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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cardinal Symptoms of Inflammation
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Cardinal Symptoms of Inflammation:
1.) Calor (Hot) 2.) Rubor (Red) 3.) Tumor (Swollen) 4.) Dolor (Painful) 5.) Functio Laesa (Functional Impairment) |
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Responsible for What Type of Immune Response:
Immunoglobulins |
Immunoglobulins:
Acquired Immune Response Antigen Specific Antibodies |
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Responsible for What Type of Immune Response:
B-lymphocytes |
B-lymphocytes:
Acquired Immune Response Humoral Immunity -Secrete Immunoglobulins |
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Responsible for What Type of Immune Response:
T-lymphocytes |
T-lymphocytes:
Acquired Immune Response Cell-mediated immunity |
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Responsible for What Type of Immune Response:
Antigen Presenting Cells |
Antigen Presenting Cells
Acquired Immune Response |
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Innate Immune Response:
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Innate Immune Response:
1.) Physical Barriers, lysozyme, gastric acid 2.) Cellular Components -Phagocytes -Eosinophils -Basophils -Mast Cells -NK lymphocytes 3.) Molecular Components -complement system -acute-phase proteins -cytokines |
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Immunoglobulin Classes:
IgG |
IgG:
Serum Abundance -80% of antibodies Morphology -monomer Functions: -activate phagocytes -neutralize antigens Special Characteristics: -can cross placenta -protects newborns |
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Immunoglobulin Classes:
IgM |
IgM:
Serum Abundance -5-10% of antibodies Morphology -pentamer Functions: -1st antibodies produced in initial immune response -activates complement system Special Characteristics: -B-lymphocyte surface as a MONOMER |
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Immunoglobulin Classes:
IgA |
IgA:
(Protein J Secretory Complement - connects 2-3 subunits) Serum Abundance -10-15% of antibodies Morphology -dimer or trimer Functions: -protects surface of mucosa Special Characteristics: -present in SECRETIONS -(saliva, milk, tears, etc) |
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Immunoglobulin Classes:
IgD |
IgD:
Serum Abundance -0.2% of antibodies Morphology -monomer Functions: -antigen receptor triggering initial B-lymphocyte activation Special Characteristics: -surface of B-lymphocytes |
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Immunoglobulin Classes:
IgE |
IgE:
Serum Abundance -0.002% of antibodies Morphology -monomer Functions: -participates in allergy -participates in parasite destruction Special Characteristics: -bound to surface of Mast Cells & Basophils |
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T-Cells: CD4+
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T-Cells: CD4+
-Helper T-cells -Cellular Immune Response -release cytokines promoting B-cells differentiating into plasma cells |
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T-Cells: CD8+
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T-Cells: CD8+
-Cytotoxic T-Cells (Regulatory/Suppressive T-Cells) -destroy body's own cells displaying foreign antigens |
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B-Cells: Function
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B-Cells: Function
-Humoral Immune Response (augment innate/non-specific response) -Differentiation: -B-cell --> Plasma Cell: Secrete Antibodies |
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Antigen Presenting Cells
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Antigen Presenting Cells:
*phagocytosis of foreign material, present on surface to B-Cells & T-Cells -macrophages -dendritic cells |
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Antibodies: Protection Mechanisms
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Antibodies: Protection Mechanisms:
1.) Inactivation of Antigen a.) Neutralization - bind & mask b.) Agglutination - cross-linking of cell bound antigens (picture of IgM gathering many cells w/antigens into glob) c.) Precipitation - cross-linking soluble antigens 2.) Activation of Complement System |
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Pathology: HIV
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Pathology: HIV
Mechanism: -destroys T-helper cells (CD4+) -Infections -Opportunistic Infections -Cancer |
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Pathology: Autoimmune
Myasthenia Gravis |
Myasthenia Gravis:
Autoimmune attack of Acetyl Choline Receptors |
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Pathology: Autoimmune
Idiopathic Addison's Disease |
Idiopathic Addison's Disease:
Autoimmune attack of Adrenal Cortex |
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Pathology: Autoimmune
Diabetes Mellitus |
Diabetes Mellitus
Autoimmune attack Pancreatic B-Cells |
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Pathology: Autoimmune
Atrophic Gastritis, Pernicious Anemia |
Atrophic Gastritis, Pernicious Anemia
Autoimmune attack on Parietal Cells (intrinsic factor) |
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Pathology: Autoimmune
Grave's Disease |
Grave's Disease:
Autoimmune STIMULATION of Thyroid TSH receptor -Hyperthyroidism symptoms |
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Pathology: Autoimmune
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis |
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis:
Autoimmune attack on Thyroglobulin |
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Pathology: Allergies
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Allergies:
-B-lymphocytes respond to allergen as antigen, secrete IgE -Fc (non-variable region) of IgE binds to mast cells -Allergens recognized by IgE on mast cells -Mast cells release inflammatory mediators -Allergic symptoms |
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Lymph Nodes
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Lymph Nodes:
-Lymph dumped into subcapsular sinuses to -Cortical sinuses to -Medullary sinuses to -Leave through Efferent lymph vessels *Exposed to immune cells here |
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Spleen
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Spleen:
White Part: bunch of lymphocytes Red Part: bunch of sinusoids *Has closed circulation (continuous vessels) & open circulation *Open Circulation -RBC cemetary -RBCs dumped into parenchyma have to be flexible to get back into sinusoids, older ones destroyed |
