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183 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
As Napoleon retreated from Russia, Everyone in Europe broke from their Alliances with Napoleon and joined the
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Russians
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The four contries that made up the final alliance to defeat Napoleon were
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Prussia
Austria Great Britain Sweden |
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October 1813-Napoleons forces and the army of the 4th Coalition met at
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Lepitz in Saxony
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The 4th Coalition (allies) beat the french and Napoleon retreated into
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France
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The Allies captured ____ in March 1814
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Paris
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Napoleon tried to abdicate in favor of his
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Son
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The 4th coalition granted Napoleon with a ____ & allowed him to retire to the small island of ____.
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Pension
Elba |
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The Allie now began to negotiate a peace treaty at the ____
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Congress of Vienna
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France was ordered to return to her borders of ____ & the ____ Monarchy was restored.
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1792
Bourbon |
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_____ was now head of this bourbon monarchy.
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Louis XVII
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He began to make enemies among the
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French People
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Napoleon escaped from Elba with
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1000 men
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Napoleon lands in France on
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March 15, 1815
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When Louis XVII sent troops to capture Napoleon, he faced them saying __"
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"If there is one among you who wishes to kill his emporer, he can do so, Here I am"
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Napoleon led a triumphant army into ___ on March 20th
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Paris
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Napoleon leading an army into Paris started a period called __
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"100 Days"
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After being defeated, escaping exile & forcing an army into paris Napoleon
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once again ruled France
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Louis XVII Fled to
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Brussels
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After Louis XVII fled, Napoleon Renounced all claims to
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territories
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Napoleon was mistake under the command of the ___ __ _______
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Duke of Wellington ( The combined armies of Prussia, G.B., and the Netherlands)
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These allies once again defeat Napoleon and give him a ____
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Humiliating retreat.
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Napoleon, for the 2nd time abdicated and the _____ Monarchy returned
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Bourbon
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After being officially defeated, Napoleon is sent to live in ____
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St. Helena
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Peace was restored in Europe with the ____
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defeat of Napoleon
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After Napoleon was living in St. Helena, Europe reached an important _____.
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Turning Point
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For more then 25 years, the most pwerful influence had been the ____ _____.
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French Revolution
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As Long as Napoleon ruled France, the gov't of other nations feared that France would export _______ _____.
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Political Interest.
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Beside Political Interest, other nations feared that France would ____ ___ _______.
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Challenge their authority.
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Once Napoleon was defeated, European Powers were determined to _____ _____, ____ ____, & ___ ___ __ ____ _ __ ________.
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Restore Order, keep peace and squeech the ideas of the Revolution
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After 1815 Europen Powers followed policies designed to maintain ____.
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stability
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Stability could be acheived only by settling ____ & ____ questions arising from the Napoleonic Wars.
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Political
Territorial |
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A conference help in the Austrian capital undertook the setting of these questions
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Congress of Vienna
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About _____ Diplomats attended the Congress of Vienna.
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700
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Napoleon's return from exile interrupted the _____ __ ______.
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Congress of Vienna
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_____ _____, ______, ______, & ______ had done the most defeat to Napoleon.
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Great Britain, Austria, Russia & Prussia
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Representatives for the Congress of Vienna were :
_________ - foreign secretary - G.B. _________ - cheif minister - Austria _________ I - Russia _________ III - Prussa |
Lord Castleraugh
Metternich Czar Alexander I Frederick William III |
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Charles Maurice de Tallyrand played and imporant part of the _____.
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Congress of Vienna.
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Talleyrand weilded great influence as the Representative of ____.
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Louis XVII
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The 4 Principles of COngress of Vienna
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Legitimacy
Balance of Power France had to be weakened Prussia and Russia had to be compensated for their losses |
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Legitimacy -
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former ruling had to be restored
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Balance of Power
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meant that the nations of Europe had to keep any 1 nation from becoming too powerful
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Britain, Austria, Prussia & Russia have to be compensated for their losses:
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The naitons that suffered the most at the hands of Napoleon had to be compensated
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The two most difficult problems with balancing power concerened _____ & the German ____ __ ____.
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Poland
Stone of Saxony |
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From Prussia's polish territory, Napoleon had created the Grand ____ __ ______.
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Duchy of Warsaw.
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Napoleon granted the Grand Duchy of Warsaw to the ___ __ ______.
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King of Saxony
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Great Britain and Austira opposed Russia and Prussia getting the Grand Duchy of Warsaw because they wanted to _____ ______ __ _____ & feared Russia would become too strong.
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maintain balance of power
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Austria feared Prussia becoming more powerful with the addition of ______.
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Saxony
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Talleyrand suggested a compromise that settled the argument. Most of what had been the Grand Duchy of Warsaw went to ____ & Prussia for the rest of it.
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Russia
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The ____________ received the Dutch.
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Netherlandsq
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The Austrians as compensation gained the _______ _____ _____.
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Northerin Italian States, Venetia of Lombardy
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Austria also became rulers of Northern Italian States of _____,____, and Tuscany.
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Parma
Modena |
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Russia also gained _____ from Sweden
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Finland
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Sweden received _____ for fighting against Napoleon.
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Norway
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Prussia received an are along teh lower ____ River as well as its share of Saxony and Poland.
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Rhine
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Great Britain did not receive any territory in Europe, but it didg gain possesisions _______.
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overseas
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Great Britain's gained included islands in the French west Indies and the Mediterranean Island of ____.
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Malta
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From the Danish, the British Gained ______.
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Helgoland
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From the Dutch, the British received _______.
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Cape Colony
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France was 1. ________ and 2. its boundaries were returned to what they had been in 1792.
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stripped of its conquests.
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Indemnity
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Compensation to other nations for damages it had inflicted on them
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Reactionaries are ______.
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Extremists
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The Europeon countries returned to _______ as if nothing ever happened.
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absolutism
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National feelings began to have such a wisde influence that they became accepted as a basic _____ ____.
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political ideal.
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The hope for a United italy by Italians was ______.
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unsuccessful
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Instead of becoming a united Italy, the states were put under a ____ foreign rule.
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hated
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The majors powers also blocked the desire of the polish people for nation of independance. ____ ____ ____
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Reaction, Absolutism, Nationalism
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Napoleon had consolidated many of the German states into the 16th _____ ______ of the Rhine.
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Member Confederation
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States including Prussia formed the ________ Confederation which had 39 members.
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German
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______ dominated the German confederation.
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Austria
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The idea of ________ haunted Europe.
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Revolution
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The Quadruple Alliance was formed by ____,_____,______, and _____.
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Austria
Prussia Russia Great Britain |
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The Quadruple Alliance's main purpose was to _______ ______ from dangers by which she may still be menaced".
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Garuntee Europe
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Revolutionary Movement members of teh Alliance agreed to make sure that France carried out the terms of the ____ _____.
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Peace Treaty
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Czar Alexander I doubted tat alliances alone could _____ peace and prevent ______.
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maintain
revolutions |
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______ _____ I firmly beleived in an absolute monarchy.
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Czar Alexander I
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Czar Alexander I beleived that Christain moral principles and a strong sense of duty should _____ monarchs.
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guide
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ALL RULERS PLEDGE THEMSELVES TO CHRISTIANITY by signing an agreement called the _____ alliance.
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holy
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All the rulers of Europe signed it except:
1 2 Turksish Sultan 3 |
1 British King
3 The Pope |
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Rulers signed the Holy Alliance only to _____.
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humor Czar Alexander I, had no intention of carrying it out.
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CastleReagh called the Holy Alliance "A ____".
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Nonsense
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The first of the periodic conferences for the quadruiple alliances met in ____.
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1818
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Status Quo:
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maintaing the balance of power established by the Congress of Vienna
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The ______ __ Europe grew out of the Quadruple Alliance.
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Concert of
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The Concert of Europe lasted until ____>
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1848
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Status Quo was directed towards
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Bourbon Rulers
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1815-1845 The Age of ______
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Metternich
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Reactionaries beleived strongly in an _______ monarchy.
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absolute
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Metternich beleived in suppressing the ideas of
1. freedom 2. speech 3. religion 4. |
press
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______ were imprisoned, fine or exiled.
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Liberals
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Metternich loathed ______ & _______.
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liberalism and rationalism
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______ Rulers made sure that no revolutionary movemnts would succeed there
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Hapsburg.
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In France, King Louis XVII moved cautiously in _____ affairs.
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domestic
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Neither a political nor Scientific Revolution
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Industrial
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Industrial Revolution resulted in a ____ and ____ transformation of European society.
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Social
Economic |
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The _______ revolution changed teh way goods were produced and people people lived that it completely transformed the world.
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Industrial
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The industrial revolution changed the world from rural/agricultural to ______/_____.
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urban/industrial
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The Agricultural Revolution begain in ____ ______.
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Great Britain.
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Before the 1600s English villages used _______ lands.
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common
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In the 1600s English farmers began to fence off or _____ these common lands to individual holding.
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enclose
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Scattered lands formed holdings that were more efficient for ____ ____ farming.
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large scale.
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The Enclosure Movement continuted into the _____.
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1700s
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The Enclosure Movement had 2 significant results
1.Wealthy land owners added to their holdings 2. |
2. Wealthier farmers didnt need consent to experiment
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_______ farmers took upo farming as a business.
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Gentleman
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Jethro Hill invented the ____ ___ to make it possible to plant seeds in regular rounds.
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Seed Drill
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Tull also invented the ____ Drawn Cultiator to do this work
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Horse
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Viscount Charles Townshend found a way for nutrients to _____
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replenish
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TH found that alternating different kinds of crops would preserve _______ _____
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soil fertility.
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Townshend's inventiton, called ____ _____ has become a basic principle of modern farming.
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Crop Rotation
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_____ Ransome made farm labor easier & increased production
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Robert
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Ransome invented the Iron Plow in place of the _____ Plow
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Wooden
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Robert Ransome was an American
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Blacksmith
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Robert Ransome invented an iron plow made in ____ parts
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3
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Many unemployed farm workers moved to the ____
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cities
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The industrial revolution followed the _____ revolution
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agricultural
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Great Britain had what economists call the _____ of _______.
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factors of production
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The resources necassary for the factors of Production are
1 2 3 |
land
labow capital |
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When economists speak of land they are referring too _____ resources.
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all natural
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Great Britain had an abundant supply of especially ___ and iron.
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coal
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Britains excellent harbors _______ trade and its many rivers provided water pweors and inland transportation.
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faciliated
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The _____ Textile Industry was the 1st industry to undergo merchanization in Great Britain
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Cotton
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Merchanization meant
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the use of automatic machinery that increased production.
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In the 1600s, British Business People began importing raw cottoma dn emplying ____ and ____ to make it into cloth
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spinners
weavers |
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This began the _____ System of men and women working in their homes.
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Domestic
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With all of the improvements, cotton cloth was now _____.
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cheaper
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In 1701 Great Britain imported _____ million pounds of cotton
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one
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In 1802 Breat Britain important ____ million pounds of cotton
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60
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The _____ ____ became a major export of raw cotton to Great Britain.
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United States
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______ _____ invented the Cotton Gin in 1793 this machine could do the work of 50 people in removing the cotton seed to prepare the cotton for the market
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Eli Whitney
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With the Cotton gin, Southern US met
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the demand of the British and became the Cotton Producation Center__ of the world
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_______ drove early machines of the IR although it was a great improvement over human power.
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waterpower
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Water quantity was liekly to vary with ___
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seasons
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New Source was found in
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steam
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James Hagreaves - 1764 invented
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spinning jenny
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Spinning Jenny produced 8x as much as
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spinning wheel
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The spinning jenny was named after
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James Hagreaves wife
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Richard Arkwright - 1769 invented
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water frame
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Water frames were
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large/costly
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The ______ ____ opened and this began the modern factory system
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spinning mill
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Samuel Compton - 1784 invented
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spinning mule
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Spinning mule now had plenty of thread which caused
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weavers to fall behind
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John Kay - 1733 invented
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flying shuttle
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Flying Shuttle allowed weaves to weave faster then
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spinners
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Edmund Catwrite - 1785 invented
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Power Loom
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In teh Power Loom 1 person could weave as much cloth as
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200 hand operators
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Because of the Power Loom ____
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the need for faster weaving process was met.
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Factors of Production
Land 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. |
1.Natural Resources
2.Water Sources 3.Forests 4.Minerals 5.Good Harbors |
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Water sources gave power and ____ transportation
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inland
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Minerals used were ___ & iron ore.
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coal
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Good Harbors ____
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faciliated trade
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Factors of Production
Labor 1.Works Came From Agriculutral Rev. a. b. |
a. enclosure movement
b. improvemnts in agriculture, new techniques and inventions |
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Factors of Production
Capital 1. 2. 3. 4. |
1.Investment Money
2.Using Investment Money to produce 3.Money Making Items 4.Factory Tools |
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Factory Tools consisted of
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Equipment
Machinery |
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Factors of Production
Management 1. Britsih abundance didnt.. |
discourage upper class to work in management positions
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Factors of Production
Overseas Colonies 1. Over ___ Colonies 2. ____ markets 3. Buy overproduction |
30
huge |
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Factors of Production
British Navy and Merchant Marine 1. 2. 3. |
1. Top in world
2.Trade Interest expan 3. Gave Ind. Needs more |
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Factors of Production
British Gov't was hand in hand with ____ & _____. Gov't passed laws favorable to ____ interests. |
traders & manufacturers
Business |
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Czar Alexandar I was from
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Russia
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Frederick WIlliam III was from
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Prussia
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Metternich was from
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Austria
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Castlereagh was from
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Great Britain
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The Ideals of the Revolution were
1 2 3 |
1 Liberty
2 Equality 3 Fraternity |
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Stabililty could only be acheived by
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settling political and territorial questions
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The Congree of Vienna was held in
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Austrian capital
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The Congress of Vienna began in 1814 when Napoleon was
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in exile
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Napoleons final defeat was in
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Waterloo
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Charles Maurice deTalleyrand was the
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represntative of deafeated France
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As compensation for the Netherlands loss, the Austrains gained the
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northern Italian states of Venetia and Lombardy.
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Austrain Hapsburgs were the rulers of the northen Italian States of
1 2 3 |
1 Parma
2 Modena 3 Tuscany |
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Napoleon had created the Grand Duchy of Warsaw from
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Prussia's Polish territory
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The Grand Dutchy of warsaw being givin to Russia threatened
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the balance of power the Congress of Vienna was trying to keep
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______ opposed the arrangement of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw
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Austria
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_____ had to pay a large Indemnity
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France
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Switzerland alone retained its ________ government
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constitutional
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Switzerland had promised to remain ______ in European wars
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neutral
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Napoleons conquests had resulted in
1 2 |
1. the spread of new political ideas
2. rise of nationalism |
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The four allies that finally defeated Napoeleon were
1 2 3 4 |
Great Britain
Austria Russia Prussia |
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The cheif purpose of the Quadruple alliance was to
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discuss common interests and help maintain peace
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What grew out of the Quadruple Alliance
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Concert of Europe
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The Concert of Europe was aimed at
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maintaining status quo
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______ joined the Quadruple alliance making it the Quintuple Alliance
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France
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Metternich was a _________
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reactionary
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________ beleived strongly in an absolute monarchy
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Metternich
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Liberalism included the importance of self liberties such as...
1. freedom of 2. 3. economic opprotunity |
thought
religion |