Histology Section 4: Myology

Front 1

smooth muscle

Back 1

nonstriated, involuntary

Front 2

cardiac muscle

Back 2

striated, involuntary

Front 3

skeletal muscle

Back 3

striated, voluntary

Front 4

epimysium

Back 4

The connective tissue encasement of an entire muscle.

Front 5

fascicle

Back 5

A small, finite bundle of muscle fibers contained within perimysium

Front 6

perimysium

Back 6

The connective tissue encasement surrounding and thus defining a muscle fascicle.

Front 7

myofiber

Back 7

One muscle cell.

Front 8

origin

Back 8

he relatively fixed muscle attachment (more movable). Usually the more proximal.

Front 9

insertion

Back 9

The more mobile muscular attachment. usually the more distal.

Front 10

belly

Back 10

wide mid-region of a muscle.

Front 11

head

Back 11

grossly separable parts of a muscle that often have different attachmetns

Front 12

synergistic muscles

Back 12

muscles with similar attachments or positiions, and thus like or supportive actions.

Front 13

agonist-antagonism muscles

Back 13

muscles that are positioned on opposite sides of joints thus having opposite actions to one another.

Front 14

What are two main reasons that knowledge of the location of origins and insertions of certain major muscles is important?

Back 14

1) Knowing what joints and muscles will have effects on each other
2) Iff need to palpate

Front 15

Name 6 ways muscles are named.

Back 15

1) attachments (sternocephalicus)
2) shape (teres major)
3) function (supinator)
4) location/position (biceps brachi)
5) number of heads (triceps)
6) number of bellies (digastricus)

Front 16

What are the four ways muscles can attach?

Back 16

1) a tendon (fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to a bone)
2)an aponeurosis (a broad, sheet-like tendon)
3) fascia (sheet or ban of fibrous tissue)
4) periosteum (connective tissue covering all bones of the body)

Front 17

sesamoid bones

Back 17

small bones that grow within tendons to provide extra strength and support, especially where extra tension is exerted

Front 18

bursae

Back 18

a small fluid-filled sac or saclike cavity situated in tissue in places where friction would otherwise occur

Front 19

tendon sheaths

Back 19

fluid-filled sleeve that resembles a synovial bursa wrapped around the tendon, passing over points where tension is varied

Front 20

fascia

Back 20

sheet or band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches skin to underlying structures

Front 21

retinacula

Back 21

specialized, band-like condensations of deep fascia that bind down extensor and flexor tendons over the carpus or tarsus

Front 22

anular ligaments

Back 22

condensed bands binding down flexor tendons over the digits