Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
mercantile system
|
economic policy based on the control of foreign trade
|
|
|
characteristics of mercantile system
|
gold and silver stay constant
portion of the wealth that is owned changes wealth is gained by taking it from others |
|
|
merits of the mercantile system
|
growth
tax breaks ensures property military strength |
|
|
people began to populate America
|
10,000 bc
|
|
|
10 million people living in new world
|
1492
|
|
|
Adena-hopewell
|
800bc- 600ad hunter gatherer
|
|
|
mississippian
|
600ad- 1500ad agriculture and settlement planning
|
|
|
hohokam-anazasi
|
400bc-present settlement patterns and road networks
|
|
|
algonguian tribe
|
fishermen farmers small semi permanent village
|
|
|
iroquoian
|
farmers permanent village
|
|
|
dependent on fishing
|
Western tribes
|
|
|
Vikings
|
farmers that take from others
|
|
|
Vikings 900
|
raiding Ireland, settling in France
|
|
|
Vikings fail?
|
ships could not hold much. they wanted easy land to steal
|
|
|
Christopher Columbus
|
born in Genoa 1457
|
|
|
sponsored by Spain 1492
|
Christopher Columbus
|
|
|
3 small ships (CC)
|
Nina pinta Santa Marie
|
|
|
4 voyages (cc)
|
1492- San Salvador
1493- returns w/ exploration of carribean 1494- treaty of tordesilla 1498- exploration along northern coast 1502- exploration central America |
|
|
1504 (cc)
|
returns to Europe
|
|
|
1506 (cc)
|
Columbus dies
|
|
|
John Cabot
|
1497- first European- north American continent
|
|
|
amerigo vespucci
|
1499- south America- continent
|
|
|
Vasco Nunez
|
1513- sights pacific ocean
|
|
|
Ferdinanal Magellan
|
1519- sets sail to circumnavigate the world
|
|
|
Magellans voyage (4)
|
1519-1522
discovers guam discovers Phillipines - killed 1522- crew makes it back |
|
|
Aztec (2)
|
capital of Mexico City
10,000 human sacrifice |
|
|
Spanish subjection of Aztecs (4)
|
1519- spanish persuaded to attack Aztecs
1520- Aztecs fight back 1521- Cortez returns with reinforcement 1522- Aztec falls |
|
|
Spain in North America
|
-create a buffer zone
1565 st augustine settled |
|
|
James 1
|
1603-1675 catholic
|
|
|
Charles 1
|
1625-1648 catholic
|
|
|
Oliver Cromwell +1
|
1650-1658 not royalty puritan
|
|
|
Charles 2 +1
|
1660-1685 catholic peaceful death
|
|
|
James 2
|
1685-1688 catholic
|
|
|
William and Mary +1
|
1688-1701 set up bill of rights catholic
|
|
|
Queen Anne
|
1702- 1714
|
|
|
Virginia (5)
|
southern colony
1607- Jamestown was founded 1609- dispatches more settlers 1609-1610- the starving time 1612- Tabacco introduced |
|
|
Maryland (3) southern colony
|
proprietary- catholic
1634- founded by lord Baltimore, George Calvert freedom of worship |
|
|
North Carolina (3) southern colony
|
1650- settled by colonist for Virginia
1704- first town established 1729- royal colony |
|
|
South Carolina (3) southern colony
|
8 proprietary lords
1669- colonist from Barbados arrive to grow sugar cane 1729- becomes a separate royal colony from n.c. |
|
|
Georgia (2) southern colony
|
1732- King George 2 grants 21 men land
1754- royal colony |
|
|
Massachusetts (new England) (3)
|
1620- mayflower headed to Virginia but landed at cape cod
William Bradford- leader 1691- royal colony |
|
|
Massachusetts bay ( new England) (3)
|
1629- charter issued by Charles 1
led by John Winthrop 1630-700 set sail to Massachusetts 200 died |
|
|
Membership in Puritan church=
|
voter
|
|
|
Rhode Island- new England
|
charter
1631- Rodger William arrives at Plymouth 1635- banished to England 1640- settlers form a confederation |
|
|
Connecticut charter(3)
|
1633- settled by colonist from Massachusetts
1636- Thomas hooker settles 3 towns 1637- self governing colony formed |
|
|
new Hampshire
|
1622- issues a charter to sir Fernando and John mason
1629- territory divided mason takes south new Hampshire George takes north 1679- royal |
|
|
new york (4)
|
proprietary
1626- Manhattan bought by dutch 1664- people not happy. England takes over 1686- guarantee freedom and duke of York leads |
|
|
new Jersey (4)
|
proprietary
1665- duke granted John Berkeley and George carteret land 1676- divided east and west 1707- united |
|
|
Pennsylvania (5)
|
proprietary
1647- quaker founded by George 1681- William Penn bought land from George carteret 1682-duke grants land to penn 1704 Delaware granted own governor |
|
|
4 waves of British colonization
|
puritans to new England
aristocrats to Virginia quakers to Pennsylvania celts, irish, Scottish Appalachian |
|
|
myth of untouched land
|
-stable environment
-balance with nature -sharing with communities |
|
|
European changes (3)
|
property ownership
fences enclosures plotting destructive farming |
|
|
North America (4)
|
cheap available land
scarce expensive labor family size increases average marriage 20 |
|
|
Europe (4)
|
most land is owned
overbundance of labor family size decreases marriage 26 |
|
|
women in colonies (3)
|
weak but necessary
hysteria contentment comes from husband |
|
|
positives of agriculture
|
favorable climate for crops
fast profits balance trade with England |
|
|
negative
|
soil depletion
lack of diversity labor is scarce |
|
|
indentured servitude
|
a person who agrees to work for someone who has paid their passage to the new land
|
|
|
indentured servitude rights
|
No trading
no marriage w/o consent 4-7 year contract |
|
|
slavery
|
1619-20 Africans transported to Jamestown
|
|
|
new york city slavery (2)
|
1700s more slaves than any other city
feared uprising of slaves |
|
|
expensive fish
|
sold to Europe
|
|
|
inexpensive fish
|
West indies for slave food
|
|
|
shipbuilding (4)
|
massive industry
cheaper in America than England encouraged growth of industries finished product instead of raw goods |
|
|
new England trade
|
Harder at first because they couldn't compete with souths cash crops
|
|
|
No restrictions and in demand (3)
|
timber
fur whale oil |
|
|
dominated early colonial life of new England
|
puritans
|
|
|
1650 (puritan)
|
Britain launches investigation on church abuses
|
|
|
royal charter- puritan (2)
|
1691- land ownership
voting rights |
|
|
tituba
|
1692- tells stories to girls
they act weird put on trial |
|
|
1693 (salem)
|
19 people dead
100 jailed |
|
|
grow because of religion tolerance
|
new york and Pennsylvania
|
|
|
enlightenment (3)
|
1600-1700
reform society deists emerged |
|
|
Benjamin Franklin (3)
|
born 1706
famous deist lover of science/girls |
|
|
the great awakening (2)
|
1730-1740
low church membership |
|
|
attacked diests as the root of the problem
|
Johnathan Edwards
|
|
|
William Tennant and sons
|
scared people with the fear of hell fire and brimstone
|
|
|
George Whitefield
|
1739- arrived in phili.
|
|
|
1741
|
sinners in the hand of an angry God sermon by Edwards
|
|
|
responses to the great awakening (4)
|
women became targets
undermining church authority factions spilt from the church colleges began taking denominational foundations |
|
|
1657 navagation act
|
all goods to England had to be transported on British ships
majority of crew had to be English |
|
|
1660 navagation acts
|
a ships crew had to be 3/4th English
select goods could only be shipped to England |
|
|
1663 navagation act
|
all colonial goods had to be shipped to England for redistribution
|
|
|
more navagation acts (6)
|
1675- Charles 2 creates lords of trade agency
1676- Edward random send to Massachusetts to in force navagation acts 1678- Massachusetts declared the navigation act had no legal basis 1684- Massachusetts charter annulled 1685- James 2 demands more control, creates dominion of new England 1686- sir andros send to consolidate all of new England |
|
|
glorious revolution
|
William and Mary institute bill of rights and act of toleration in 1689
work to bring back colonies under monarchical authority |
|
|
refinement of navagational acts
|
1696
|
|
|
internal auditors
|
make sure laws are being followed
1696-1725 |
|
|
Spain
|
1700s owns huge areas of land but little settlement
|
|
|
France (4)
|
1603 exploration along st lawrence and great lakes
1608 new France and Quebec founded as french colonies smaller amount of colonist traded on unclaimed Indian lands work with native American |
|
|
French exploration
|
1673- Louis Jolliet and Marquette explore Michigan and half miss. river
1682- Rene Robert cavelier explores gulf of Mexico 1699- french settlement of Louisiana 1718- new Orleans founded Louisiana will obtain France |
|
|
French advantages
|
access to mississippi river
relationship w/ native Americans ease of mobilization lack of religious diversity |
|
|
French an Indian war
|
France and Britain believed that who ever controlled Ohio river valley would control north America
|
|
|
French response (2)
|
built forts in the area and became allies with Indians
fort Duquesne established by French |
|
|
1754- french
|
june- french patrol caught/ slaughtered
July- Washington defeated at fort necessity |
|
|
the American battlefield
|
1755- Edward Braddock sent to command British forces in North America
Washington barley survives |
|
|
seven years war (4)
|
1756
William pit- leader of British treated colonies as allies appointed men of ability to lead |
|
|
the end of french and Indian war
|
1758 favor of the British
1759 British forces capture Quebec France surrenders Spain and Britain swap Florida and Louisiana |
