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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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N. America in 1492
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Who: Native people
Where: N. America When? 10,000 BC to 1492 AD What? There were many natives and they vary - They were farmers and sophisticated people |
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the Atlantic Islands
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Who? Portugal, France, and Spain
Where? The tropic region of the Atlantic Ocean When? 1450 to 1491 A.D What? Conquered by the Iberians in the 15th century |
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Portuguese in Africa
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Who? Portuguese explorers and adventurers with Prince Henry the Navigator and including Vasco Da Gama and Albuquerque
When? 1450 A.D to 1973 A.D Where? Indian Ocean, the Cape, Angola What? They desired to find an ocean to the Indies the Portuguese began sailing around Africa |
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Spanish exploration and conquest
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Who? Spanish explorers and conquistadores
Where? Mexico, Peru, the Caribbean, Florida When? 1492 to 1590 A.D What? The Spanish recieved'title' to most of the New World of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1493 AD) . Initially the Spaniards sought gold and glory to spread the Catholic faith |
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the Columbian Exchange
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Who? Europeans and the native Americans
Where? The New World When?1492 to 1600 AD What? Refers to exchange of plants, animals between the New and Old World - products, plants, & diseases |
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Sugar Cultivation
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Who? English, French, Dutch, Spanish, Portugese, & Africans
Where? Caribbean islands and brazil When 1550 A.D What? Sugar was cultivated using slave labor on large plantation |
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Puritans & Separatists
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Who? Religious dissenters in England
Where? England, Holland, Massachusetts When? 1550-1600 A.D What? These people wanted to reform the Church of England -The Puritans wanted to remain in the Anglican church but reform it |
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The Founding of Virginia
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Who? The Virginia Company and James I
Where? The Chesapeake region When? 1606 AD What? A charter from King James I to the Virgina Co. , commercial enterprise, to establish a settlement in N America - As the settlers were mostly aristocrats and their servants the colony nearly starved |
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The Found of New England
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Who? Puritan and Separatist dissidents, John Winthrop, the Massachusetts Bay Co.
Where? Massachusett's Bay When? 1620 AD What? Dissidents desiring to establish a religious refuge convient king James I to charter the Massachusetts Bay Co. - But they did not intend to embark on a commercial venture |
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Governor John Winthrop
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Who? Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony
When? 1630 AD Where? Massachusetts Bay What? Winthrop wanted to establish a religious refuge for Puritan dissenters in the New World - He was instrumental in the founding of Massachusetts Bay Colony |
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the Pequot War
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Who? Peqot Confederacy vs. English colonists and their Mohegan and Narragansett allies
When? 1637-38 AD Where? Connecticut and Massachusetts What? Conflict among the various Algonquian confederacies of New England |
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French expansion- Canada & Louisiana
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Who? The French
Where? St. Lawrence Gulf to the Gulf of Mexico When? 1650 to 1699 What? During the second half of the 17th Century the French established control over a vast area encompassing the entire middle of N. America |
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The Pueblo Revolt
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Who? The Spanish, The Pueblo, the Navajo and Apache
Where? New Mexico When? 1680 to 1692 What? Pubelo tribes rose in revolted against Spanish and had essentially enslaved them and tried to abolish their religion culture |
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King Philips War
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Who? Wampanoag Confederacy, the English, the Pequots, the Narragansett and Mohegan
Where? New England When? 1675-1676 What? This was one of the bloodiest wars and the Wampanoag Confederacy attacked the English colonies under King Philip |
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Bacon's Rebellion
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Who? the Susquehannock, Occaneechee, Doag Indians, Nathaniel Bacon, Gov. Berkely, Virgians
Where? Virginia Colon When 1676 What? Gov. Berkeley mishandled the response to a series of Indian raids triggering the colonists to attacked the wrong tribe in retaliation |
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Atlantic Slave Trade
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Who? Africans and Euro-Americans
Where? the west coast Africa, Caribbean, and N. America When?1500 to 1808 AD What? West Africa provided a ready supply of slaves .The colonies in N.America and the Caribbean provided a ready market with demand increasing as the importance of plantation agriculture grew |
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French expansion- Canada & Louisiana
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Who? The French
Where? St. Lawrence Gulf to the Gulf of Mexico When? 1650 to 1699 What? During the second half of the 17th Century the French established control over a vast area encompassing the entire middle of N. America |
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Mercantilism
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Who? English, French, Dutch, Spanish, and Portugueses
Where? Europe and her colonies overseas When?16th to 18th Centuries What? A theory that national prosperity is based on gold and silver and that world trade is unchangeable |
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The Glorious Revolution in America
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Who? James II, William and Mary, Parliment
Where? England and her colonies in N. America and the Caribbean When? 1688 What? James II and admirer of Absolutism and Louis XIV, decided to maintain stronger rivals control over the colonies |
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King George's War and the colonies
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Who? The British and the French and Spanish
Where? Europe and the New World When? 1740 to 1748 What? The War of Austrian Succession was waged in both Europe and the colonies -the war failed to resolve tension between British and French in their colonies |
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The enlightenment in the colonies
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Who? The large percentage of the population who were literate, especially the middle classes
Where? The 13 Atlantic Colonies but especially New England When? 1650-1770 What? The enlightment was perhaps even more influential in the British colonies than it was in the mother country |
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King George's War and the colonies
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Who? The British and the French and Spanish
Where? Europe and the New World When? 1740 to 1748 What? The War of Austrian Succession was waged in both Europe and the colonies -the war failed to resolve tension between British and French in their colonies |
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colonial assemblies
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Who? The gentry
Where? The Thirteen Atlantic Colonies When? 1700-1770 What? Government in all the colonies was b poular representation |
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Slave Rebellion
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Who? Slave and colonist
Where? South Carolina and New York When? 1739-41 What? Slave rebellion occurred in the colonies from time to time . This led to harsher laws being passed to keep the slaves passive |
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The Great Awakening
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Who? George Whitefield, Jonathan
Where? New England When? 1765 What? A religious revival which began in New England . It was the first religious revival in American history |
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The First Worldwide War
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Who? French, British, Native Americans, Colonist
Where? N. America, Europe, the Caribbean, India When? 1756 to 1763 AD What? Known as the Seven Years War in Europe and the French and Asian War in America . The Treaty of Paris in 1763 gave all of Canada and Ohio to Great Britain |
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Pontiac's War
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Who? N. Americans and British
Where? Canada, Great Lakes, and Ohio When? 1763-4 AD What? Dissatified with British policy after the French ceded Ohio and Canada to Great Britain the Native Americans, led by an Ottawa sachem named Pontiac rebelled They were able to capture some forts but they accepted British ruling and in favor they changed their policies towards the Indians |
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Sugar and Currency Acts
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Who? Parliment, the Colonist
Where? The Colonies, the Caribbean When? 1764 AD What? British wanted to control over colonial trade the trade so they put up the Sugar Act . People didn't like the Sugar Act . The Currency Act outlawed the paper money circulated by the colonies. |
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the Stamp Act Crisis
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Who? Prime Minister George Grencille
Where? The Colonies When? 1765 AD What? People were not satisfied so colonists protested vigorously Another protest was registered by Patrick Henry |
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Patrick Henry
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Who? A 29 year old lawyer in the House of Burgesses.
Where? Virginia When? 1765AD What? . Wrote the Virginia Stamp Act Resolves . Only the House of Burgesses could tax Virginians as they could be taxed without their consent and Parliment could not obtain their consent. |
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Boston Massacre
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Who? The British army and the mob
Where? Boston, Massachusetts When? March 5th, 1770 AD What? Despite the pending repeal of the Townshend Act peple the colonies were angry over British enforcementof the customs laws . Inexperienced soldiers fired into the crowd and killed some |
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Tea and Coercive Acts
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Who? The East India Company and Parliament
Where? The 13 colonies When? 1773 AD What? To save the E. India Company, Parliament decided to grant the Tea Act which granted a virtual monopoly |
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Lexington and Concords
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Who? Patriots and the British army under Gage
Where? Lexington and Concord Massachusetts When? 1775 What? The British decided to take weapons from Lexington and Concordat stop uprising. -272 British died and 93 Americans died. - the 'shot heard round the world' |
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Common Sense
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Who? Thomas Paine
Where? The 13 Colonies When? 1776 What? An English radical, Paine wrote Common Sense and called for a republic for a government. . His radical ideas were expressed in powerful . He attacked King George personally |
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George Washington
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Who? A Virginia planter and officer in the colonial militia
Where? Virginia and the 13 colonies When? 1776- 1783 What? He proved to be the ideal choice to create and lead the Continental Army . he had great stamina, personality, calm demeanor, imposing stature, and military experience |
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The Declaration of Independence
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Who? Thomas Jefferson and the Second Continental Congress
Where? Philadelphia When? 1776 Wht? The patriots were anxious not to appear as rebels but as Englishmen lawfully defending their rights . ' we hold these truthes to be self evident..' were the key element in the Declaration of Independence |
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Battle of Saratoga
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Who? John Burgoyne and Hortio Gates
Where? Upstate New York When? 1777 What? The strategy of the British was to cuut off the colonies from New England, seen as the seat rebellion |
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Yorktown
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Who? Washington and Cornwallis
Where? Yorktown Virginia When? 1781 What? Cornwallis, suffered alot during war surrendered to Washington . His surrender led to the fall of Lord North's government and Parliament to an increasing unpopular war |
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Treaty of Paris
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Who? British, Americans, French
Where? Paris When? 1782-1783 What? Peace negotiation led to the Treaty of Paris being signed Britain recognized the independence of the colonies . British agreed to vast boundaries . Florida was reverted to Spain |
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Articles of Confederation
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Who? Congress
Where? Philadelphia When? 1777 What? The outline of a national government . A weak federal authority and strong state governments . The results were weak that they suffered from financial and foreign policy setbacks |
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Northwest Ordinance
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Who? Congress
Where? Northwest Territories When ? 1787 What?This established a bill of rights for settlers; freedom of religion and a right to jury trial, forbade cruel and uncual punishments... etc |
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Shay's Rebellion
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Who? Daniel Shay
Where Massachusetts When?1787 What? A rebellion led by a former officer in the Continental Army . Shay's Rebellion was quickly put down but convinced many the need for a NEW CONSTITUTION |
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The Constitution Convention
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Who? Delegated from all states except Rhode Island, James Madison
Where? Philadelphia When? 1787 What? The United States needed a stronger government, so they rewrote the Constitution . the key would be to make checks against federalism and tyranny . There was a distinction between federal powere and state rights |
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Virginia and New Jersey Plans
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Who? Edmund Randolph & William Paterson
Where? Philadelphia When? 1787 What? This held the concept of national government . This was also known as th Great Compromise |
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Slavery and the Constitution
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Who? Madison Randolph, Paterson
Where? Philadelphia When? 1787 What? As a census was taken every ten years there were things to consider .. N. Americans were not couunted as people &Slaves were 3/5 of a person |
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The Bill of Rights
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Who? The Anti-Federalists
Where? Philadelphia When? 1789-91 What? If the Constitution is a Federalist document; the Bill of Right is an Anti-Federaist document . Even though the constitution was much weaker then they thought, Anti-Federalists were still leery |
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Republicans & Federalists
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Who? Hamilton, Adams, Madison, Jefferson, Randolph
Where? America When? 1790 - 1800 What? Partisan politics .Federalists stood strong for a strong national government and a weak state government |
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Jay's Treaty
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Who? John Jay and the British
Where? London When ? 1794 What? Jay sought out removal of British posts in the Northwest Territory . He was sent to London to negotiate by Washington |
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The Alien and Sedition Acts
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Who? The Federalist
Where? America When? 1798 What? The federalists attempted to codify into law the belief that Republicans were subversive . Sedition Act was to control both citizens and aliens |
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The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
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Who? Jefferson and Madison
Where? Virginia and Kentucky When 1798 What? Jefferson and Madison turned to the state legislatures to combat the Alien and Sedition |
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The Election of 1800
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Who? Jefferson and Adams
Where? America When? 1800 What? The peaceful transition of power despite such fierce partisanship showed that the American experiment in representative government held great promised |
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Judicial Review
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Who? John Marshall, William Marbury & James Madison
Where? Supreme Court, Washington DC When? 1801 What?'Midnight appointments' by John adams were engaged by James Madison. By ruling out that the Supreme Court had no writes to issue writs of mandamus -- this established an enhance independece of the judiciary |
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The Louisiana Purchase
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Who? Jefferson, Congress, and Napoleon
Where? Louisiana When? 1804-05 What? Napoleon insisted that Jefferson would buy all of Louisiana and give a generous price of $15 million dollars. . By purchasing this it doubled the size of the US |
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The War of 1812
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Who? British and Americans
Where? Canada, Ohio Valley, Louisiana, Atlantic Ocean, Great Lakes When? 1812-1815 What? . The second American War of Independence .British were sent to Canada and Louisiana but was defeated in the battle of New Orleans |
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The American System
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Who? James Madison, Henry Clay & John Calhoun
Where? America When 1815 to 1816 What? When Clay called Madison for an American system it called for a national tax, . by 1816 a Second Bank of the US was chartered |
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The Era of Good Feeling
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Who? James Monroe
Where? America When 1816 to 1824 What? Federalists ere weakened after Monroe defeated the Federalist opponent in 1816 . Boston newspaper names it as a period of era of Good Feeling |
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The Monroe Doctrine
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Who? James Monroe
Where? Western Hemisphere When? 1823 What? . President Monroe gave a speach that said that we US shouldn't be subjected to European power . This helped grow nationalism of the American people |
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The Missouri Compromise
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Who? North and South
Where? Missouri When? 1820 What? One issue that was dealt with was if Missouri was registered as a slave state then it would throw off the balance between slave states and free states . Clay decided to offer up a compromise which seemed to temporarily fix the issue |
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Mormons
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Who? Joseph Smith and Brigham Young
Where? New York, Illinois, Utah When? 1820 to present What? Smith claims of finding golden plates from an angel Moroni . They were driven out by angry mobs . Smith and his brother were jailed and murdered for there actions, Mormons fled and settled in Utah |
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abolitionism
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Who? Abolitionists, free blacks, escaped slaves, northern evangelicals
Where? New England? When? 1820 to 1860 What? . Evangelicals believed that slavery was a sin amongst the US .the first couple violent over throw was led by David Walker |
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Democrats
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Who? Supporters of Jackson, mosty westerners and the poor
Where? America When 1830 and 1840 What? They believe in a limited government, limited paper currency, state banks over federal, and common man |
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Nullification
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Who? John C Calhoun
Where? South Carolina When 1828 and 1832 What? This doctrine held that states can nulify federal laws that can harm their interest. . Congress passed the Force Act enabling the President to use force to collect federal revenues from the states |
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Second Back of the US
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Who? Nicholas Biddle and Andrew Jackson
Where? Philadelphia When 1816 to 1841 What? Jacksonians democrats hated the Bank as a symbol of elitism. . Jackson was determined to destroy it . The Bank issue led to the formation of the Whig Party |
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William Henry Harrison
the election of 1840 |
Who? William Henry Harrison and Van Buren
Where? America When ? 1840 What? Harrison was a a hero . He was a war hero and an Indian fighter |
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The West in the American Imagination
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Who? Americans
Where? The trans-Mississippi West When? First half of the 19th Century What? . West was inhabited by the native american tribes . Individual mountain men went into the West to leave civilization. |
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Black Hawk War
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Who? Black Hawk?
Where? Illnois When? 1832 What? . Henry Harrison, the governor of indian territory, convinced the Sac and Fox leaders to sign away lands for ammunities .Black hawk and followers battled after the Bad Axe battle which was basically a massacre and Black Hawks surrendered |
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The Fur Trade
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Who? Trapper, Native Americans
Where? The West, especially the Rockies When? 1820 to 1849 What? Hudson's Bay Company by 1846 succeesded in destroying it's American rivals by making better quality and chaper goods to get the best furs |
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The Lone Star Republic
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Who? Sam Houston & Stephan Austin
Where? The Southwest When 1836 to 1848 What? The Spanish and Mexicans encouraged Anglo- Americans to settle in Tejas .The Texicans defeated Mexican government forces victory at the Alamo, at San Jacinto and forced the Mexican government to recognize Texas' independance |
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Oregon Trail
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Who? Immigrans and native Americans
Where? The Great Plains to the Pacfic Coast When 1841 to 1869 What? The Great Migration of 1843 showed wagons could move alot of stuff all the way to Oregon .Emigrants along the trail had to contend with sudden storms, breakdowns, etc |
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Gold Rush
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Who? 49ers
Where? Sutter's mill, California When 1849 What ? . This allowed California to become admitted as a state in 1850 and called it the Compromise of 1850 |
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Manifest Destiny
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Who ? John L O'Sullican, Jacksonian Democrats
Where? The West When? 1840 to 1890 What? O' Sullivan believed that God had blessed us with Americas and that we should embrace the prosperous land. . He believed that the US is a 'divine destiny' . He urged for Texas to be annexed |
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The Mexican War
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Who? America, Mexico
Where? Southwest and Northern Mexico When? 1846 to 1848 What? .Mexico had a large army & Europe had trained officers it seemed like they would win the war . Because America has such a GREAT population America won the war . Prize was California, Texas, and the Southwest -- this was the treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo |
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Comproimise of 1850
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Where? California
Who? Henry Clay, Stephn Douglas, Daniel Webster What? This admitted California as a state in the 1850 . There were a couple laws. .California was a free state .Texas was a slave state .Slave trade in the District Columbia was ended |
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Fugitive Slave Act
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Who? Slave states and Free Soilers
Where? America When? 1850 What? This law, which was controversial, needed escaped slaves to be returned .Slave catchers were involved . Free states were bitter and angry because slave power was extended to the North |
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Uncle Tom's Cabin
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Who?Harriet Stowe
Where? Conneticut When? 1852 What? Anti Slave novel by Stowe, this helped break the ground of the civil war . Best selling novel in the 19th century |
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act
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Who? Stephen Douglas
Where? Nebraska Territory When? 1854 What? Douglas proposed allowing the issue to be decided by popular sovereignty . This angered Free Soilers who accused him of weakening the Missouri Compromise and giving in to slave power |
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Dred Scott case
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Who? Dr. John Emerson, Dred Scott
Where? St Louis, Missouri When? 1846-58 What? Dred scott, a slave, sued for his freedom since he lived in a free state . Supreme court decided that any type of slave could not be citizens... and they could not sue the Federal Court . The ruling showed that Slave Power was on the march |
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The Election of 1860
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Who? Abraham Lincoln, John C. Breckenridge, John Bell
Where? Washington DC Where? 1860 What? Lincoln's election, despite the almost total lack of support from the Republican Party in the slave states, . The Democratic party split when deciding on reps. . This allowed Lincoln to win and the civil war to be inevitable |
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The Anaconda Plan
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Who? Winfield Scott
Where? The Mississippi Valley, Southern ports When? 1861 What? The Union planned on winning the war so they named it the Anaconda Plan. . They would be like an anaconda and suffocate their pray . Scott blockaded all ports in the US both southern and mississippi ports . It was unsuccessful |
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The Emancipation of Proclamation
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Who? Abraham Lincoln
Where? Washington D.C Wen 1862 -63 What? A speech given by Lincoln adter the battle of Antietam . It did not free any slave but exempted states . The main purpose was to make the war an anti slvery crusade |
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The Battle of Gettysburg
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Who? Robert E Lee vs George Meade
Where? Gettysburg, Penn. When 1863 What? . The battle lasted 3 days and gave the Union victory . Lee failed and doomed the Confederacy and lessened their chance of winning . Lincoln could give the Gettysburg address, his manifesto |
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Sherman's March to the Sea
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Who? William Sherman
Where? Georgia When? 1864 What? Sherman devised a strategy to bring Confederacy to it's knees . This demoralized the Confederacy . Sherman's victories contributed to the victory of Lincolns election |
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Appomattox
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Who? Ulysses Grant and Robert E Lee
Where? Appomottox Courthouse, Virginia When? 1865 What? The FAMOUS surrender of Lee to Grant maked the end of the Civil war . This cost 500,00 death & was one of the bloodiest wars in U.S History |
