History 2

Front 1

Patrick Henry

Back 1

cried out before the Virginia Assembly, "Give me liberty or give me death!"

Front 2

Richard Henry Lee

Back 2

at the Philadelphia Congress, moved that the Colonies ought to be independent states

Front 3

Crispus Atticus

Back 3

"mulatto" - one of the first to die at the Boston Massacre

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James Madison

Back 4

called the "Father of the Constitution"

Front 5

Ethan Allen

Back 5

with Benedict Arnold, captured Ticonderoga and Crown Point; upper New York

Front 6

Daniel Shays

Back 6

led an abortive revolt against the government of Massachusetts

Front 7

Thomas Paine

Back 7

wrote Common Sense

Front 8

Gouvernour Morris

Back 8

delegate to Constitutional Convention from Pennsylvania who spoke more than any other member

Front 9

Benjamin Franklin
John Adams
John Jay

Back 9

peace commission; made seperate peace with England

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John Hancock

Back 10

president of the Continental Congress; wealthy New England merchant

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Samuel Adams

Back 11

agitator of the Revolution; organizer of the Boston Tea Party

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Alexander Hamilton

Back 12

ultra conservative New Yorker, favored strong central govt; helped write The Federalist Papers

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George Washington

Back 13

defeated the British at Trenton and Princeton

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John Burgoyne

Back 14

British general that led expedition to invade New York by way of Canada

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Thomas Jefferson

Back 15

favored a loose confederation of states; earlier wrote most of Declaration of Independence

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Lord Cornwallis

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surrendered at Yorktown

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John Paul Jones

Back 17

navy captain who destroyed much of British merchant ships

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Sir William Howe

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British general who allowed Washington to escape after the battle at Long Island; stayed in Philadelphia instead of helping Burgoyne

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George Rogers Clark

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frontiersman who captured British forts north of the Ohio River

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James Otis

Back 20

attorney for the MA merchants who protested the British search of colonial ships that were trading with the enemy (Canada and West Indies) during French and Indian War; persuaded MA legislature to call an intercolonial congress (Stamp Act Congress, 1765) for action against the Stamp Tax

Front 21

Nathan Hale

Back 21

officer in CT militia who was disguised as a schoolteacher to carry papers to G. Washington about British dispositions, British caught him in Manhattan, NY and hanged him; he said he regretted he had but one life to give for his country

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Thomas Hutchinson

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hated Tory governor of MA; fled to England after Rev. War

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Gen. Edward Braddock

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commander of Br. army in American; lost battle for Ft. Duquesne; the road he had cut from Ft. Cumberland to the Ohio River made late migration to Ohio easier

Front 24

William Pitt

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English Prime Minister 1756-1763; understood Am. colonies; developed a requisition plan to get colonies to help provide for their own defense in Fr. and Indian War; opposed Stamp Act and later Intolerable Acts

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Sir William Johnson

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made treaty of peace with Indians in 1766 ending Pontiac's attack on Br. military outposts on frontier; supported creating a new colony (Vandalia) in WVA and KY but Revolutionary War started

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John Trumbull

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wrote one of the "Hartford Wits"; extremely conservative point of view; The Anarchiad poem against the debtor-minded govt of RI which printed paper money in profusion

Front 27

Daniel Boone

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in 1775, cleared the "Wilderness Road" from NC to KY to begin a settlement (Boonesburgh)

Front 28

John Dickenson

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Philadelphia lawyer; reacted to "external" duties of Townshend Acts in Letter of a Pennsylvania Farmer with argument that external taxation was legal only when designed to regulate trade, not raise a revenue

Front 29

Joseph Galloway

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PA delegate to 1st Cont. Congress, 1774; proposed a compromise plan of govt. (delegates from all colonies, president-general appointed by Br. crown who had veto power); failed by one vote

Front 30

Robert Morris

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borrowed heavily upon his own personal credit to pay soldiers in G. Washington's army

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Elbridge Gerry

Back 31

MA delegate to Constitutional Conv; said evils from which country suffered were due to an "excess of democracy"; feared West would have too many representatives in House and so drag the east coast wealth to the west

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Edmund Randolph

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VA delegate to Constitutional Conv.; presented the VA plan (written by Madison) (two houses, lower by population, upper chosen by lower; both houses choose pres. and judges; could veto state laws); opposed by small states

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William Paterson

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NJ delegate to Constitutional Conv.; proposed NJ Plan (every state has an equal vote in govt); plan set aside

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John Lansing

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NY delegate to Constitutional Conv.; later withdrew on grounds that the Convention had exceeded its authority

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Charles C. Pinckney

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SC delegate to the Constitutional Conv.

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Rufus King

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MA delegate to the Constitutional Conv.

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Roger Sherman

Back 37

CT shoemaker-politician with a clear head; on the committee to write the Declaration of Independence; delegate to Constitutional Conv.; represented commercial interests of CT; wary of democracy

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Anthony Wayne

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"mad"; in Rev War defended Phil in G. Washington's army but Br. attacked with bayonets, 300 killed; later he stored the Br. fort at Stony Point on the Hudson

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George Clinton

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Signed Dec. of Ind. for NY; governor of NY; leading anti-federalist because he was a large landowner and feared the effect of import duties; wrote under the pen name of Cato

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James Wilson

Back 40

PA delegate, signed the Dec. of Ind.; also served as defense counsel at the Tory trials and was a critic of the radical state govt; in 1779 PA militiamen attacked his house, which was defended by the Phil Light Horse Troop