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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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post classical period defined by |
astrolabe arab trade routes with europe new tech enter iron age and instead of forging church bells start to forge cannons |
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Interregional and international trade |
Americas, Pacific Oceania, Australia |
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Expansion of Europe’s trade facilitated by |
tech astrolabe gunpowder iron for weapons |
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Most important developments in 1750 |
Enlightenment, age of reason |
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Columbian exchange |
long term export and import of foods crops disease and livestock between the americas to europe till 1700 |
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African commodity in people: |
People were the commodities starting in 1500’s going to americas. in the 1700’s 25 million slaves had been sent, most were males african culture suffers thus polygamy becomes more common |
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Commercialization |
Industrialism starts each town is finding something to make beginning to merge and trade with neighbors nationalism grows. |
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Economy new ideas in western Europe |
consumerism capitalism |
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What are core societies |
Societies that are strong economically |
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Traits of core societies |
manufacturing, finished products own trading companies to distribute products levy taxes strong central gov. military and a flexible wage system (no domestic slaves) |
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Examples of core societies |
England Spain Portugal France Netherlands |
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What are peripheral societies |
losers of world economy |
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Traits of peripheral societeis |
export cheap foods export raw materials rely on foreign shipping import expensive items weak govt/military weak taxes use slaves, serfs, and forced labor |
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Examples of peripheral societies |
encomienda/hacienda (like a plantation and had slaves, often indians, or african americans. |
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External societies |
don’t rely on external societies, they are isolationist. |
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Traits of external societes |
want western tech but don’t want to modernize |
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Examples of external societes |
Japan, and to a certain extent China. |
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Western Europe economy |
rich and poor divide deepens as wealth is accumulated. The thought that being poor meant something is wrong with you or you are possessed comes to fruition. |
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Renaissance |
rebirth of greek/ roman cultures especially in artistic realm. DaVinci & Michelangelo |
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Reformation |
reforming catholic church Martin Luther led Protestants- Political and religious protest due to catholic church’s nature Ideas behind it: catholic church is corrupt and needs to be reformed i.e. more translations of the bible, indulgences shouldn’t exist, excommunication Results: it works but created many denominations and shattered the unity of catholicism, tension conflict torture and slaughter ensues. |
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Politically new idea |
diplomacy- development of nation states-influence of wealthy class- dictators emerge- boundaries matter bc people become more nationalistic- armies emerge- unification of language |
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Feudalism |
nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection. |
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Scientific revolution- |
new technology in Europe, flying shuttle, printing press, printing bible, people become literate |
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Enlightenment |
Age of Reason: discard faith - logic and reason |
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Ideas in Enlightenment |
Intellectual, rational in ALL subjects |
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Philosophes – |
Newton, Descartes, Bacon, Locke Montesquieu, Voltaire, Smith, Paine, Jefferson, Franklin |
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Gunpowder empires |
Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, China |
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Primary Russian theme |
expansionism |
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Factors that led to expansion of russia |
Mongol empire fell when they got tired of them collecting taxes Russia wouldn't follow Islamic faith and defended Christianity |
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Cossacks |
Elite status in Russia - freedom of lifestyle Buffers/protectors of Russia Russians, Polish, runaway serfs 1700s transformation |
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Directions of expansion for russia |
South
West into Ukraine East from Moscow across Ural Mts to China |
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2 devices help hold Russian territory together |
agreement between state and landlord class - serf labor tzars & emperors – Peter the Great (Romanov), Catherine the Great |
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Four westernized changes instituted in Russia |
dress/ culture education politics military |
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what was not westernized in Russia |
monarchy, parliament, or divisions of powers |
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unintended consequences of westernizing Russia |
people desired western goods, russia had to export a lot of raw materials so serfs had to be harshly worked to keep up |
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Ottoman Empire |
Traits-muslim, militaristic Jihad, Suleiman- military genius the magnificent Byzantine- literature and art wanted to seem educated 1680s (Vienna) beginning of downfall- sick man of europe |
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Safavid – |
Persia Mesopotamia Farsi, Sunni, Shiite, Shah Abbas (1600s) Traits- more religious, less arab |
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Mughal |
India
Akbar, Taj Mahal, sati - dying w/husband Traits-money goes to building churches, tolerant of all religions Lasts until 1800s- ran out of moeny |
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3 Islamic empires’ similarities |
built on Religious ideology cultural identity all three lands tied to agriculture never expanded beyond what they knew |
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Tokugawa, Shogunate |
feudal Japanese military government forbade westerners in and leaving |
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Samuri |
peasent soldiers later disarmed because they didn't want a rebellion |
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daimyos |
feudal lord had a time spent at kings court with shogun |
