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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three aspects of the stomach?
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Antral
Oxyntic Transitional |
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What is the significance of knowning the three aspects of the stomach?
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To correlate with the site of the biopsy (helping the endoscopist)
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Where is antral mucosa found?
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Antrum
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Where is oxyntic mucosa found?
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Fundus or body
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What is the glandular morphology of oxyntic mucosa?
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Tightly packed
Parietal and chief cells 3/4 mucosal thickness |
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What is the glandular morphology of antral mucosa?
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Loose packing
Mucinous 1/2 mucosal thickness |
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What sort of endocrine cells exist in the stomach antrum?
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Gastrin, enterochromafin, somatostatin
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What sort of endocrine cells exist in the stomach body?
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Enterochromaffin
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Where should hastrin staining only be visualised?
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In the antrum (only)
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From cranial to caudal, what is the sequence of regions in the stomach?
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Cardia, fundus, antrum, pylorus
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What can be seen as part of a low-power work-up?
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Whta type of mucosa - correlate with endoscopy
Any areas of ulceration? Any goblet cells? (marker of irritation) |
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What is necessary as part of the high power work-up?
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Inflammatory exudate? (neutrophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes)
Presence of MALT? |
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What do neutrophils indicate on a gastric biopsy?
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ACTIVE chronic inflammation
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What should you look for in the context of neutrophils, chronic gastritis and lymphoid follicles?
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H pylori infection
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What sort of polyps appear in stomach biopsies?
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Fundic gland polyp
Hyperplastic polyp Adenomas |
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What are the major histopathological changes that can be found in the submucosa
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Heterotropic pancreas
GISTs Carcinoids (mucosal, submucosal) Leiomyomas |
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What histology can be found in the stomach?
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Foveolar hyperplasia
Atrophy Lymphoma Ulcers Polyps Dysplasia |
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What histology can be found in the duodenum?
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Infections
Adenoma Celiac disase Chronic peptic duodenitis |
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What is the approach to the biopsy on low power?
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Survey and confirm type of epithelium
Look for areas of ulceration Suggestion of intestinal metaplasia? (Goblet cells) |
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What is the approach to the biopsy on high power?
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Cellular profile - chronic gastritis (plasma cells, lymphocytes)
Neutrophils? - ACTIVE Sheet like cells? - lymphoma H pylori? |
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What is the aetiology of chronic peptic duodenitis?
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Severe gastritis
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What are the two types of atrophy on stomach biopsies?
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H pylori gastritis
Autoimmune gastritis |
