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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What year was the Magna Carta signed?
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1215
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What King was forced to sign the Magna Carta?
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King John
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Was was the Magna Carta about?
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Limited the power of the kings, first written powers to nobles.
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When was the Battle of Agincourt?
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1415
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What was important about the Battle of Agincourt?
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new technology, the long bow, and new soldiers-the commoners as opposed to knights.
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When was Joan of Arc executed for heresy?
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1431
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What is the English Reformation?
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When Henry VIII declared the king to be the head of the English church, not the Pope. This is when England becomes protestant, not Catholic.
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Why did Henry VIII force England to become a protestant country?
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Because he wanted a divorce from Catherine of Aragon in order to marry Anne Boleyn and the Pope would not grant it.
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What political reason was there for the English Reformation?
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Take power away from the Catholic church and give it to the monarch.
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How did Henry VIII accomplish the English Reformation?
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Through force, he killed Catholics, priests, and forbade mass.
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Who was Elizabeth?
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Daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. She became Queen of England after her half sister, Mary, died. She was protestant.
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Under which ruled was the Spanish Armada defeated?
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Queen Elizabeth.
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Who ruled England during its Golden Age?
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Queen Elizabeth.
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Which English king oversaw the translation of the bible into English?
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King James
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What did King James and King Charles believe in?
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Divine right of kings.
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How did King James and King Charles treat the Puritans?
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persecution
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What legal document gave rights to English nobles?
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Petition of Rights
Habeas Corpus |
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Did King Charles I respect the right of Habeas Corpus?
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No, he still threw people in jail for no reason because he believed in absolute monarchy.
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What happened to Charles I?
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Tried for treason and beheaded.
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Who led the revolt against Charles I?
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Oliver Cromwell
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What was Cromwell's attitude toward religion.
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Tolerance.
Jews, protestants welcome but not Catholics as much. |
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What is a constitutional monarch?
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sharing of power between Parliment and monarch in England under Cromwell.
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What was the Restoration?
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Parliment invites Charles II back to be the king of England, England returns to a monarch from a commonwealth.
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What was the Glorious Revolution?
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Parliament's supremacy over the monarch.
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Who became the ruler in the Glorious Revolution?
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William and Mary
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What was the real impact of the Glorious Revolution?
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true limited monarchy: Parliament controlled money, there were limits on a standing army, creation of the Bank of England, some religious tolerance and the protestant succession.
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What was the Petition of Rights in 1628 about?
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The Commons was angry with Charles I, they presented the king with a petition condemning forced loans to the king, billeting soldiers, imprisonment of subjects without cause...Charles accepted the petition but really ignored it.
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Name the six kings starting with Henry VIII
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Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, (last Tudor king and queen): four Stuart kings, James I, Charles I, Charles II and James II.
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What was the English Reformation?
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Series of events in 16th century where the Catholic Church in England broke away from the Pope and Catholicism and became the Anglican Church, headed by the King. Henry VIII
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What was the Protestant Reformation?
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An attempt by Martin Luther and other religious leaders to reform certain aspects of the Catholic Church. These reforms were very important and ultimately resulted in a schism or divide of Christianity between Catholicism and Protestantism.
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What was the counter reformation?
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The Catholic Church's efforts to reform from within certain aspect in order to respond to the reforms of the protestant reformation.
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Who was Martin Luther?
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a priest in Germany, at the end of the 15th century, wrote 95 thesis and tacked it to the village church wall, beginning of the protestant reformation.
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What is a schism?
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A split or a divide.
In the context of the protestant reformation, the schism was in the church between Catholic and Protestant. |
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What was the religious significance of the Treaty of Westphalia?
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Each monarch had the right to determine the religion (Catholic or protestant) in their country.
Other religions could practice their faith. |
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What is mercantilism?
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Shipping raw materials from the colony back to the mother country. Finishing the materials into products in the mother country, then shipping the finished product back to the colony for sale. This is a process that maximizes profits for the mother country.
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What was the triangle trade?
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England (or another country), buys or steal black slave in Africa. It ships them by force to the colonies where they are sold for labor. England buys the raw materials from the colonies and ships it back to England were it is consumed or manufactured. The goods are sold outside the mother country and the profits buy more slaves.
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What is mercantilism?
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Shipping raw materials from the colony back to the mother country. Finishing the materials into products in the mother country, then shipping the finished product back to the colony for sale. This is a process that maximizes profits for the mother country.
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What was the triangle trade?
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England (or another country), buys or steal black slave in Africa. It ships them by force to the colonies where they are sold for labor. England buys the raw materials from the colonies and ships it back to England were it is consumed or manufactured. The goods are sold outside the mother country and the profits buy more slaves.
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What did the Petition of Rights do?
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Limit the power of the king.
1. King can not collect taxes without Parliament's consent. 2. Civilians can not be forced to provide food and shelter for soldiers. 3. Military law can not be imposed in a time of peace. 4. No person can be kept in prison unless charged with a specific crime. (Habeas corpus) |
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What does Habeas Corpus mean?
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you can not be kept in prison without being charged for a specific crime.
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Which king was forced to sign the Petition of Right?
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Charles I
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Why did Charles I disband Parliament for 11 years?
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Because Charles I ignored the Petition of Right, Parliament protested and he shut them down.
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Who did Charles I persecute?
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Puritans and Presbyterians
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Why did Charles I reconvene Parliament?
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He needed money to fight in Scotland.
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When was the English Civil War?
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1642-1651
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What were they fighting about?
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Money, power and religion
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Who led the Puritans in the English civil war?
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Oliver Cromwell
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What happened to Charles I
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He was beheaded.
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What form of government did Cromwell set up?
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commonwealth
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When Cromwell died, what happened?
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Parliament invited Charles II to become king and return England to a constitutional monarchy.
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Why did Parliament offer the crown to Mary, daughter of James II and nice of Charles II?
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Because they wanted a protestant leader.
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When William and Mary took the leadership of England in 1689, what was it called?
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The Glorious Revolution
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What major bill accompanied the Glorious Revolution?
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The English Bill of Rights.
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