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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Synaptic vesicles:
Small molecule neurotransmitters: |
norepinephrine and epinephrine
acetylcholine dopamine serotonin Aminoacids: Glycine, glutamate, aspartate gamma amino butyric acid ( GABA) ATP and other purines Nitric oxide |
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Synaptic vesicles:
Neuropeptides: |
vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)
cholecystokinin (CCK) substance P (peptide in terminals of sensory neurons) encephalin endorphins dysnorphins neurotensin * (some of these also act like hormones) |
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Gray matter & white matter of the CNS develop exclusively from ectoderm
& lacks what = |
lack connective tissue cells and fibers.
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Neuroglia or glial cells
cannot conduct = do not form = |
cannot conduct nerve impulses
do not form synapses. |
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Neuroglia
There are 4 cell types: |
Astrocytes
Oligodendrocytes Ependyma Microglia info |
Microglia is mesodermal in origin while others are neuroectodermal in origin.
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Astrocytes
4ct |
Protoplasmic - they have numerous thick branching processes. They are most frequent in the gray matter.
Fibrous oval or slightly irregular nuclei with several processes radiating in all directions. composed of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). |
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Astrocytes
Functions - They appear to support neurons. = |
They appear to support neurons.
remove excess neurotransmitters at synapses. maintaining the microenvironment They can proliferate and form a special form of scar called |
gliosis
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Oligodendrocytes
where at = Function = |
in the gray matter
in the white matter- They form myelin around axons in the CNS |
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Microglia
Location Morphology Function- |
gray and white matter
They contain numerous lysosomes, inclusions and vesicles. They contain little RER and few microtubules or actin filaments phagocytotic |
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Ependyma
Location Morphology Function- |
the lining of the ventricular cavities and the central canal of the spinal cord.
-simple epithelium - low cuboidal or -columnar -ciliated -Circulation of the CSF through the ventricles -Formation of CSF from the choroid plexus -Absorption of substances from the CSF in the ventricles into the brain. |
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CSF is continuously produced and is reabsorbed by
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arachnoid granulations .....
transport it into the superior sagittal sinus. |
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If CFS reabsorption is blocked,
_____________? may occur. |
hydrocephalus
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