Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the three layers of the Adrenal Cortex?
|
Zona glomerulosa
Zona fasciculata Zona reticularis |
|
|
What does the zona glomerulosa secrete?
|
mineralcorticoids (aldosterone)
|
|
|
What does the zona fasciculata secrete?
|
glucocorticoids (cortisol and corticosterone)
|
|
|
What does the zona reticularis secrete?
|
Androgens
|
|
|
What factor acts on the aona glomerulosa?
|
Angiotensin and corticotropin (ACTH)
|
|
|
What factor acts on the zona fasciculata and the zona reticularis?
|
Corticotropin
|
|
|
What type of cell exists only in the neurohypophysis?
|
Pituicytes
|
|
|
What hormone stimulates testosterone secretion?
|
LH
|
|
|
What do the Sertoli cells of the testis produce?
|
Sertoli cells are stimulated by FSH to secrete androgen-binding protein which binds with testosterone to feedback to the pituitary.
|
|
|
What are chromaffin cells?
|
Chromaffin cells are endocrine cells of the adrenal medulla. They secrete catecholamine hormones.
|
|
|
What is the embryological origin of the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis?
|
Ectoderm of the roof of the mouth becomes the Pars distalis, pars tuperalis, and median eminence. The floor of the diencephalon becomes the Pars nervosa.
|
|
|
adenohypophysis
|
anterior pituitary
|
|
|
neurohypopysis
|
posterior pituitary (pars nervosa & infundibulum)
|
|
|
ACTH
|
corticotropin
stimulates secretion by adrenal glands |
|
|
FSH stimulates what?
|
Estrogen/spermatogenesis
|
|
|
LH stimulates what?
|
Progesterone/androgen & testosterone (Leydig cells)
|
|
|
Cells of the neurohypophysis?
|
pituicytes, Herring bodies
|
|
|
Mineralcorticoids
|
act on distal renal tubules, gastric mucosa, colon & salivary & sweat glands - stimulate reabsorption of sodium by epithelial cells
|
|
|
Glucocorticois
|
affect metabolism of carbohydrates - stimulates production of glucose/gluconeogenisis. Also suppress immune response.
|
|
|
DHEA
|
dehydroepiandrosterone
sex hormone secreted by adrenal cortex - weak androgen that gets converted into testosterone |
|
|
What controls the adrenal cortex?
|
CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone), ACTH (corticotropin). Free glucocorticoids may inhibit ACTH secretion.
|
|
|
Islets of Langerhans
|
alpha = glucagon
beta = insulin D = somatostatin (inhibits other islet cell hormones through paracrine action). Located in cell of pancreas. |
