History 1301 Chapter 7-11

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The American colonial exponents of republicanism argued that a just society depends on

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a willingness to subordinate private interests to the common good.

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Under the theory of mercantilism, the British colonies were essentially expected to

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furnish raw materials to the mother country and buy British manufactured goods.

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One of the ways in which mercantilism harmed the colonial economy was by

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inhibiting development of banking and paper currency in the colonies.

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The primary advantage that the British enjoyed at the outset of the American Revolution was a

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large, professionally trained army and navy.

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Besides effective military and political leadership, the greatest advantage that the rebels enjoyed was

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the fact that they were fighting a defensive war on their own vast territory.

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The event that precipitated the first real shooting between the British army and the American colonists was the

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British attempt to seize colonial supplies and leaders at Lexington and Concord.

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One of the advantages the British enjoyed in the impeding conflict with the colonies was

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the ability to enlist foreign soldiers, Loyalists, and Native Americans in their military forces.

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In the Revolutionary War, African Americans

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fought in both the American and patriot and British loyalist military forces.

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One of the most demoralizing forces undermining the American cause was

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corrupt profiteering and speculation by American merchants.

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The Continental Congress's primary reason for naming George Washington commander of the army was

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that he was a wealthy planter from Virgina and thus provided political balance.

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In July 1775, after the Battle of Bunker Hill, the Continental Congress

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adopted an Olive Branch Petition declaring American loyalty to the king and begging him to find a peaceful solution

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The two brilliant American generals who conducted the nearly-successful invasion of Canada in October 1775 were

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Richard Montgomery and Bendict Arnold

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The key development leading a majority of Americans to favor independence after January 1776 was

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Thomas Paine's brilliant arguments for independence in his publication Common Sense.

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Most Americans

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considered citizen virtue fundamental to any successful republican government

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Thomas Jefferson's Declaration of Independence was most brilliant and effective in

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linking the cause of American independence to the " Natural Rights" of humankind

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All of the following were true of the Loyalists except

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colonists defeated fifteen hundred Loyalists at Moore's Creek Bridge in North Carolina.

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At the outset of the American Revolution, the civilian population in the colonies was generally

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neutral or apathetic

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All of the following fates befell Loyalists after the Revolutionary War except they

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were given aristocratic status in Canada

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Americans believed that their new national motto,"a new order for the ages," meant that in international affairs, they would stand for

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the rule of law,free trade, and an end to colonialism.

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The most important components that France contributed to America's cause in the War of Independence were

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munitions, money, and a navy that challenged British domination of the seas.

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The effect of Bendict Arnold's treachery was

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to staffer previously improving American morale.

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runaway slave, The boston Massacre, and was the first one to die

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Crispus Attucks

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Boston smuggler, served as the president of the Second Continental

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John Hancock

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Boston revolutionary

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Samuel Adams

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known as the " Fighting Quaker "

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Nathaneal Greene

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had her own opinions about the course of the American Revolution and urged her husband to take the needs and rights of women into consideration in the construction of the new government.

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Abigail Adams

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author of Common Sense

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Thomas Paine

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signatory of the Declaration of Independence

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Benjamin Franklin

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Mohawk chief

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Josheph Brant

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American frontiersman

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George Rogers Clark

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Among the important social changes brought about by the American Revolution was

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the increasing separation of church and state.

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Despite the Revolution's emphasis on human rights and equality, the Founding Fathers failed to abolish slavery because

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of their fear that a fight over slavery would destroy fragile national unity.

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One way that independence actually harmed the nation's economic fortunes was by

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cutting off American trade with the British empire

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For funding, the Congress of the Articles of Confederation depended on

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voluntary contributions from the states.

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The 1786 rebellion of Daniel Shays and his followers represented the pent up grievances of

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Poor western farmers and debtors

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The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provided that the western territories

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would proceed through two stages on the way to becoming equal states of the Union

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Who was not present among the figures of the Constitutional Convention?

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Thomas Jefferson

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The Great Compromise, finally agreed to by the Constitutional Convention, provided that

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Thomas Jefferson

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The Great Compromise, finally agreed to by the Constitutional Convention, provided that

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there would be representation by population in the House of Representatives but equal representation of all states in the Senate.

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The Antifederalists generally came from among

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states' rights advocates and poorer western farmers

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As a condition for ratification, the federalists in Massachusetts and elsewhere promised that if adopted, the constitution would be amended to include

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a bill of rights

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The crucial federalist successes in the fight for ratification occurred in the states of

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Massachuetts, Virginia, and New York

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Despite the flourishing cities, America's population was still about _______ percent rural.

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90

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The new Constitution did not provide for the creation of a(n)

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cabinet

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The first ten amendments to the new Constitution

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were passed to satisfy antifederalist concerns that the Constitution.

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The Bill of Rights is the name given to the provisions who actual legal form consists of

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the first ten amendments to the Constitution of the United States

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The influential Founder and member of Congress who personally wrote the Bill of Rights was

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James Madison

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The Ninth and Tenth Amendments partly reversed the federalist momentum of the Constitution by declaring that

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all rights not mentioned in the federl Constitution were retined by the states or by the people themselves.

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Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton believed that federal fiscal policies should be designed to favor

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the wealthy

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Hamilton's first financial policies were intended to

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fund the national debt and to have the federal government assume the debts owed by the states.

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Alexander Hamilton believed that the Bank of the United States was constitutional because of the

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"necessary and proper" clause of the Constitution

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The first American political parties developed primarily because of