Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Joules Michalet
|
Coined term "Renaissance" 1855-1858
|
|
|
Georgio Visari
|
Largely responsible for construction of Uffizi
|
|
|
Jacob Burckhardt
|
Father of cultural history approach
-"Point of departure for modern world." |
|
|
Medicci family
|
Based in Florence, in charge of Papal banking
|
|
|
Cosimi de Medicci
|
Studied and collected Ancient writings. Promoted and preserved writing of antiquity.
|
|
|
Lorenzo
|
Grandson to Cosimi de Medecci. Spent 1/2 of Florence's money on cultural persuits.
|
|
|
Petrarch
|
Father of humanism
|
|
|
Leonardo Bruni
|
Humanist who promoted internal locust of control. Reflective of individualism.
|
|
|
Donatello
|
Constructed sculpture in 1460s that was 1st nude since antiquity.
|
|
|
Da Vinci
|
"Virtuoso." Paintings suggested gender ambiguity. Paintings sfumato (smoky).
|
|
|
Rafael
|
Unusually sensative. Loved by contemporaries. Best known for "School of Athens"
|
|
|
Michelangelo
|
Sculptor, architect, painter.
"David"- Began sculpting at age 26. Completed in 1504. Sistine chapel- 4 years Designed dome of St Peters vasicila |
|
|
Yohan Gutenberg
|
1450- Printing press
1456- Gutenberg Bible 1500- Printing press operated in at least 200 cities in Europe |
|
|
Merandola
|
Read Greek, Hebrew, Latin,and Arabic
-focused on human spirit, psychology -argues that it is futile to keep rulers of state virtuous -though God should be kept out of politics -saw state as a man made creation |
|
|
Castiglione
|
"Book of the Courtier"
said men need broad education and to be virtuoso |
|
|
Nicholas V
|
Obtained ~9,000 manuscripts for Vatican library
|
|
|
Sixtus IV
|
built Vatican library
|
|
|
John Wycliffe
|
England: Emphasized salvation through independent faith, translated Bible into English 1320-1384
|
|
|
Jan Hus
|
Bohemia- Wanted to separate from Catholic church. Wanted Bohemia to separate from Holy Roman Empire
|
|
|
Charles V
|
Holy Roman Emperor crowned by Pope. Seen as a temporal leader.
|
|
|
Martin Luther
|
-Monk, Order of Hermits in St. Augestine, ordained in 1507
-1512: earned doctorate in theology -1510: traveled to Rome and concerned??? -troubled by catholic teachings that perfection was required for salvation according to faith -Believed in a loving God, Sola Scriptura, refuted idea of Papal infalability, believed Papacy was blocking reform -Intended to reform Catholic Church from within, not to start a new sect -excommunicated, followers start new sect -1521: Charles V decides to try Luter for Heracy, Luther goes into hiding to avoid arrest -Translates Bible to German while in hiding -Supported by German princes as a way of resisting Charles V -Supporters=protestants saved from taxes -1524-1525: Peasant revolt against social & economic inequality, Luther encourages Princes not to have mercy on them, did not see motives by faith |
|
|
Johann Tetzel
|
Angry reaction from Catholic Church
|
|
|
Ulrich Zwingly
|
- Said if not stated in Bible, not to be believed
- People's priest in Zurich "Zwinglism" - Made Zurich a protestant center - Disagreed w/ Luther in terms of transubstantiation - Emphasized divine nature over human nature-bread and wine only symbolic |
|
|
Catherine de Medecci
|
-becomes queen of France, married Henry II
-Not popular in France, not a member of aristocracy, not royalty -introduced new ways of life in france (fork and knife, men and women eating together, corsett) -Concerned with preservation of a strong Monarchy, extremely involved in children's marraige choices -Daughter Margaret of Valois, C de M thought her marraige might be an opportunity to settle religious conflict. -Marries daughter to Henry of Navarro, hugenot - Establishes plot to murder hugenot leader in Coligny -Wedding- many protestants in uprising, 20,000 deaths result, symbol of martyrdom |
|
|
Henry of Navare
|
Becomes Henry IV king of France
-pressured to convert to Catholicism -converts "Paris is worth a mass" 1598- issues edict of Nantes-granted religious freedom, full civil rights, set up duel judicial system, provided military defense of 200 towns |
|
|
Louis XIII
|
established absolutism in France
|
|
|
Richelieu
|
advisor to Louis XIII
|
|
|
Louis XIV
|
comes to power at age 5. sees revolts as a child--increases absolutist gov't-works to give appearence of decentralization with Versailles system
|
|
|
Peter the Great
|
1682-1725- Wanted to turn Russia into a Major European power
-modernizes army by opposing standards compatible to Western Europe -St. Petersberg "Window to the west" -Peterhof "Russian Versailles" -Wed aristocracy to absolute state, gave them titles, land, peasants -Romanov dynasty maintains power until russian Revolution in 1917 |
|
|
James I
|
-1st of Stuarts
-not well respected by parliment because of porr judgement -strengthened severity of laws against Catholics "Jamestown" -Believed he had a divine right to rule |
|
|
Guy Faukes
|
-visioned religious toleration in England
|
|
|
Charles I
|
-Apex of absolutism in England
-Issues of religion and taxation -collected forced lones -formalized some practices in Church of England-book of common prayer-appoints bishops in Scotland -Puritans believe he is trying to increase Catholic influence in Church of England -1629- disbands parliment, parliment does not meet again until 1640 -War of Roundheads vs cavaleers-Captured by a group of scottish Presbyterians--had previously tried to put bishops and a book of common prayer in Scotland -Scottish turn C I to Cromwell |
|
|
Oliver Cromwell
|
Leader of Roundheads (Roundheads want to limit king's power)
-Charles I turned to him in War of Roundheads vs. Cavaleers -Keeps Charles I for 2 yrs and decides to behead him -Names self lor protector of commonwealth -Makes England a military dictatorship and divides it into 11 military districts. |
