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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Olive Branch Petition
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peace petition; delegates declared loyalty to king
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Green Mountain Boys
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Vermont colonial militia led by Ethan Allen; made a surprise attack on Ticonderoga
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Continental Army
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army established by the Second Continental Congress to fight the British
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Patriot
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colonist who favored war against Britain
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Loyalist
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colonist who remained loyal to Britain
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Battle of Bunker Hill
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first major battle of the Revolution
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blockade
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the shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out
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mercenary
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soldier who fights merely for pay, often in a foreign country
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Thomas Paine
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political philosopher and essayist during the American Revolution
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"Common Sense"
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essay by Thomas Paine that urged the colonies to declare independence
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Richard Henry Lee
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leader during the American Revolution who made a resolution that gave rose to the Declaration of Independence
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Thomas Jefferson
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wrote the Declaration of Independence
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Declaration of Independence
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document stating that the 13 colonies were a free and independent nation
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traitor
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person who betrays his or her own country
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preamble
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introduction to a declaration, constitution or other official document
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natural rights
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rights that belong to all people from birth
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Battle of Long Island
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battle in New York where more than 1,400 Americans were killed, wounded or captured
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Nathan Hale
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American spy who was hung in New York by the British; "I only regret that I have but one life to lose for may country."
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Battle of Trenton
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battle in New Jersey in whcih George Washington's troops captured a Hessian encampment in a surprise attack
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General John Burgoyne
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British general who had a plan to cut off New England from the rest of the colonies; defeated at the Battle of Saratoga
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Battle of Saratoga
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the first major American victory in the Revolution; ended the British threats to New England
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Marquis de Lafayette
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French noble who brought trained soldiers to help the Patriot cause
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Friedrich von Steuben
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came from Prussia and helped train Washington's troops to march and drill
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Thaddesu Kosciusko
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Polish engineer who helped build forts and other defenses
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Valley Forge
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Pennsylvania site of Washington's Continental Army encampment during the winter of 1777-1778
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ally
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nation that works with another nation for a common purpose or goal
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cavalry
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troops on horseback
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Mary Ludwig Hays
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known as Molly Pitcher for carrying water to soldiers; took her husbands place when wounded
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Peter Salem
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Black soldier who played an important role in Battle of Bunker Hill
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George Rodgers Clark
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led Virginia frontier fighters; got British to surrenfder at Vincennes with small force
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Bernardo de Galvez
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governor of Spanish LA who secretly supplied Patriots medicine, cloth, muskets and gunpowder; then he seized British forts along Missip River; Galveston, TX named after him
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John Paul Jones
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Navy commander who was at the helm of Bonhomme Richard and attacked the British warship Serapis; British surrendered
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Henry Clinton
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British commander who marched south to win Loyalists; captured Savannah, GA and Charleston, SC
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Charles Cornwallis
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British General in charge of troops in South; his defeat at Yorktown, VA ended the war
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Nathanael Greene
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Patriot General of CA in South; ability as a military leader was second only to Washington
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Daniel Morgan
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Patriot General who won the Battle of Cowpens(one of the bloodiest), SC; divide front line and rear line
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Francis Marion
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"Swamp Fox" - He used guerrilla or hit-and-run tactics to harass the British
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Benedict Arnold
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American traitor who captured and burned Richmond, VA; never captured
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Comte de Rochambeau
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led French soldiers, along with CA, to Yorktown to trap Cornwallis
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Battle of Yorktown
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final major action of the Revolution; British surrendered on October 19, 1781
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Treaty of Paris
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peace treaty between US and Britain; ratified in 1783; recognized the US as an independent nation
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guerrila
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soldier who uses hit-and-run tactics
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siege
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military blockade or bombardment of an enemy town or position in order to force it to surrender
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ratify
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to approve
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