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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Function of types of Collagen
Type I, II, III, IV, VII, X |
Type I: bone ligaments and majority of connective tissue (Fibrilar)
Type II: Cartilege (Fibrilar) Type III: Reticular fibers spleen and lymph nodes (tip: 3 is for Secondary lymph organs) Type IV: basal lamina, muscle, myelin (mesh forming collagen) Type VII: basal lamina (hemidesmosome) (Anchoring Fibril) |
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What stain shows Collagen well
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Masson's Trichrome (stains blue)
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Group names of Collagens
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Fibrillar: Type I, II, III
FACIT: helps organize and form collagen fibers Anchoring: Type VII Mesh Forming: Type IV |
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How do you view Type III or Reticulin collagen fibers?
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Use Silver stains. You can't see it with H&E due to heavy glycosylation
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Composition of Elastic Fibers
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Collagen fibers made up of a Fibrillin outside structure with Elastin in the inside.
Fibrilin is like steel rods on the outside with the Elastin resembling concrete poured in the inside |
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Function of GAG's and ground substance
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1. Bind to water and ions like Na
2. Form a barrier to pathogens 3. Bind growth factors Tip: GAG is gagged by the ions, water, and growth factors it has to suck down |
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General composition of GAG's
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Large unbranched molecules.
Composed of sugars and generally sulfated. Sulfation makes them highly negatively charged and helps in binding water. Tip: If you are GAGged you are being SULFacated (sulfur) and that is a negative aspect. You can feel SULFacated when you are taking in water and being waterboarded. |
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Different GAG's
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Hyaluronic Acid: made outside of the cell, not sulfated
Chondroitin sulfate: made inside, sulfated Heparin Sulfate: made inside, sulfated Keratin sulfate: made inside, sulfated Proteoglycans: many GAG chains linked to a core protein. The three sulfate groups are added intracelluarly and make up parts of this |
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Function of Focal Adhesions
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Adhere mesenchyme to surrounding matrix
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Composition of Focal Adhesions
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Integrins bind to fibronectin (a glycoprotein in ECM) outside of cell. Integrin's cytoplasmic tail binds to plaque proteins.
Tip: Focal Adhesions are like hemi-desmosomes in which the cells are trying to be attached to outside different cells. So both use integrins which bind to internal plaque proteins |
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Connective Tissue Cells
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1. Fibroblasts
a. Mesenchymal Cells b. Active Fibroblasts c. Inactive fibroblasts 2. Adipocytes a. Unilocular (white fat) b. Multilocular (brown fat) 3. Mast Cell 4. Monocyte 5. Plasma Cell Tip: Fibroblasts are in CT because CT has many fibrous elements |
Tip: Fibroblasts are in CT because CT has many fibrous elements
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Types of Fibroblasts and functions
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Mesenchymal cells: attached to ECM by focal adhesions. They are in fetal CT and secrete mainly Type III collagen. They look unorganized and brown.
Actibe Fibroblast: actively secreting collagenous matrix (esp Type I). It's organized and euchromatic. Inactive fibroblast: Found in mature CT. Cell doesn't make collagen and has heterochromatin Tip: Mesenchyme is a stem cell that is in developing CT. When its developing it needs all the basic things built first, especially the lymph nodes and the reticular membrane. (Type III) |
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4 Types of Connective Tissue
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1. Loose/Areoolar: lots of fibroblasts. Smaller collagen bundles
2. Dense Irregular: Large disorderly collagen bundles 3. Dense Regular: fewer cells, large ordered collagen fibers 4. Adipose tissue |
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