History 202 Mid-Term Exam Review

Front 1

Laws passed by southern states after the Civil War denying ex-slaves the civil rights enjoyed by whites and intended to force blacks back to the plantations

Back 1

Black Codes, under President Johnson

Front 2

Provided emergency aid to ex-slaves during the transition from war to peace

Back 2

Freedman's Bureau

Front 3

Under which republican senator's leadersip was the Freedman's Bureau extended and fully funded?

Back 3

Trumbull

Front 4

Amendment which declared that all persons born in the US were citizens, were protected over life, liberty, and property unless with regards to the law

Back 4

14th Amendment

Front 5

T or F: Rejection of the 14th Amendment served as a political maneuver for Johnson in the 1866 election. (campaign for democratic party)

Back 5

True

Front 6

Johnson's campaign against the 14th Amendment was supported by the Democratic or Republican party?

Back 6

Democratic

Front 7

What was the tactic used by the Republican party in Johnson's campaign against the 14th amendment

Back 7

"Waving the bloody shirt"

Front 8

T or F: The 13th Amendment prohibited slavery

Back 8

true

Front 9

T or F: The democratic party won the 1866 election holding onto Johnson's campaign against the 14th amendment.

Back 9

False, Republicans won undoing Johnson's reconstruction

Front 10

T or F: The Civil Rights Bill was ratified during Radical Reconstruction

Back 10

False, failed. 13,14, 15 amendments were passed

Front 11

an ancient scots-irish term for worthless animals; what southern white republicans were called by democratic ex-confederates

Back 11

scalawags

Front 12

self-seeking interlopers who carried all their property in cheap suitcases; term for the whites from the north

Back 12

carpetbaggers

Front 13

which amendment forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote based on "race, color, or previous condition of servitude"

Back 13

15th Amendment

Front 14

Lucy Stone, Julia Ward Howe, Susan B Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton all became a part of what?

Back 14

American Woman Suffrage Association

Front 15

What group was established at the same time blacks were given the right to vote and which party was allies with them?

Back 15

American Woman Suffrage Association; Republicans

Front 16

the labor system by which freedmen agreed to exchange a portion of their harvested crops with the landowner for use of the land, a house, and tools

Back 16

sharecropping

Front 17

a compromise b/t freedmen and white landowners

Back 17

sharecropping

Front 18

a terrorist organization in the south; murdered Republican politicians, burned black schools, caused Democrats to seize power

Back 18

Ku Klux Klan

Front 19

Who was the main force behind the KKK?

Back 19

Nathan Bedford Forrest

Front 20

What is considered THE WEST

Back 20

Left to the 98th Meridian (North Dakota through the lowest part of texas)

Front 21

Before cattle raising began, what had to be done?

Back 21

Extinction of buffalo

Front 22

The hiring of cowboys to herd the longhorn cattle hundreds of miles north to the railroads that were pushing west across kansas

Back 22

the famous Long Drive

Front 23

what was a makeshift method of bridging a gap in the developing transportation system in the American West

Back 23

Long Drive, cattle herding

Front 24

Offered 160 acres of public land to all comers due to the desert like climate the great plains offered

Back 24

Homestead Act of 1863

Front 25

Popular buffalo hunter for the railroads, worked for pony express

Back 25

Buffalo Bill Cody

Front 26

participants in the exodus to the dry prarie, Kansas, the promised land of racial freedom, migration of 6000 blacks from MI and LA

Back 26

Exodusters

Front 27

Battle of the Greasy Grass and Custer's Last Stand is also known as ?

Back 27

The Battle of Little Big Horn

Front 28

Battle led by Custer and the Seventh Cavalry on the Sioux Reservation in failed efforts to move the indians back the reservations

Back 28

Little Big Horn

Front 29

Act that authorized the president to carve up tribal lands which each family head recieving and allotment of 160 acres and individuals recieving smaller parcels. The land would be held by the govt for 25 years and the Indians would become US citizens

Back 29

Dawes Act of 1887

Front 30

T or F: People came to California in hopes of finding gold, with San Francisco as the hub of the mining empire that stretched to the Rockies

Back 30

True

Front 31

Which type of people migrated from Illinois and traveled across to Salt Lake City (Deseret) term hiving out was used

Back 31

Mormons

Front 32

Building of the Central Pacific Railroad was done by? From where to where?

Back 32

Chinese immigrants, Sacramento to the Sierra Nevada

Front 33

Production of wheat in CA turned into the production of?

Back 33

Fruits and Vegetables

Front 34

T or F: First to arrive in CA were the Japanese Immigrants, then eventually Mexican immigrants

Back 34

True

Front 35

who was president when the Great Strike began

Back 35

Rutherford B Hayes

Front 36

What deal put an official end to reconstruction?

Back 36

The Compromise of 1877

Front 37

When did the great strike start

Back 37

July 16th, 1877

Front 38

Which railroad line started the great strike?

Back 38

B & O

Front 39

a furnace that refined raw pig iron into steel, a metal harder and more durable than iron

Back 39

the Bessemer converter, exploited by Andrew Carnegie

Front 40

a legal form of organization that enabled private capital to be raised in huge amounts

Back 40

the corporation

Front 41

T or F: a corporation could not borrow money

Back 41

False, they could by issuing bonds

Front 42

what did Gustavus F Swift create

Back 42

a new kind of enterprise- VERTICALLY INTEGRATED FIRM

Front 43

type of enterprise that is capable of handling within its own structure all the functions of an industry

Back 43

vertically integrated firm

Front 44

one owner, several different products contrasted to where one product is sold in many different markets

Back 44

Vertically integrated contrasted to horizontally integrated

Front 45

Oil industry is an example of?

Back 45

Vertically integrated firms

Front 46

Women worked what 3 types of jobs usually?

Back 46

domestic servants, white-collar jobs like nursing/teaching, and in textile/garment factories and mills

Front 47

T or F: Sex-typing came to define how jobs were determined

Back 47

True

Front 48

scientific management was developed by whom?

Back 48

Fredrick Taylor

Front 49

a system of organizing work designed to get the maximum output from the individual worker and reduce the cost of production

Back 49

scientific management

Front 50

what were the 2 reforms Taylor suggested

Back 50

1. Eliminate the brain work from manual labor
2. Deprive workers of authority

Front 51

a secret society of garment workers in Philadelphia, became a national movement

Back 51

Knights of Labor

Front 52

Who was Terence Powderly?

Back 52

Leader of the knights of labor

Front 53

radical German theorist who wanted to bring about a classless society

Back 53

Karl Marx

Front 54

the wobblies, with the joining of WFM (miners) and socialists to create a new movement

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Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

Front 55

When a severe depression hit and railroad building ground to a halt, hundreds of workers lost their jobs, social order began to shake

Back 55

Panic of 1873

Front 56

a well known and trusted catalogue retailer based in chicago, IL, first mailorder business to guarantee satisfaction

Back 56

Montgomery Ward

Front 57

case in which the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the power of government to regulate private industries, had to do with the setting of maximum rates that private companies could charge for the storage and transport of agricultural products.

Back 57

Munn v Illinois

Front 58

structures housing 20 or more families in cramped airless apartments (in New York City)

Back 58

tenements

Front 59

One of Fredrick Olmstead's projects which led to larger park systems, broad boulevards and parkways and later zoning laws and planned suburbs

Back 59

City Beautiful Movement (NYC)

Front 60

Compiled b McAllister which announced that it would serve as a record of society, compromising an accurate and careful list of all those deemed eligible for NY society

Back 60

Social Register

Front 61

a community whose growth and development was strongly shaped by the use of streetcar lines as a primary means of transportation. The earliest suburbs were served by horsecars, but by the late 1800s cable cars and electric streetcars, or trams, were used, allowing residences to be built further away from the urban core of a city. (BOSTON)

Back 61

streetcar suburbs

Front 62

Magazines that appeared in the 1880s, advice literature that instructed wives that in addition to their domestic duties, they were responsible for bringing sensibility, beauty and love the household

Back 62

Good Housekeeping, Ladies Home Journal

Front 63

19th century term for highly organized groups operating within and intending to control political parties; acted as a rough and ready social service agency, leader Robert Lafollatte

Back 63

political machines

Front 64

was focused on individual redemption. The idea that the resolution of secular problems would follow the conversion of people to Christ

Back 64

revivalism

Front 65

an era of materialism and cultural shallowness

Back 65

Gilded Age

Front 66

the redlight district running from 23rd St b/t 5 and 8th Av, site of prostitution, drugs, and gay subculture, "uptown slummers"

Back 66

The Tenderloin

Front 67

Who Was Andrew Carnegie, and what did contribute to public libraries?

Back 67

He announced in 1881 that whe would build a library in any town or city that was prepared to maintain it. 32.7 million dollars later, he built a thousand all over the country

Front 68

a con to sky-scrapers, meant that the historic heritage of the country was at risk

Back 68

sacred skyline

Front 69

3 main immigration cities:

Back 69

New York, Chicago, Philadelphia

Front 70

an informal practice by which a political party, after winning an election, gives government jobs to its voters as a reward for working toward victory, and as an incentive to keep working for the party

Back 70

spoils system, changed after President Garfield was shot

Front 71

tax on imported goods aimed to raise revenue for govt and protecting domestic products from foreign competitition

Back 71

tariff

Front 72

The belief that the less the govt involvement, the better

Back 72

laissez-faire

Front 73

encouraged the notion that societies progress as a result of competition and the survival of the fittest, founded by Herbert Spencer

Back 73

Social Darwinism

Front 74

republicans mainly from NY and MA, referred to pompous or self-important persons, defined terms of political debate

Back 74

Mugwumps

Front 75

view that men and women had different gender defined characteristics and that the sexes inhabited and should inhabit different social worlds

Back 75

Separate Spheres (Men-politics and economics) (Women-home and family)

Front 76

founded populist party, from georgia, huge liberal

Back 76

Tom Watson

Front 77

laws that mapped out all of the precidents for legal separation between blacks and whites for every type of public facility

Back 77

Jim Crow laws

Front 78

Silver was demonetized, contributed to depression

Back 78

Crime of '73

Front 79

case dealing with taxation of railroad properties; U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the state tax assessor, not the county assessor, had the right to determine the taxable value of fenceposts along the railroad's right-of-way.

Back 79

Santa Clara County v Southern Pacific Railroad

Front 80

progressive leader who took up settlement house work believing that by uplifting the poor she would be uplifted, she experienced the joy of finding Christ

Back 80

Jane Addams

Front 81

Journalists who exposed the underside of American life such as the corruption of big businesses and the govt, term comes from John's Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progressq

Back 81

muckrakers

Front 82

idea that women should be equal to men in all areas of life, sought to overcome all barriers to equality and full personal development

Back 82

feminism

Front 83

Booker T Washingon's stance "accommodationist" in the sense that it gave up on political protest and avoided a direct assault on white supremacy.. had to do with the desegration of whites and how important they were in the workforce

Back 83

The Atlanta Compromise

Front 84

NAACP journal edited by Du Bois, the became a platform to demand equal rights

Back 84

The Crisis

Front 85

court orders prohibiting unions from carrying on strikes or boycotts

Back 85

injunctions

Front 86

first measure passed by the U.S. Congress to prohibit trusts; also involved interstate commerce

Back 86

Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890

Front 87

Type of political style that dramatized issues, mobilized public opinion and asserted leadership; used when companies abused their corporate power

Back 87

Square Deal

Front 88

What president used the tactic of square deal

Back 88

Teddy Roosevelt

Front 89

a new union of railroad workers led by Eurgene V Debs who organized all railroad workers not along craft lines

Back 89

American Railroad Union

Front 90

Came from Britain, served as minister to the US

Back 90

Sir Lionel Sackville-West

Front 91

the notion of a community of states of the western hemisphere; movement toward commercial, social, economic, military, and political cooperation among the nations of North, Central, and South America.

Back 91

Pan-Americanism

Front 92

the theory that the english speaking peoples were racially superior and for that reason justified in colonizing and dominating the peoples of less developed areas of the world

Back 92

Anglo-Saxonism

Front 93

which state had crucial strategic value, halfway station on the way to the philipines

Back 93

Hawaii

Front 94

formed to fight U.S. annexation of the Philippines, citing a variety of reasons ranging from the economic to the legal to the racial to the moral. It included among its members such notables as Andrew Carnegie, Mark Twain, William James, David Starr Jordan, and Samuel Gompers

Back 94

Anti-imperialist leagues

Front 95

a provision in cuba's constitution which gave the US the right to intervene if Cuban independence was threatened or if internal order broke down

Back 95

Platt Amendment

Front 96

agreement b/t Elbert H Gary and Roosevelt that said the company would open its books to the Bureau of Corporations, and if it found evidence of wrongdoing, the company would be warned and allowed to set things right

Back 96

Gentlemen's Agreement

Front 97

efforts of the United States — particularly under President William Howard Taft — to further its foreign policy aims in Latin America and East Asia through use of its economic power by guaranteeing loans made to foreign countries

Back 97

Dollar Diplomacy

Front 98

a poem by the English poet Rudyard Kipling. It was originally published in the popular magazine McClure's; was written in regard to the U.S. conquest of the Philippines and other former Spanish colonies.

Back 98

The White Man's Burden

Front 99

a Mexican revolutionary leader who advocated for the poor and wanted agrarian reform. Though he was a killer, a bandit, and a revolutionary leader, many remember him as a folk hero.

Back 99

Pancho Villa