History 1700 Final

Front 1

Black Codes

Back 1

These were laws passed by Southern states in 1865 and 1866, after the Civil War. These laws had the intent and the effect of restricting African Americans' freedom, and forcing them to work in a labor economy based on low wages or debt.

Front 2

Individualism

Back 2

Is the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the individual. They promote independence, self-reliance and oppose external interference to ones own interests such as the government.

Front 3

Dumbbell Apartments

Back 3

These were apartments in New York constructed in the shape of a dumbbell while creating an air shaft between adjacent buildings. The air shaft was required to give each inhabitable room a window that opens to fresh air due to a Law that was passed in 1879.

Front 4

Populists

Back 4

A member of a political party seeking to represent the interests of ordinary people. Populism is a political doctrine that stems from a viewpoint of struggle between the populace and a ruling faction. Populists were most common in democratic nations.

Front 5

Muckrakers

Back 5

These were US journalists and other writers who exposed corruption in politics and business in the early 20th century. Theodore Roosevelt used this term first in 1906.

Front 6

Treaty of Versailles

Back 6

This treaty was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on June 28, 1919.

Front 7

Hoovervilles

Back 7

Shanty towns build by homeless people in the US during the Great Depression. They were named of Herbert Hoover because he was widely blamed for onset of the Depression.

Front 8

AAA

Back 8

The Agricultural Adjustment Act was a federal law of the New Deal era. This reduced agricultural productions by paying farmers subsidies not to plant on part of their land and to kill off excess livestock. Its purpose was to reduce crop surplus and raise the value of crops.

Front 9

Truman Doctrine

Back 9

This was an American foreign policy created to counter Soviet geopolitical spread during the Cold War. It was announced to Congress by Pres. Harry S. Truman and further developed when he pledged to contain Soviet threats to Greece and Turkey.

Front 10

Sun Belt

Back 10

Is a southern tier of the United States, including the states of Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, South Carolina, Texas, a large part of California, parts of Kansas, North Carolina, Nevada, and Oklahoma. This part of the United States experienced a huge economic growth due to migration, warmer climate and a boom in agriculture industry.

Front 11

Sit-ins

Back 11

A form of protest in which demonstrators occupy a place, refusing to leave until their demands are met. There is a story of 4 African-American college students who walked up to an “Whites-only” lunch counter and asked for coffee; when service was refused, the students sat patiently waiting to be served. This was when the civil rights sit-in was born.

Front 12

Great Society

Back 12

This was a set of domestic programs in the U.S. launched by Lyndon B. Johnson in the mid-1960’s. The main goal of these programs was to eliminate poverty and racial injustice.

Front 13

Nativism

Back 13

The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

Front 14

Oligopolies

Back 14

A state of limited competition, in which a market is shared by a small number of producers or sellers. This created higher prices for consumers.

Front 15

Stock Market of the 1920's

Back 15

During the 1920’s, the U.S. stock market underwent rapid expansion, reaching its peak in August 1929; this was referred to as the Stock Market Boom. October 29, 1929, Black Tuesday hit Wall Street as investors traded some 16 million shares on the New York Stock Exchange in a single day. Billions of dollars were lost, wiping out thousands of investors. This is what led to the Great Depression.