History 1302 Fall 2009

Front 1

True or False:
By 1910, almost 60% of workers in leading manufacturing and mining idustries were foreign-born.

Back 1

True

Front 2

True or False:
After 1910, mothers' pensions -- aid given to mothers of young children who lacked male support -- were established by many states; though, to be sure, the amounts of the monthly checks given to such mothers was small and often inadequate.

Back 2

True

Front 3

True or False:
One of the main principles of Frederick W. Taylor's "scientific management" was the submission of workers to the dictates of their supervisors.

Back 3

True

Front 4

True or False:
There was little change in traditional gender roles in Progressive-era America.

Back 4

False

Front 5

True or False:
A cornucopia of goods was available to Progressive-ear Americans in downtown department stores, chain stores, and retail mail order houses.

Back 5

True

Front 6

True or False:
During the Progressive era, the Imperial Valley of California was transformed by irrigation and became a mmajor area of commercial farming.

Back 6

True

Front 7

True or False:
As president, Theodore Roosevelt was determined to break up every business trust he could find.

Back 7

False

Front 8

True or False:
The most striking political development of the early twentieth century was the rise of the national state.

Back 8

False

Front 9

True or False:
President Theodore Roosevelt distinguished between "good" and "bad" corporations, and in the Northern Securities Company case made his mark as a trust buster.

Back 9

True

Front 10

True or False:
Historians call the period of American history from the closing years of the nineteenth century into the second decade of the twentieth century the Progressive era.

Back 10

True

Front 11

True or False:
Feminists who supported mothers' pensions believed these pensions would empower single women.

Back 11

True

Front 12

True or False:
Immigrants from southern and eastern Europe showed little interest in emerging forms of popular entertainment such as amusement parks, dance halls, and nickelodeons.

Back 12

False

Front 13

True or False:
By 1913, twenty-two states had enacted workmen's compensation laws.

Back 13

True

Front 14

True of False:
The politics of Progressivism was almost solely a North American phenomenon.

Back 14

False

Front 15

True or False:
The 1912 Progressive Party platform set out a blueprint for a modern welfare state.

Back 15

True

Front 16

True or False:
Women reformers devoted little attention to labor conditions, regarding that as a "man's issue."

Back 16

False

Front 17

True or False:
By 1900, more than 80,000 women in the United States had earned college degrees.

Back 17

True

Front 18

True or False:
In the Progressive era, industry was on the rise and agriculture was in decline.

Back 18

False

Front 19

True or False:
"Social legislation" includes governmental action taken to address urban problems and the insecurities of working-class life.

Back 19

True

Front 20

Mabel Dodge's New York living room was the location of a famed "salon" in which bohemian intellectuals and intelligentsia gathered to discuss issues of secual liberation, modern trends in art and labor unrest.

Back 20

True

Front 21

True or False:
In 1903, Alabama passed a law restricting child labor, and by 1915 all Southern states had followed suite.

Back 21

True

Front 22

True or False:
"The New Nationalism" was the name of the program on which Woodrow Wilson ran for the presidency in 1912.

Back 22

False

Front 23

True or False:
The National Consumers' League was a leading advocate for legislation for women and children in Progressive-era America.

Back 23

True

Front 24

True or False:
William Howard Taft opposed the graduated income tax.

Back 24

False

Front 25

True or False:
The Supreme Court's decision in Mueller v. Oregon (1908) unambiguously empowered women.

Back 25

False

Front 26

True or False:
The first World Series was played in 1903.

Back 26

True

Front 27

Julia Lathrop was the first woman to head a federal agency; in 1912 she took up leadership of the Childrens Bureau.

Back 27

True

Front 28

True or False:
President Theodore Roosevelt's political program was called the New Deal.

Back 28

False

Front 29

True or False:
By the 1910s, women worked no only as domestic servants, but also as office workers, telephone operators, and store clerks.

Back 29

True

Front 30

True or False:
At a time when college-educated women were excluded from politics (in almost every state women could not vote), they became spearheads for reform by opening settlement houses -- houses in impoverished areas of cities -- from which they administered kindergartens, employment bureaus, health clinics, and other endeavors, which both empowered themselves and their immigrant neighbors.

Back 30

True

Front 31

True of False:
Yet another example of Theodore Roosevelt's expansion of the powers of the federal government wer ethe actions he took vis-a-vis the conservation movement; under his leadership, and relying on the advice of Gifford Pinchot, conservation became a concerted federal policy.

Back 31

True

Front 32

True or False:
Free speech and American civil liberties became significant public issues in the early twentieth century, in workers' struggles for the right to strike, and in labor radicals' work against restraints on open-air speaking.

Back 32

True

Front 33

True or False:
Massachusetts became the first state east of the Mississippi to allow women the right to vote in presidential elections.

Back 33

False

Front 34

True or False:
The Federal Reserve System (1913), and the Federal Trade Commission (1914) were major examples of the remarkable expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy during the Progressive era.

Back 34

True

Front 35

True or False:
Cities formed a principal focus of Progressive-ear politics and a new massconsumer society.

Back 35

True

Front 36

True of False:
In the early twentieth century, New York City was a center of finance, publishing, and entertainment, but there was almost no manufacturing going on in the city.

Back 36

False

Front 37

True or False:
Theodore Roosevelt was the youngest president in American history.

Back 37

True

Front 38

True or False:
The Underwood Tariff imposed a graduated income tax on the richest five percent of Americans.

Back 38

True

Front 39

True of False:
The Sixteenth Amendment made the income tax constitutional.

Back 39

True

Front 40

True of False:
The most prominent female reformer in Progressive-ear America was Florence Kelley.

Back 40

False

Front 41

True or False:
An example of President Roosevelt's activism was his handling of the anthracite coal strike of 1902, in which he threatened a federal takeover of the mines.

Back 41

True

Front 42

True or False:
The new radical "bohemia" that thrived in places like Greenwich Village explored fresh ways of thinking about politics, culture, and sexuality.

Back 42

True

Front 43

True of False:
The Progressive era was a time of economic expansion that produced millions of new jobs and brought unprecedented material wealth to millions of Americans.

Back 43

True

Front 44

True or False:
A significant step in the expansion of federal power over the economy was taken in1906 with passage of the Hepburn Act, which allowed the ICC to set railroad rates.

Back 44

True

Front 45

True or False:
At times Progressives sought to expand popular democracy, and at times they sought to restrict it.

Back 45

True

Front 46

True or False:
In 1912, the Democratic Party had a long tradition of backing states' rights and a laissez-faire approach to the economy; but nominated Woodrow Willson as their presidential candidate; Wilson had been a Progressive governor of New Jersey.

Back 46

True

Front 47

True or False:
By 1900, more than half of the states allowed women to vote on school issues, and four Western states allowed women full suffrage.

Back 47

True

Front 48

True or False:
The initiative, referendum, and recall were all early-twentieth-century means by which democracy was expanded.

Back 48

True

Front 49

True or False:
Millions of Europeans immigrated to the United States to flee oppressive governments and poverty, and with a desire to share the "freedom and prosperity" the United States afforded.

Back 49

True

Front 50

True or False"
President William McKinley was assassinated by an anarchist in September 1901.

Back 50

True

Front 51

True or False:
An example of President Roosevelt's activism was his handling of the anthracite coal strike of 1902, in which he threatened a federal takeover of the mines.

Back 51

True

Front 52

True or False:
The new radical "bohemia" that thrived in places like Greenwich Village explored fresh ways of thinking about politics, culture, and sexuality.

Back 52

True

Front 53

True of False:
The Progressive era was a time of economic expansion that produced millions of new jobs and brought unprecedented material wealth to millions of Americans.

Back 53

True

Front 54

True or False:
A significant step in the expansion of federal power over the economy was taken in1906 with passage of the Hepburn Act, which allowed the ICC to set railroad rates.

Back 54

True

Front 55

True or False:
At times Progressives sought to expand popular democracy, and at times they sought to restrict it.

Back 55

True

Front 56

True or False:
In 1912, the Democratic Party had a long tradition of backing states' rights and a laissez-faire approach to the economy; but nominated Woodrow Willson as their presidential candidate; Wilson had been a Progressive governor of New Jersey.

Back 56

True

Front 57

True or False:
By 1900, more than half of the states allowed women to vote on school issues, and four Western states allowed women full suffrage.

Back 57

True

Front 58

True or False:
The initiative, referendum, and recall were all early-twentieth-century means by which democracy was expanded.

Back 58

True

Front 59

True or False:
Millions of Europeans immigrated to the United States to flee oppressive governments and poverty, and with a desire to share the "freedom and prosperity" the United States afforded.

Back 59

True

Front 60

True or False"
President William McKinley was assassinated by an anarchist in September 1901.

Back 60

True

Front 61

True or False:
President Woodrow Wilson proved to be a weka executive leader, taciturn and secretive.

Back 61

False

Front 62

Not all Americans shared in the mass-consumption society in Progressive-era America; persistent poverty in the South, low wages, and an unequal distribution of income kept many Americans from participating in the nation's growing wealth.

Back 62

True

Front 63

True or False:
Louis D,. Brandeis held that economic entitlements must be based on special service to the nation.

Back 63

False

Front 64

True or False:
Among the many leisure activities in Progressive-era America were amusement parks, dance halls, vaudeville theaters, and silent motion pictures, called "nickelodeons."

Back 64

True

Front 65

True or False:
During the Progressive era more than a million claims for free government land were filed under the Homestead Act of 1863, while the populations of Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas grew rapidly.

Back 65

True

Front 66

True or False:
Directly or indirectly, J.P. Morgan controlled 40 percent of the financial and industrial capital in the United States in the opening years of the twentieth century.

Back 66

True

Front 67

True or False:
One current of Progressive-era political thought promoted the view that experts -- college professors and others able to apply scientific methods to modern social problems -- ought to direct government policy.

Back 67

True

Front 68

True or False:
Herbert Croly proposed a new synthesis of American political traditions in which "Jeffersonian ends" would be achieved by employing "Hamiltonian means."

Back 68

True

Front 69

True or False:
President William Howard Taft pursued antitrust policy far less aggressively than Roosevelt had.

Back 69

False

Front 70

True or False:
Wilson met fierce resistance by the Republican-controlled Congress during his first term.

Back 70

False

Front 71

True or False:
The Keating-Owen Act of 1916 legalized child labor.

Back 71

False

Front 72

True or False:
The 1911, Triangle Fire was a fire in a triangular region of Massachusetts between the towns of Worcester, Boston, and Salem.

Back 72

False

Front 73

True or False:
Gifford Pinchot held that logging, mining, and grazing on public lands should be eliminated.

Back 73

False

Front 74

True or False:
Another important example of federal intervention and a neww activism on the part of the national government into the economy was passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) by which the federal government became the agent policing the labeling and quality of food and drugs.

Back 74

True

Front 75

True or False:
During the Progressive era, city managers and nonpartisan commissions ran many municipalities.

Back 75

True

Front 76

After 1900, the campaign for women's suffrage became a mass movement; membership in the American Woman Suffrage Association was more than 2 million by 1917.

Back 76

True

Front 77

True or False:
Theodore Roosevelt's "New Nationalism" called for vigorous federal intervetion in the economy, while Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" called on government to stay out of business affairs.

Back 77

False

Front 78

True or False:
The Underwood Tariff sharply raised duties on imports

Back 78

False

Front 79

How many immigrants came to the United States between 1901 and 1914?

Back 79

13 million

Front 80

The view that the foremost social problem in
America lay in the cantradiction between "political liberty" and "industrial slavery" was held by:

Back 80

Louis D. Brandeis

Front 81

The term "Progressive" that came into common use around 1910 describes:

Back 81

a loosely defined political movement of individuals and groups who hoped to bring about social and political chaange in American life

Front 82

What was the name of the organization that advocated a workers' revolution to seize control of the means of production and abolish the state, and which organized women, blacks, as Asian-Americans, as well as white men?

Back 82

Industrial Workers of the World

Front 83

What was a theme of Upton Sinclair's The Jungle?

Back 83

* the hardship and uncertainty of immigrant life
*the harsh labor conditions at meatpacking houses
*the unsanitary preparation of meats at the packing houses

Front 84

What were three goals of the Socialist Party in the United States at its 1901 founding?

Back 84

*free college education
*legislation to improve the conditions of laborers
*democratic control over the economy through public ownership of factories

Front 85

What were some key elements of the Progressive ideology?

Back 85

*Human beings and their society can be improved, perhaps even perfected, through collective effort.
*For all of its achievements, unregulated capitalism has generated dehumaniIng conditions for millions of Americans.
*Government runs best when left to the professionals.

Front 86

All of the following were muckrackers, except:
*Lincoln Steffens
*Ida Tarbell
*Upton Sinclair
*Theodore Roosevelt

Back 86

Theodoore Roosevelt

Front 87

Pope Leo XIII's 1894 Rerum Novarum, and the Catholic priest Father John A. Ryan's A Living Wage (1906), called for what?

Back 87

*a decent standard of living for working people
*an endorsement of the rights of working people to organize unions
*repudiating competitive individualism in favor of a more cooperative vision of the good society

Front 88

The Progressive Era was a time of:

Back 88

explosive economic growth, rapid population rise, and increased industrial production, and "Golden Age" for American agriculture

Front 89

What are some groups associated with the Progressive movement?

Back 89

*forward-looking businessmen
*labor activists, who desired to empower industrial workers
*social scientists who believed that their research would help to solve social problems

Front 90

The Progressive Era economic system based on mass production and mass consumption came to be called:

Back 90

Fordism

Front 91

True or False:
Once elected in 1912, Wilson surprised many be shifting toward a conservative, and Progressive position

Back 91

False

Front 92

The 1909 "uprising of the 20,000" was:

Back 92

a walkout of garment workers, which led to a victory for the International Ladies' Garment Workers Union

Front 93

Progressive-era writers and photographers seeking to expose the underside of urban-industrial society were known as:

Back 93

Muckrakers

Front 94

What are some of the principal "varieties of Progressivism"?

Back 94

*the proposal to return to a competitive marketplace of small producers
*acceptance of large corporations, with the view that the government ought to regulate them
*the proposal to relocate freedom from the economic and political worlds to the private realm of personal fulfillment

Front 95

What was the name of the organization that sponsored the 1914 debate at New York City's Cooper Union of the question "What is feminism?", and whose definition of feminism emphasized greater economic opportunities, the vote, and open discussions of sexuality?

Back 95

Heterodoxy

Front 96

Who was the woman best known during the second decade of the twentieth century for promoting birth control?

Back 96

Margaret Sanger

Front 97

What is the proper sequence of the following events?
(a) Meat Inspection Act
(b) Federal Reserve Act
(c) Assassination of President McKinley
(d) Unveiling of Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" program

Back 97

* Assassination of President McKinley
* Meat Inspection Act
*Unveiling of Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" program
*Federal Reserve Act

Front 98

What were some significant parts of Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive agenda?

Back 98

*curbing the power of the railroads
*protecting consumers
*conserving natural resources

Front 99

Who was the early-twentieth-century governor of Wisconsin, who made that state a "laboratory for democracy," developed what came to be known as the the Wisconsin Idea, taxed corporate wealth, and initiated state regulation of public utilites?

Back 99

Robert M. LaFollette

Front 100

Who was the Progressive-Era mayor Toledo who founded night schools, built new parks, established kindergartens, and supported the right of workers to unionize?

Back 100

Samuel "Golden Rule" Jones

Front 101

In 1907, at a time when segregation had become much the norm throughout the South, in which city did a strike of 10,000 black and white dockworkers take place, as a remarkable expression of interracial solidarity?

Back 101

New Orleans, Louisiana

Front 102

In Progressive-Era America, what particular locale became known as a center of sexual experimentation, attracting women interested in free sexual expression and, with its aura of tolerance, attracted many homosexuals?

Back 102

Greenwich Village in New York City

Front 103

A principal organization in the early twentieth century that battled for civil liberties and the right of individual freedom of speech was:

Back 103

the Industrial Workers of the World

Front 104

The amendment to the United States Constitution that provides that United States senators will be chosen by popular vote rather than by state legislatures is:

Back 104

The Seventeenth Amendment

Front 105

The 1912, the mill workers strike that had the greatest impact on public consciousness in Progressive-Era America took place in:

Back 105

Lawrence, Massachusetts

Front 106

True or False:
A significant motivation behind Progressivism was a desire to free America culture from its obsession with morality and values.

Back 106

False

Front 107

In Charlotte Perkins Gilman's view, as she wrote inher influential book Women and Economics (1898):

Back 107

prevailing gender norms condemned women to a life of domestic drudgery; women were oppressed, and a housewife was an unproductive parasite.

Front 108

Progressive-era feminists were:

Back 108

engaged in a wide range of social causes.

Front 109

Who ws the leading Socialist Party figure who ran for the presidency of the United States on several occasions?

Back 109

Eudene V. Debs

Front 110

The 1914 Ludlow Massacre was:

Back 110

an attack by militia against a tent city of striking workers in Colorado

Front 111

The organization of middle-class and upper-class women and impoverished immigrants founded in 1903 to bring women workers into unions was called the:

Back 111

Women's Trade Union League