History

Front 1

this newspapaer editor helped form the republican party in 1854.

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Horace Greeley

Front 2

this person was the most famous conductor of the underground railroad

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harriet tubman

Front 3

this person led voolent raids into Pottawatomie Creek and Harpers Ferry in the 1850's

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John Brown

Front 4

this controversial agreement included admitting California to the Union as a free state, the end of slave trade in the District of Columbia, to establish popular sovereignty in the New Mexico territory, and to enact a stronger fugitive slave law.

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Compromise of 1850

Front 5

this novel was perhaps the most effective piece of abolitionist literature ever. Written by harriet beecher stowe.

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Uncle Toms cabin

Front 6

this informal network helped slaves escape to freedom

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the underground railroad

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this supreme court case ruled that blacks could not be American citizens and the federal and state laws could not prohibit slavery due to the fifth amendment

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dred scott decision

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this controversial document was to be the basis of a slave state government for kansas

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LeCompton Constitution

Front 9

this person won the presidential election of 1860 and gave the Gettysburg address

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Abraham Lincoln

Front 10

This rider was attached to the appropriations bill for the mexican war. It asserted that no territory acquired by the United States in the war would allow slavery

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Wilmot Proviso

Front 11

this was the agreement that ended the Mexican War. its terms included the cession of the New Mexico and California territories from Mexico to the United States

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the treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

Front 12

this person was the president of the United States during the Mexican War

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James Polk

Front 13

this was triggered by the discovery of a valuable mineral at sutters mill in 1848

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California gold rush

Front 14

this is the term for the violence that broke out in kansas to help determine whether it would become a free or slave state

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bleeding Kansas

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in this bleeding Kansas even, proslavery forces rode into a free soil town and destroyed many of its buildings

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the sack of lawrence

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after henry clay left congress, this illinois democrat helped engineer the parts of the compromise of 1850 through congress

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Stephen Douglas

Front 17

Tennessean John Bell was the presidential candidate for this political party in 1860. It was formed to try to avoid the issue of slavery and to try to hold the country together

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Constitutional union party

Front 18

this person was the Southern Democratic candidate and second leading electoral vote winner of the presidential election of 1806

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John Breckenridge

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this person was the pathfinder who helped trigger the bear flag revolt in California just prior to the Mexican war. He also was the Republican candidate for president in 1856.

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John Fremont

Front 20

this person caned an antislavery senator nearly to death on the floor of the senate

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Preston Brooks

Front 21

this Pennsylvania doughface Democrat won the presidential election of 1856

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James Buchanan

Front 22

in this bleeding Kansas event John brown led followers to a proslavery town and dragged five people from their homes and hacked them to death

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Pottawatomie Massacre

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this controversial part of the compromise of 1850 that made it easier to recover runaway slaves

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fugitive slave act

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John Browns raid on this Virginia federal arsenal helped fuel tensions on the eve of the Civil War.

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Harpers Ferry

Front 25

This party formed in 1854 and quickly demonstrated that it was capable of winning a national election without receiving any southern electoral votes

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The Republican Party

Front 26

this 1854 law repealed the missouri compromise be dividing the remaining part of the Louisiana purchase into territories that would be determined by popular sovereignty

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Kansas Nebraska Act

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This was the 1853 agreement to purchase a section of land south of the Gila River from Mexico in order to have a good route for a transcontinental railroad

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Gadsden Purchase

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This person was the president of the confederate states of America

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Jefferson Davis

Front 29

this was the term for white southerners who supported the Republican party in the south during Reconstruction

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Scalawags

Front 30

this is the term for the restoration of political power to the democratic party in the south after republican rule

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redemption

Front 31

granted civil rights to anyone born in the united states.

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fourteenth Amendment

Front 32

this organization was formed in Pulaski, tennessee by nathan bedford forrest for the purposes of intimidating freedman from disturbing white supremacy and to discourage support for the Republican party

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Ku Klux Klan

Front 33

this union general captured Atlanta and that made his notorious march to the sea in the fall of winter aof 1864

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william Sherman

Front 34

this organization was set up by the union to aid refugees and freedman. Its most lasting legacy was helping to establish schools and hospitals

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freedman's bureau

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this person gained fame at the battle of bull run and received a mortal wound at the battle of chancellorsville

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thomas "Stonewall" jackson

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these laws were passed in the first five years after the civil war by southern states and they severely restricted the rights of freemen.

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black codes

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this was the key battle of the civil war where lee's army was defeated in Pennsylvania in July 1863

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Gettysburg

Front 38

this is the term for the bargain that allowed rutherford hayes to become president while ending reconstruction and military rule in the south

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the compromise of 1877

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this law, passed over a presidential veto was enacted to protect freedmans citizenship rights. Questions over this laws constitutionality led to the creation of the 14th amendment

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civil rights act of 1866

Front 40

this person was impeached by the house of representatives but not convicted by the senate

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Andrew Johnson

Front 41

this was the term and part of the definition for Abraham Lincolns proposal for reconstruction

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ten percent plan

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in the spring of 1863, General Joseph Hooker tried to outflank Lee's forces but was caught and beaten badly by Stonewall Jackson's forces

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Chancellorsville

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at this first major battle of the civil war, forces under confederate general Beauregard repelled an army the union army led by General Irvin McDowell while startled picknicking onlookers watched.

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Bull Run

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advocated grater protections for freedmen and greater punishments for leading southerners

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radical republicans

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this was the term for northerners who came down to take advantage of opportunities in the south during reconstruction

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carpetbaggers

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Andrew Johnson was impeached for violating this law

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tenure of office act

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the Norths plan for victory against the south

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Anaconda Plan

Front 48

this person led his troops into bloody battles and became the unions most famous general

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Ulysses S. Grant

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ended slavery in the united states

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thirteenth amendment

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the monitor and merrimack were famous for being this new type of naval vessel coverd in iron

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ironclads

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this law established five military districts in the south after the war was over

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Reconstruction

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this is the term for northern Democrats during the war who advocated negotiating peace with the confederacy

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copperheads

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this was the location where Lee surrendered to Grant in April of 1865

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Appomattox Courthouse

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this January 1, 1863 announcment said all slaves in states remaining in rebellion against the union were free

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emancipation proclamation

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granted the right to vote for freedman

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fifteenth amendment

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this battle near memphis has more casualties than all other fighting of american forces before this battle combined

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shiloh

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on july 4, 1863, the defenders of this Mississippi River city surrendered to general grants army

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Vicksburg

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the first shots of the civil war happened at this south Carolina location

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Fort Sumter

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This person assassinated Abraham Lincoln

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John Wilkes Booth

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at this bloodiest day of the civil war, McClellan defeated Lee's army in Maryland in 1862. After this battle, lincoln issued the preliminary emancipation proclamation

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Antietam

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this African American military unit achieved glory in leading a union assault on fort wagner in south carolina

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the massachusetts fifty fourth regiment

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this speech by Abraham Lincoln in 1863 helped set the moral tone for the union war effort and it expanded the meaning of the declaration of independence

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Gettysburg Address

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this person was the head of the confederate army in Northern virginia and was the confederacies best known general

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Robert. E. Lee

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in this reconstruction form of farming, a fermer is supplied with seed, tools, and land in return for a portion of his harvest

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sharecropping

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this person was popular but overly cautios commander of the union army in the peninsula campaign and at antietam. led the Army of the Patomic

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George mcClellan

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this 1864 law passed by congress proposed that former confederate states needed 50% of their populatioin to swear an ironclad oath to the union before a state would be readmitted to the union. Lincoln pocket vetoed it.

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Wade-Davis Bill

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a long union siege at this virginia town from 1864-1865 finally resulted in Lee evacuating virginia in the spring of 1865

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petersburg

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at this location in 1890, 200 ghost dance men, women, and children were killed

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wounded knee

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this persons cross of gold speech earned him the Democratic and populist party nominations for president in 1896

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William james Bryan

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at the end of this period of Indian wars, a movement arose in which the believers felt if they performed this ritual Native American lands and culture would be restored

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Ghost Dance

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This alliance and populist speaker became famous for telling farmers to raise less corn and more hell

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mary elizabeth lease

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this agricultural organization followed the grange movement and hired lecturers to travel the rural west, midwest, and south to recruit new members and set up new chapters

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the farmers alliances

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congress passed this 1887 act in an attempt to americanzie indians

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Dawes acts

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this was the term for the African American who left the Jim Crow south to farm in Kansas after reconstruction

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Exodusters

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this book written by Helen Hunt Jackson focused on the broken promises made by the United states government to native americans

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a century of dishonor

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this was the battle where custer and all of his men were killed

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little big horn

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this was the term native americans gave to the segregated black cavalry unites

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buffalo soldiers

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this was an Arizona mining town that became famous for its boot his grave and the shootout at the OK corral

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tombstone

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this person helped trigger a new war with the Sioux in 1874 when he reported that the black hills had gold from the roots down. he later led his troops to their death at the battle of little bighorn

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george custer

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these were huge agricultural farms that emerged on the great plains that signaled an era of large farms

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bonanza farm

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completed in 1869 when the central pacific and union pacific met in Utah and were connected with a ceremonial golden spike

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transcontinental railroad

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this speech helped William James Bryan secure the Democratic presidential nomination in 18967

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the cross of gold speech

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this populist party formed in 1892 and ran on a platform of increasing the money supply, requiring the direct election of senators and a graduated income tax.

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the populist party

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this territory was opened up by the federal government to settlers in 1889 and the people who snuck in early to establish claims became known as sooners

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Oklahoma

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these laws were passed in several states to regulate railroads to protect the interests of farmers. they were subsequently delared unconstitutional

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granger laws

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this person won the presidential election of 1896

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William Mckinley

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this cattle trail went from San Antonio to Abilene Kansas

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Chrisholm trail

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this economic collapse was triggered by the collapses of big railroads and led to a 20% unemployment rate

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panic of 1893

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this law created the first federal regulatory agency

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the interstate commerce act

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this company was the fraudulent and corrupt company that skimmed off money from railroad construction

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credit mobiler

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this was the term for the 500 million dollars of paper money printed during the civil war

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greenbacks

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this Joseph Glidden invention contributed greatly to the closing of the open range.

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barbed wire

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this person invented the telephone

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Alexander Gram Bell

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this 1862 law provided 160 acres of land for free for frontier settlers who lived on the land and improved it

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homestead act

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this person invented the lightbuld

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Thomas Edison

Front 96

in this episode in Chicago in 1886, a crowd gathered to protest police brutality against unions and an anarchist tossed a bomb into a formation of policemen, killing seven police officers and several others

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the haymarket affair

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this was the term for teh controversial acquisition of alaska in 1867

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Seward's folly

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Alfred Mahan wrote this influential book that triggered a naval arms race among the worlds leading powers

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the influence of sea power upon history

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Uriah Stephens created this organization and Terence Powderly led it to its peak membership in the 1880's. it was open to all workers of all backgrounds and pushed for an 8 hour work day. it declined in the aftermath of the haymarket affair

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knights of labor

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this 1890 law made it illegal to form a business combination that interfered with free trade between states or countries

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sherman antitrust act

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this 1882 law prohibited immigration from the most populous nation in asia

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chinese exclusion act

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President Roosevelt supported a revolt against Colombia for the purposes of being able to build this across central America

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Panama Canal

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this was the idea of andrew carnegie that amassing vast fortunes was a public trust that placed an obligation of the industrialist who created the fortune to invest it back into society at the end of his career

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Gospel of wealth

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secretary john hay issued these, which called for the establishment of equal trading rights to all nations in all parts of China and for recognition of Chinese territorial integrity (meaning that the country should not be carved up). The impact of such a policy would be to put all of the imperial nations on an equal footing and minimize the pwer of those nations with existing spheres of influence

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open door notes

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this person was elected president in 1888 and supported high tariffs and limited silver purchases to increase the money supply

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Benjamin Harrison

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this strike was launched against a company that made sleeper cars and had created a factory town where the company controlled almost all aspects of its workers lives.

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the pullman company strike

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this person ran the ammany hall political machine so corruptly that he was put in prison

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boss tweed

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triangle shirtwaist factory

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a fire in this New York city factory killed almost 150 women and led to a wave of better enforcement of facotry safety laws

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this person was the only person to be elected two non-consecutive terms as president. He was also the only democratic president from 1861-1913

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Grover Cleavland

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this was the immigration processing center established in San Francisco harbor primarily for Asian immigrants

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Angel Island

Front 111

allowed the united states "the right to intervene for the preservation of Cuban independence, the maintenence of government adequate for the protection of life, proptery, and individual libery"

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Platt Amendment

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this organization was run by a boss. it offered services to voters and businesses in return for political support

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political machine

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this was the immigration processing station that opened in new york in 1892 and processed millions of immigrants in the next decades

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Ellis Island

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this mysterious inking of this American ship in Havana harbor directly triggered the Spanish American War

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U.S.S. Maine

Front 115

this Cuban poet led a revolt against Spanish rule in Cuba in the 1890's

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Jose Marti

Front 116

this socialist leaning industrial union was headed by big bill haywood and included coal miners, lumberjacks, cannery, and dock workers

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industrial workers of the world or wobblies

Front 117

this mexican rebel general raided the united states in 1916 and triggered an american invasion of mexico led by General John Pershing

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Pancho villa

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this was the term for the sensationalist press coverage

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yellow journalism

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this was John Rockefellers company that he used to dominate the oil industry

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Standard Oil company

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this reform law was passed after the assassination of Gerfield to try to limit or end the spoils system in politics

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Pendleton Civil Service Act

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this popular concept of the Gilded age grew out fo the ideas of charles Darwin.

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Social Darwinism

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this was a device used by employers to thwart unions. It was a promise workers were forced to make or sign before they could be employed.

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yellow-dog contract

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this was the volunteer cavalry unit of Ivy Leaguers and wild west characters that was organized and led in part by Theodore Roosevelt

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Rough riders

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this was the location where the rough riders engaged in a bloody charge to take the high ground above santiago Cuba

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San Juan or Kettle Hill

Front 125

this person aided the united states in the spanish american war but then led a bloody guerrilla campaign against the united states

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Emilio Aguinaldo

Front 126

this was the Spanish general who used concentration camps to try to suppress the Cuban revolt of the 1890's

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Valeriano Weyler

Front 127

this american commodore sunk the spanish pacific fleet in Manila harbor at the beginning of the spanish american war

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George Dewey

Front 128

this person came to dominate the petroleum industry with his standard oil company

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John D. Rockerfeller

Front 129

this agreement was made between the united states and japan. As part of it, japan agreed to halt the immigration of Japanese unskilled workers to the united states

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the gentlemans agreement

Front 130

this union organized skilled workers by craft and was led by samuel gompers

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American Federation of labor

Front 131

this scottish immigrant rose from rags to riches and became a dominate figure in the steel industry

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Andrew Carnegie

Front 132

this person led the American Railway union and then the American Socialist party

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Eugene Debs

Front 133

this dictator toppled democratic reformer francisco madero in the early years of the mexican revolution.

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Victoriano Huerta

Front 134

this war was triggered by the De Lome letter, yellow journalism, and the sinking of the Maine

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The Spanish-American war

Front 135

this was a violent strike between carnegie steel workers and the company at a newly acquired factory near Pittsburgh

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Homestead strike

Front 136

this person established the most famous settlement house, hull hosue, in Chicago in 1889

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Jane Adams

Front 137

this movement preached salvation through giving services to the poor

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the social gospel movement

Front 138

Theodore Roosevelt and the public coined this term to describe Roosevelt's governing philosophy.

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square deal

Front 139

this concept, advocated by Gifford Pinchot, advocated a managed use of the nations natural resources including forests

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conservation

Front 140

Frances willard led this temperance organization in its drive to remove alcohol and its ill effects from American Society

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WCTU

Front 141

this person won the presidential election of 1912

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Woodrow Wilson

Front 142

this Roosevelt appointee was an advocate of conservation and became the nations first professional forester

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Gifford Pinchot

Front 143

This Upton Sinclair novel exposed the tough working conditions and the poor sanitation in the american meat packing industry

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the jungle

Front 144

this head of the tuskegee institute advocated a more realistic approach to race relations and taught young african americans vocational skills to help advance their familys economic positions

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Booker T. Washington

Front 145

this was the term for the journalist who wrote exposes about problems in the society, economy, and government of the united states

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muckrakers

Front 146

this import tax bill was passed during the Taft administration but it was a far cry from the tariff reform that the progressives had hoped for.

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Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Front 147

womans suffrage was granted by this amendment

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nineteenth amendment

Front 148

this gave the government the right to collect income taxes

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sixteenth amendment

Front 149

this intercepted German transmission promised Mexico that its lands in the American south west would be ragained if it declared war on the United States

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Zimmerman Note

Front 150

these laws restricted american freeedoms during WWI

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Espionage and sedition acts

Front 151

this was Woodrow Wilsons idealistic program for resolving WWI

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Fourteen points

Front 152

this party was formed in 1912 to run Teddy Roosevelt for president against William Howard Taft

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Bull Moose party

Front 153

this supreme court case upheld the constitutionality of the espionage and sediton acts

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Schneck v. United states

Front 154

During this labor event, president Roosevelt became the first president to arbitrate for labor union

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1902 coal strike

Front 155

Banned alcohol, later repealed

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eighteenth amendment

Front 156

This organization was created during the Wilson Administration to regulate unfair business practices

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Federal Trade Commison

Front 157

Direct vote of senators by popular vote

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seventeenth Amendment

Front 158

this 1906 law prevented the manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or posonous or deleterious foods, drugs, medicines, and liquors, and for regulating traffic therein, and for other purposes

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pure food and drug act

Front 159

this concept means to leave nature exactly as it is found by humans and leaving it the same way for future generations

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preservation

Front 160

this 1906 law gave the ICC the regulatory power to set maximum freight rates

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Hepburn acts

Front 161

this person emerged as the leader of the NAWSA after Susan B Anthony and successfully led the drive to ratify a constitutional amendment granting female suffrage

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Carrie Chapman Catt

Front 162

this was the peace keeping organization that Woodrow Wilson stared

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league of nations

Front 163

this chairman of the senate foreign relations committee led the effort to revise or block the treaty of versailles

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Henry Cabot Lodge

Front 164

this 1903 law prohibited the practice of giving rebates to freight customers

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Elkins Act

Front 165

this Wisconsin governor made his state a laboratory of progressivism

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Robert La Follette

Front 166

this law created a federal system for regulation processed meats in the meatpacking industry

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the meat inspection act

Front 167

this organization was headed by Bernard Baruch and was in charge of managing the economy for WWI

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war industries board

Front 168

this american organization was created in 1890 by the merger of two major rival womens rights organizations

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NAWSA

Front 169

this organization was headed by George Creel and it managed propaganda during WWI

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the committee on public information

Front 170

this suffrage activist campaigned strongly to achieve her goal, but passed away in 1906 before seeing a constitutional amendment being passed granting female suffrage

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Susan B Anthony

Front 171

Progressive dissatisfaction with this president led to the formation of the bull moos party in 1912

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William Howard Taft

Front 172

this was the official name of the american army in WWI

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the American Expeditionary force

Front 173

this african american leader pushed for an immediate end to discrimination against african americans and helped found the NAACP in 1909

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