History-1920's, New Deal, Wwii

Front 1

Presidents During the time period

WHCHR

Back 1

Wilson, Harding, Coolidge, Hoover, Roosevelt
WHCHR

Front 2

Amendments:
16th, 17th, 18th, 19th
TSAW

Back 2

16th: T: Congress has power to pass income TAX
17th: S: Direct election of SENATORS
18th: A: Prohibition(ALCOHOL)
19th: W: WOMAN Suffrage

Front 3

Prohibition

Back 3

Ban of alcohol in US, under 18th amendment, increased organized crime, bootlegging, alcoholism, al capone got rich by this

Front 4

Women's Right to Vote

Back 4

19th amendment, Seneca Falls Convention

Front 5

Stock Market Crash

Back 5

AKA Black Thursday, 12-15 million americans were unemployed, $2 billion in deposits evaporated

Front 6

More of 1920's

Back 6

Birth of Radio in the US, Television was introduced(Felix the Cat, NBC started from empire state building), The "Jazz Singer" first movie with sound, Lindbergh Flight(Flew over atlantic to Paris)

Front 7

Bonus Army

Back 7

Army Veterans and families who wanted a bonus for WWI, Just a small part of americans demanding change

Front 8

Causes of Great Depression

Back 8

10) Allies collecting War Debts from other countries.
9) High tariffs closed off trade
8) Weakness of banking system
7) Large Businesses relying on one another
6) Easy to get installment credit
5) Expansion of businesses in response to growing profit
4)Tax policies of Andrew Mellon(Sec. o Treas.) that contributed to unequal distribution of wealth.
3) 5% of nation provided nations investment capital, .2% of pop controlled 40% of nations savings, 3/4 of nations families made less than $3000 a year
2) Too much agricultural surplus after WWI
1) Too much stock being bought on margin, brokers wanted payments.

Front 9

Effects of Great Depression

Back 9

over 1/2 of Americans defaulted on mortgages, many people never got money from banks

Front 10

Dust Bowl

Back 10

worst drought in US history, approx 25,000 miles of farm land was destroyed

Front 11

Communist Party

Back 11

Was popular during Hoovers term because he could not end the peoples suffering

Front 12

Nazism

Back 12

was appealing to Germans because the depression hit them the hardest. They needed a strong ruler to save them.

Front 13

New Deal

Back 13

Roosevelt: Relief, Recovery, and Reform.

Front 14

Emergency Banking Act

Back 14

closed all nations banks by declaring a vank holiday in order to stop the collapse of the nations banking system. Required examination of banks to keep only financially sound ones.

Front 15

Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

Back 15

$500,000 for direct relief and work projects for hungry, homeless, and unemployed.

Front 16

Pump Priming

Back 16

govn should take actions that would make the consuming public secure. Working from bottom up. Increasing govn programs, business activity would increase, causing economy to grow.

Front 17

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) ,

Back 17

provided jobs for 2.5 million young(18-25) men to plant trees, build bridges and parks and set up flood control projects. Only 8,000 women joined.

Front 18

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)

Back 18

Built dams to provide cheap electric power to seven southern states, set up schools and health centers.
Made possible by Republican Senator George Norris of Nebraska.

Front 19

Agricultural Adjustment Administration(AAA)

Back 19

paid farmers not to grow certain crops
was declared unconstitutional by Supreme Court

Front 20

National Recovery Administration(NRA)

Back 20

Enforced codes that regulated wages, prices, and working conditions.

Front 21

Public Works Administration(PWA)

Back 21

built ports, schools, and aircraft carriers

Front 22

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation(FDIC)

Back 22

INsured savings accounts in banks approved by govn

Front 23

Rural Electrification Administration(REA)

Back 23

Loaned money to extend electricity to rural farmers

Front 24

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

Back 24

employed 25% of adult americans, men and women to build hospitals, schools, parks, and airports, also employed artists, writers, and musicians.
Most government money spent.
1 member per family.

Front 25

Social Security Act(SSA)

Back 25

Most important law passed by New Deal. Provided old-age insurance, unemployment insurance, and assistance to dependent children and to the elderly and ill and handicapped

Front 26

Roosevelt's Court Packing Plan
(Judicial Reorganization Bill)

Back 26

he wanted to be allowed to appoint a new Justice for each Justice that did not retire after the age of 70. This would have added 6 more and gave him control over the court

Front 27

Critics of the New Deal

Back 27

Women&African Americans: many opportunities to white men, not women or minorities, Women and african americans were paid less for same work

Front 28

Critics of the New Deal

Back 28

Progressives and Socialists: New Deal isn't doing enough to solve the nations problems. More should be done to distribute nations wealth.

Front 29

Critics of the New Deal

Back 29

Republicans: Government is becoming too powerful, FDR is like a dictator. Taxes on wealthy are unfair. Too much like socialism.

Front 30

John Maynard Keynes' Keynesian Economics

Back 30

Government must spend huge amounts of money to encourage production levels and purchasing power to increase. For economic recovery

Front 31

New Deal Effects of Minorities and Women(NA)

Back 31

Native Americans: Indian Reorganization Act: aim was to restore tribal self-government, as well as languages, customs and religious freedom.

Front 32

New Deal Effects of Minorities and Women(AA)

Back 32

African Americans: were not organized, benefited less, lynching increased many moved from the republican party to the democratic party. About 40% of african american population received help

Front 33

New Deal Effects of Minorities and Women(L)

Back 33

Latinos: provided relief but government policy was to stop immigration and return to mexico unemployed non-citizens

Front 34

New Deal Effects of Minorities and Women(W)

Back 34

Women: were unorganized, less employed, many programs wouldn't hire women, women in government were the only ones that were fairly successful

Front 35

Why was Hitler so enraged during the Olympics that he hosted in 1936?

Back 35

Hitler was so mad because he only liked the white race that weren't Jews. When Jesse Owens, an African American won the 100 he was mad because a black won.

Front 36

How did Hitler use the 1936 Olympics to promote his Nazi Party.?

Back 36

He did not let any Jews compete in the Olympics, also many of his athletes won their events, expressing German supremacy.

Front 37

How did FDR use media to battle the Great Depression?

Back 37

To battle the Great Depression FDR photographed faces that were especially effected. This brought support by making people feel bad.

Front 38

How did FDR use media to rally support during WWII?

Back 38

In order to battle WWII with media FDR used the film reel as well as the radio and "fireside chats"

Front 39

What impact did radio have on American culture?

Back 39

It became the United States main source of information. FDR raised moral with his "fireside chats"

Front 40

How did Hitler use propaganda and media to to achieve his goals?

Back 40

Hitler's party controlled the printing press, brainwashing his nation whatever he wanted. Also cheap radios were available so Hitler's voice was heard everywhere. Also film, and Hitler was a very powerful speaker.

Front 41

Why did the Nazi Party burn books in the late 1930's? How can books be seen as a threat?

Back 41

Books by Helen Keller, Einstien, and Freud were all burned because they were subversive towards Nazi beliefs.

Front 42

What were the Nuremberg Laws? How did they effect Germany and German occupying states?

Back 42

They separated Jews from the rest of the German people, they were also banished from civil service jobs, and were not allowed to marry or even mingle with Germans.

Front 43

History of Anti-Semitism in Europe

Back 43

Austria became anti-Semitic in 24 hours when Hitler invaded the country.

Front 44

Why did Prime Minister of Great Britain, Neville Chamberlain, try to make a pact with Hitler?

Back 44

Chamberlain wanted a peaceful settlement, but failed when Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia.

Front 45

Kristallnacht
Why did this happen?

Back 45

"Night of Broken Glass"
Jews were officially unwelcome in Germany. 20,000 people were arrested
also Germans destroyed Jewish temples. This started after a Jew assassinated a German man in Paris.

Front 46

Why did the United States refuse to let the St. Louis dock in U.S. and allow its passengers to emigrate?

Back 46

Because of the quota laws, they could not spend so much money saving so few jews.

Front 47

Countries Germany Invaded

Back 47

Poland, France, Czechoslovakia, Sudetenland, Northern Africa

Front 48

Why did America get involved in WWII?

Back 48

America put an embargo on Japanese oil which depleted their supplies. This caused the Japanese to attack Pearl Harbor. WHen we declared war on Japan, Germany declared war on us.

Front 49

Isolationism

Back 49

Americans worried about being dragged into another foreign conflict. They withdrew from world affairs. Isolationists wanted to avoid entangling alliances. Also they wanted to bring world leaders together for disarmament.

Front 50

Washington Conference-1921

Back 50

focused on naval disarmament and Pacific Security
Included: U.S., England, Italy, France, and Japan.

Front 51

Kellogg-Briand Pact

Back 51

Outlawed war except for in self-defense.
Was a weak treaty that was broken many times. Japan was a major aggressor (Manchuria)

Front 52

Weakness of League of Nations

Back 52

-Had no control over major conflicts
-No progress in disarmament
-No effective military force

Front 53

Treaty of Versailles

Back 53

Ended WWI, caused Germany to accept sole responsibility for the start of WWI. Required them to disarm, recede from invaded lands, and make reparations to certain countries.

Front 54

Post-WWI Labor Unrest

Back 54

Coal Miners Strike of 1919
Steel Workers Strike of 1919
Boston Police Strike of 1919

Front 55

Buying on Margin

Back 55

Only buying 10% of a stock

Front 56

What promoted the use of credit?

Back 56

Advertising

Front 57

1st New Deal

Back 57

Dealt with relief and recovery.
"First Hundred Days"
Size of Democratic majority increased which helped the New Deal effort.

Front 58

2nd New Deal

Back 58

Focused more on social reform.
"Second Hundred Days"

Front 59

20th, 21st, and 22nd Amendments

Back 59

20th: Changed inauguration day for the President.
21st: Repealed 18th amendment, ending Prohibition.
22nd: Set a limit of two terms of presidency.

Front 60

National Labor Relations Act
(Wagner Act)

Back 60

Guaranteed labor the right to form unions as well as practice collective bargaining.
Created National Labor Relations Board, which oversaw union elections.

Front 61

Fair Labor Standards Act

Back 61

Set minimum wage and maximum work week for industries involved in interstate commerce. Also banned child labor in interstate commerce.