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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 3 layers of blood vessels called? give details about the innermost layer.
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tunica intima, media, and adventicial
the intimia has 3 layers to it - the endothelial (with squamous epithelia), the basal lamina for the epithelia, and the subendothelial layer (full of connective tissue) |
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What's cool about the subendothelial layer of arteries and arterioles?
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has the internal elastic lamina.
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Tunica media - what two borders define it? What is the media full of?
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the internal elastic lamina and the external elastic lamina.
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Tunica adventicia - what's in it?
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connective tissue
also, vaso vasorum |
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In hypertension, what happens to the smooth muscles in the tunica media?
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they multiply, decreasing the size of the lumen.
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What's on the innermost layer of a large artery?
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tunica intima - has the internal elastic lamina and
WIEBEL PALOTI BODIES are inside of large arteries and make P-selectin and von Willabrand factor, a pro-coagulant factor. |
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What's the pathway of athersclerosis?
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Endothelial cells on the insides of arteries make PDGF (platelet derived growth factor), into which macrophages and smooth muscles migrate. They move into the intima. These then combine with lipids and become FOAMY, which decreases the size of the lumen.
SM cells secrete extracellular matrix (matrix/collagen) |
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what's different looking about muscular arteries?
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the internal elastic lamina is more pronounced, very thick, there is a lot of smooth muscle in the intima.
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what's in the tunica media of muscular arteries?
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lots of muscle, little elastin. it's also the thickest layer.
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arterioles: what else are they called? what do they look like? how much SM?
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resistance vessels.
the have 1-3 layers of smooth muscle, and should have an internal elastic lamina. though, we don't usually see this. |
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what are our three types of capillaries?
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fenistrated, continuous, and discontinuous.
Continuous (somatic): CNS, muscle, and lung. Sometimes have pericytes with them. tight junctions, full layer of endothelium. Fenestrated: mostly in endocrine glands, also all about fluid absorption (intestines). galbladder too, discontinuous (aka sinusoidal): liver, spleen, and bone marrow. really irregular and large. |
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what do pericytes do?
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they may have some contractile ability, which might control flow into the capillary.
also can differentiate into smooth muscle and endothelial cells, wound healing. can become a SM, macrophage, reticular cell, adipocyte, or fibroblast? |
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what's the most interesting thing about large veins? how do veins and arteries compare?
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they have smooth muscle in their adventicia and have no organization.
veins have the same 3 layers, but they're less distinct also, the lumen is usually larger in veins compared to their accompanying artery. the vein, on slides, is often collapsed. |
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describe the mechanism by which smooth muscle cells contract
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unmylenated poste ganglionic sympathetics (norepi).
some post-ganglionic paras for skeletal dilation using NO. Nerves enter the tunica media! |
