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156 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What group was the first to have abolition? |
The Quakers |
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States wrote what early on which defined the power of the government? |
Constitutions |
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What set up the land surveying system we still use today? |
Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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What laid out the rules for creating new states? |
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 |
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The Land Ordinance of 1787 laid out the rules for what? |
Creating new states |
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What occurred when Massachusetts farmers protested for closures and taxes? |
Shays' Rebellion |
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The 1787 Convention was called to fix what? |
The Articles of Confederation |
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What was called to fix the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation? |
The 1787 Convention |
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During the convention, what occured? |
The Articles were abandoned in favor of a new constitutuion |
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The Great Compromise created what? |
Modern legislature composed of two houses |
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What created the modern two house legislature |
The Great Compromise |
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What two houses are the legislature composed of? |
Senate (upper) and House of Representatives (lower) |
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Another term for our legislature is? |
Congress |
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How many votes does the Senate get for each state? |
2 |
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How many votes does the House of Representatives allot to each state? |
Based on population |
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What counted slaves as 3/5 of a person? |
The Three Fifths Compromise |
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How is the president elected? |
Indirectly by the Electoral College |
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Which state was the first to ratify the constitution? |
Delaware |
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Which state ratified the constitution after getting a Bill of Rights to protect individual liberties? |
Massachusetts |
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Which state made the constitution officially ratified? |
New Hampshire |
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Which state was won over by the federalist papers? |
New York |
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Which state was the last to ratify the constitution? |
Rhode Island |
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Washington's body of advisors was called? |
The Cabinet |
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Who created the Cabinet |
Washington |
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Who was the key figure as Secretary of State in Washington's Cabinet? |
Alexander Hamilton |
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Hamilton structured the financial system to favor who? |
The wealthy |
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What was the first test of power of the new government? |
The Whiskey Rebellion |
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Opposition to who's economic program led to the first two party system in America? |
Hamilton |
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Opposition to Hamilton economic system led to the first what? |
Two party system |
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Who were the parties of the first two party system? |
Federalist and Democratic-Republican |
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What did the federalists believe? |
Rule by the elite, pro Britian, pro strong government |
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What did the democratic republicans believe? |
Belief in democracy, pro France, pro states rights |
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Who were the early federalists? |
Washington and Hamilton |
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Who were the first Democratic Republicans? |
Jefferson and Madison |
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Who wrote the Bill of Rights? |
James Madison |
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What did the Nuetrality Proclamation do? |
Kept America out of European affairs |
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What kept America out of European affairs? |
Nuetrality Proclamation |
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Which treaty dealt with Native American troubles in the old northwest? |
Treaty of Greenville |
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Which treaty dealt with the British harassment of American ships? |
Jay's Treaty |
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Which treaty restored access to the Mississippi River for the US? |
Pinckney's Treaty |
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What mistreatment of American diplomats by the French outraged American citizens? |
The XYZ affair |
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What acts were the Federalists attempts to crush their opposition. |
The Alien and Sedition acts |
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What did Jefferson and Madison pen in order to resist the Alien and Sedition acts? |
Kentucky and Virginia resolutions |
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The states began to do what to laws they did not agree with? |
Nullify |
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The election of 1800 was decided by who? |
The House of Representatives |
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Who won the election of 1800 after 70 votes? |
Thomas Jefferson |
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Last minute appointed federal judges by Adams were called what? |
Midnight Judges |
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Perhaps the most important case in US history, what rejected the states right to nullify federal laws and made the Supreme Court the final say on a law's constitutionality? |
Marbury v Madison |
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Who did America go to war with at sea? |
Barbary Pirates |
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What did Jefferson want to buy from France? |
New Orleans and possibly the river delta |
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The Louisiana Purchase led to what famous expedition? |
Lewis amd Clark |
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Where did Lewis and Clark explore to? |
The Pacific Ocean and back |
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Who explored to the Pacific Ocean and back? |
Lewis and Clark |
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Who wanted to sabotage America for his own gain? |
Aaron Burr |
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What was the seizing of American ships and forced enlistment into the military by the British? |
Impressment |
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What was pacifist Jefferson's way of fighting impressment? |
The Embargo Act |
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The Embargo Act did what? |
Banned all American exporting |
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Who in Congress called for war against the British and indians |
War hawks |
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Who united the native Americans |
Tecumseh |
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What area of America was pro Britain to the point if treason? |
New England |
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How did the war of 1812 begin for America? |
Bad due to invasion attempts of Canada |
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Where did Creek indians massacre hundreds? |
Fort Mims, Alabama |
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Who led the US to several victories over the Creek Indians |
Andrew Jackson |
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Where did Jackson defeat the Creeks for good? |
Horseshoe Bend |
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The key battle of the war of 1812 that kept the new York and new England from seeding from the US was where? |
Plattsburgh |
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Where did the national anthem originate after a failed British attack? |
Fort McHenry |
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What city was Fort McHenry guarding? |
Baltimore |
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What battle led Jackson to be a hero and was the worst defeat in the war for the British? |
New Orleans |
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The war of 1812 brought a new spirit of what? |
American Nationalism |
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What were Henry Clays 3 points of his American System? |
Strong banking system High tariff to protect US industries Network of roads and canals to connect natiom, paid for by tariff |
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The time of prosperity in America is referred to as what? |
The era of good feelings |
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What was the era of good feelings? |
A time of prosperity in America |
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Disputes over slavery in new states led to what? |
The Missouri Compromise |
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What 4 important cases did pro-federalist Chief Justice John Marshall reside over? |
McCullough v Maryland Gibbons v Ogden Cohens v Virginia Fletcher v Peck |
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What did McCullough v Maryland deal with? |
Implied powers which made the constitution adaptable |
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What did gibbons v Ogden deal with |
Only congress could regulate interstate commerce |
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What did Cohens vs Virginia deal with |
Supreme court could review decisions on federal powers |
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What did Fletcher vs Peck deal with |
Court could invalidate state laws which conflicted with the constitution |
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What treaty gave us Florida after General Andrew Jackson seized it from Spain? |
Adams-Onis treaty |
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What said that there would be no more laying claims in the new world? |
Monroe Doctrine |
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What was the term used for the Election of 1824? |
The Corrupt Bargain |
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Who won the vote in the house in 1824? |
John Quincy Adams |
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Who did John Quincy Adams appoint as Secretary of state during 1824? |
Henry Clay |
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Who took office during the corrupt bargain of 1824? |
John Quincy Adams |
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What two parties did Jefferson's party split into |
National Republicans and Democratic-Republican |
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Who led the National Republicans? |
Quincy Adams |
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Who led the democratic republicans? |
Andrew Jackson |
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Who won in 1828? |
Jackson |
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What was the granting of political office to supporters and rewarded party loyalty? |
The Spoils System |
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What was the large Tarriff imposed by Jackson in 1828 |
The Tarriff of Abominations |
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Which state took a stand for states rights on the Tarriff issue? |
South Carolina |
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Jackson's followers were very pro what |
Expansionist |
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Expanding west would cause trouble with who? |
The Native Americans |
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What did Jackson want to do with the Indian tribes? |
Relocate them to the west |
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What tribe took to the Supreme court? |
Cherokees |
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This led to what? |
The 1830 Indian removal act |
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Jackson felt the Bank was what |
Unconstitutional |
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What did Jackson say that exceeded his presidential authority? |
He said the Bank was unconstitutional |
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The election of 1832 had the first what? |
Three party system |
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The election of what year had the first three party system? |
1832 |
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What was the third party of 1832? |
Anti Masonic Party (feared secret society) |
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What hurt federal land sales? |
Specie Circular |
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What party ran four local candidates to try and throw the vote to the house of Representatives but failed in the election of 1836? |
Whigs |
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Who won the election of 1836? |
Martin Van Buren |
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What party won in 1836? |
Democrats |
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What became a big issue under Van Buren? |
Texas |
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What conditions did Mexico require for Americans to settle in Texas? |
Become Mexican citizens Convert to catholicism Later, No slave owning |
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What angered Santa Ana |
Many settlers kept slaves anyways |
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What battle saw the Mexican forces wiped out in a matter of minutes and caused Santa Anna to sign a treaty? |
The battle of San jancito |
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The treaty Santa Anna signed did what? |
Acknowledged Texas ' Independence |
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Van Buren delayed annexing Texas because...? |
Anti Slavery movements blocked it |
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Who delayed action in annexing Texas |
Van Buren |
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The 1840 election saw who compete for office? |
Van Buren (democrat) vs William Henry Harrison (whig) |
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Who won the election of 1840? |
Tippecanoe (Harrison) |
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What two types of immigrants began coming to America from Europe? |
Irish and Germans |
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What brought the Irish to America? |
Famine and poverty |
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What brought the germans to the US? |
Many were political refugees; middle class and settled in the midwest |
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What were Nativists |
Anti Foreigner groups |
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Who invented the cotton gin |
Eli Whitney |
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Who invented spinning and weaving machinery? |
Samuel Slater |
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Who perfected the sewing machine? |
Isaac Singer |
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Although good for the economy, why were factories hard on workers? |
Long hours for low pay Dangerous work environments Child labor was often used to save space and money Unions were illegal |
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What became the weapon of choice for workers? |
Strikes |
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What was the importance of Commonwealth vs Hunt |
It legalized labor unions in Massachusetts |
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What case legalized labor unions in Massachusetts |
Commonwealth vs Hunt |
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Due the increase of mechanization in Agriculture, what farming was replaced by commercial farming? |
Subsistence farming |
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What boom connected lakes and rivers? |
Canal building boom |
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What was the major canal of the era? |
The Erie Canal |
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What was the greatest technical innovation of the era? |
Railroads |
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Most early railroads were built where? |
Northern states |
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These technological advances brought America to what type of economy? |
A market economy |
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Homes transformed from centers of commerce to what? |
Woman dominated family refuges |
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What religious revival occured in the early 1800s |
The Second Great Awakening |
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Which branches of religion gained the most from the revival movements? |
Methodists and Baptists |
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Slavery caused church splits into northern and southern factions of which three religions? |
Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians |
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What caused churches to split into northern and southern factions? |
Slavery |
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Public schools were supported by what? |
Taxes |
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Who shunned schools early as they were seen as only for the poor |
The upperclass |
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Later, the upperclass decided to support schools because? |
They believed it kept the poor from growing up ignorant |
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Who wanted better teacher pay, longer terms, and expanded curricula? |
Horace Mann |
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What brought educational and reading opportunities to the adult public? |
Libraries and Lyceum lectures |
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Who was a crusader for asylum and prison reform? |
Dorothea Dix |
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What was the biggest moral reform movement of the mid 1800s or 19th century? |
Temperance |
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Who was the father of prohibition? |
Neal Dow, mayor of Portland, Maine |
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Which state was the first to go dry? |
Maine (1851) |
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Where is the home of the modern feminist movement? |
Seneca falls, ny |
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What was the importance of Seneca Falls, NY convention? |
It gave birth to modern feminism |
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Who wrote On the Duty of Civil Disobedience? |
Henry David Thoreau |
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Civil Disobedience was an example of? |
Passive Resistance |
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Who wrote Leaves of Grass in 1855? |
Walt Whitman |
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Who wrote the Scarlet Letter |
Nathaniel Hawthorne |
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Who wrote Moby Dick? |
Herman Melville |
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What was Walt Whitman's big work? |
Leaves of Grass |
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What was Thoreau's influential essay? |
On the Duty of Civil Disobedience |
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What was Hawthorne's big work? |
The Scarlet Letter |
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What was Melville's big work? |
Moby Dick |
