians declare Constantine this after his death |
|
|
Who lead the Visigoths during their campaign against Rome? |
Alaric |
|
|
Why did the Visigoths sack Rome? |
For not holding up their end of the bargain by helping out |
|
|
Monasticism |
Monks |
|
|
Asceticism |
Living with very little |
|
|
What are the 4 major Christian cities? |
Constantinople Antioch Rome Alexandria |
|
|
Nestorianism |
Two natures, complex relationship |
|
|
Who did Emperor Justinian I persecute? |
The Monophsyts This caused the Nika Riots |
|
|
Who was Theodora? |
Empress of the Byzantine Empire Wife of Emperor Justinian I |
|
|
Corpus Ioris Civilis |
Justinian's Code, Roman Law |
|
|
Leo the Isaurian |
Byzantine Emperor |
|
|
What does "Carthago Delando Est" mean? |
Carthage must be destroyed |
|
|
Where was Jesus from? |
Probably Galilea |
|
|
Who were the three main ancient Roman/Greek philosphers? |
Socrates Plato Aristotle |
|
|
Who was Julius Caesar's adopted son? |
Octavion |
|
|
Why were the Minoan's still relatively unknown to us? |
We can't read their language Linear A |
|
|
What was a normal aspect of Roman culture? |
1. Child cleansing |
